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One Week of Single Leg Immobilization Lowers Muscle Connective Protein Synthesis Rates in Healthy, Young Adults. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-23 Andrew M Holwerda,Michelle E G Weijzen,Antoine Zorenc,Joan Senden,Guus H J Jetten,Lisanne H P Houben,Lex B Verdijk,Luc J C van Loon
PURPOSE Short periods of limb immobilization lower myofibrillar protein synthesis rates. Within skeletal muscle, the extracellular matrix of connective proteins is recognized as an important factor determining the capacity to transmit contractile force. Little is known regarding the impact of immobilization and subsequent recovery on muscle connective protein synthesis rates. This study examined the
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Responsiveness of Patient-Reported and Device-based Physical Activity Measures: Secondary Analysis of Four Randomised Trials. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-14 Jennifer N Baldwin,Jialan He,Juliana S Oliveira,Amanda Bates,Anne Tiedemann,Leanne Hassett,Catherine Sherrington,Marina B Pinheiro
PURPOSE This study aimed to compare the responsiveness of patient-reported and device-based instruments within four physical activity trials. METHODS This was a secondary analysis of four randomised trials that used both a patient-reported outcome measure (the Incidental and Planned Exercise Questionnaire, IPEQ) and a device-based instrument (ActiGraph or ActivPAL) to measure physical activity. The
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The Effects of a 10-day Military Field Exercise on Body Composition, Physical Performance, and Muscle Cells in Men and Women. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-14 Olav Vikmoen,Hilde Kristin Teien,Rita Tansø,Anders Aandstad,Elise Lander,Kristoffer T Cumming,Stian Ellefsen,Kirsi Helkala,Truls Raastad
PURPOSE To investigate the effects of a demanding military field exercise on physical performance, body composition and muscle cellular outcomes in men and women. METHODS Ten men (20.5 ± 0.5 years) and 8 women (21.4 ± 1.4 years) completed a 10-day field exercise consisting of extensive physical activity with food and sleep restriction. Acquisition of body composition, physical performance, blood and
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Supramaximal Testing to Confirm the Achievement of V̇O2max in Acute Hypoxia. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-14 Benjamin P Thompson,Connor J Doherty,Leah M Mann,Jou-Chung Chang,Sarah A Angus,Glen E Foster,Jason S Au,Paolo B Dominelli
PURPOSE We sought to determine if supramaximal exercise testing confirms the achievement of V̇O2max in acute hypoxia. We hypothesized that the incremental and supramaximal V̇O2 will be sufficiently similar in acute hypoxia. METHODS Twenty-one healthy adults (males n = 13, females n = 8) completed incremental and supramaximal exercise tests in normoxia and acute hypoxia (fraction inspired oxygen = 0
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A Method-Comparison Study Highlighting the Disparity between Osseous- and Skin-Based Measures of Foot Mobility. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Scott C Wearing,Brendan Jones,Thomas Horstmann,Aaron Robertson
PURPOSE This study examined the validity of standard clinical measures of arch height mobility (AHM), midfoot width mobility (MWM) and foot mobility magnitude (FMM) relative to skin-based and osseous measures derived from radiographs. METHODS Skin-based clinical indices of foot mobility were calculated from standard, caliper-based measures of foot length, midfoot width and dorsal arch height of the
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The Immediate Biomechanical Effects of a Flat, Flexible School Shoe in Adolescents with Patellofemoral Pain. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Natalie Mazzella,Danielle Trowell,Aaron Fox,Natalie Saunders,Bill Vicenzino,Jason Bonacci
INTRODUCTION Treatment options for adolescent patellofemoral pain (PFP) are limited. School footwear might be a suitable intervention to modulate patellofemoral joint (PFJ) loads in adolescents with PFP. This study examined the immediate effects of a flat, flexible school shoe compared to a traditional school shoe on knee joint kinematics and kinetics, and PFJ reaction force during walking and running
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Oral Contraception use and Musculotendinous Injury in Young Female Patients: A Database Study. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-10-26 Luis A Rodriguez,Yida Liu,Subaryani D H Soedirdjo,Bhaskar Thakur,Yasin Y Dhaher
PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to characterize the effect of sex and the influence of oral contraception usage on musculotendinous injury (MTI). Current literature suggests a disparity in the incidence of MTIs between males and females. This may be attributed to inherent biological differences between the sexes, such as in the sex hormonal milieu. There is a lack of information associating sex
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Hip Contact Forces during Sprinting in Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-10-26 Basílio A M Gonçalves,David J Saxby,Evy Meinders,Rod S Barrett,Laura E Diamond
PURPOSE Sprinting often provokes hip pain in individuals with femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS). Asphericity of the femoral head-neck junction (cam morphology) characteristic of FAIS can increase risk of anterior-superior acetabular cartilage damage. This study aimed to: 1) compare hip contact forces (magnitude and direction) during sprinting between individuals with FAIS, asymptomatic cam
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Conflicting Associations among Bioelectrical Impedance and Cardiometabolic Health Parameters in Young White and Black Adults. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-10-26 Austin J Graybeal,Caleb F Brandner,Jon Stavres
PURPOSE The purpose of this cross-sectional evaluation was to determine the associations between raw bioelectrical impedance and cardiometabolic health parameters in a sample of young non-Hispanic White and African-American adults. METHODS A total of 96 (F: 52, M: 44) non-Hispanic White (n = 45) and African-American adults (n = 51) between the ages of 19 and 37 (22.7 ± 3.83 y) completed several fasted
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Motor-Respiratory Coupling Improves Endurance Performance during Rhythmic Isometric Handgrip Exercise. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-10-26 Zhibin Li,Wei Li,Ping-Ju Lin,Tianyu Jia,Linhong Ji,Chong Li
PURPOSE This study aimed to evaluate whether motor-respiratory coupling (MRC) exists in rhythmic isometric handgrip exercises and its effect on endurance performance. Additionally, the mechanism underlying observed effects was to be investigated if higher MRC rate could enhance endurance performance. METHODS Eleven subjects completed three rhythmic isometric handgrip trials to task failure in a randomized
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Sex-Specific Impact of CARM1 in Skeletal Muscle Adaptations to Exercise. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-10-26 Tiffany L vanLieshout,Derek W Stouth,Rozhin Raziee,Anne-Sophie J Sraka,Hooriya A Masood,Sean Y Ng,Stephanie R Mattina,Andrew I Mikhail,Alexander Manta,Vladimir Ljubicic
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to determine how the intersection of coactivator-associated arginine methyltransferase 1 (CARM1) and biological sex impacts skeletal muscle adaptations to chronic physical activity. METHODS 12-week-old female (F) and male (M) wild-type (WT) and CARM1 skeletal muscle-specific knockout mice (mKO) were randomly assigned to sedentary (SED) or voluntary wheel running
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Relationships of Total and Domain-Specific Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity with All-Cause and Disease Specific Mortality. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-10-26 Hiroyuki Kikuchi,Shigeru Inoue,Shiho Amagasa,Keisuke Kuwahara,Hikaru Ihira,Manami Inoue,Hiroyasu Iso,Shoichiro Tsugane,Norie Sawada
PURPOSE This study aims to investigate the relationships of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) with all-cause and disease-specific mortality. We also investigated how the association between MVPA at leisure time (LT-MVPA) and health outcomes differs at different MVPA at work (WT-MVPA) levels. METHODS The 81,601 community-dwelling Japanese persons aged 50-79 years who responded to a questionnaire
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Significant Association between a Diagnosis of Hypovitaminosis D and Rotator Cuff Tear, Independent of Age and Sex: A Retrospective Database Study. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-10-24 J Alex Albright,Edward J Testa,Rory A Byrne,Brandon Portnoff,Alan H Daniels,Brett D Owens
PURPOSE As high rates of vitamin D deficiency have been demonstrated in orthopaedic patient cohorts, this study aims to characterize the association between a diagnosis of hypovitaminosis D and primary rotator cuff tear (RCT), primary rotator cuff repair (RCR), and postoperative complications in different sex and age cohorts. METHODS In this retrospective cohort study using PearlDiver, a nationwide
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Initial Assessment and Management of Select Musculoskeletal Injuries: A Team Physician Consensus Statement. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-10-17 Stanley A Herring,W Ben Kibler,Margot Putukian,Lori A Boyajian-O'Neill,Cindy J Chang,R Rob Franks,Mark Hutchinson,Peter A Indelicato,Francis G O'Connor,Amy Powell,Ryan Roach,Marc Safran,Siobhan M Statuta,Karen Sutton
Musculoskeletal injuries occur frequently in sport during practice, training and competition. Injury assessment and management are common responsibilities for the team physician. Initial Assessment and Management of Musculoskeletal Injury - A Team Physician Consensus Statement is title 23 in a series of annual consensus documents written for the practicing team physician. This statement was developed
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Patellar Tendon Load Progression during Rehabilitation Exercises: Implications for the Treatment of Patellar Tendon Injuries. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-10-17 Rodrigo Scattone Silva,Ke Song,Todd J Hullfish,Andrew Sprague,Karin Grävare Silbernagel,Josh R Baxter
PURPOSE To evaluate patellar tendon loading profiles (loading index, based on loading peak, loading impulse, and loading rate) of rehabilitation exercises to develop clinical guidelines to incrementally increase the rate and magnitude of patellar tendon loading during rehabilitation. METHODS Twenty healthy adults (10 females/10 males, 25.9 ± 5.7 years) performed 35 rehabilitation exercises, including
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The Impact of Mental Fatigue on a Strength Endurance Task: Is there a Role for the Movement-Related Cortical Potential? Med. Sci. Sports Exercise (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-10-17 Matthias Proost,Jelle Habay,Jonas De Wachter,Kevin De Pauw,Uros Marusic,Romain Meeusen,Sander De Bock,Bart Roelands,Jeroen Van Cutsem
PURPOSE Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain how mental fatigue degrades sport performance. In terms of endurance performance, a role for an increased perceived exertion has been demonstrated. Utilizing electroencephalography (EEG) and, more specifically, the movement-related cortical potential (MRCP), the present study explored the neural mechanisms that could underly the mental fatigue-associated
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Perceived Fatigability, Fatigue, and Mortality in Mid-to-Late Life in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-10-13 Francesca R Marino,Xiaomeng Chen,Jennifer A Deal,Eleanor M Simonsick,Luigi Ferrucci,Jennifer A Schrack,Amal A Wanigatunga
INTRODUCTION/PURPOSE Fatigue is an established prognostic indicator of mortality risk. It remains unknown whether fatigability anchored to a physical task is a more sensitive prognostic indicator and whether sensitivity differs by prevalent chronic conditions. METHODS 1,076 physically well-functioning participants aged ≥50 years in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging self-reported fatigue (unusual
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Caffeine, CYP1A2 Genotype and Exercise Performance: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-10-12 Gabriel Barreto,Gabriel P Esteves,Felipe Marticorena,Tamires N Oliveira,Jozo Grgic,Bryan Saunders
PURPOSE To summarise and meta-analyse existing evidence regarding the influence of CYP1A2 genotypes on the acute effects of caffeine for exercise performance, and to investigate the interaction between genotype, dosage, and timing of caffeine supplementation. METHODS Six databases were searched for studies determining the effect of caffeine (except mouth rinsing) on exercise performance between CYP1A2
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Effects of Different Weekly Set Progressions on Muscular Adaptations in Trained Males: Is there a Dose-Response Effect? Med. Sci. Sports Exercise (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-10-06 Alysson Enes,Eduardo O De Souza,Tácito P Souza-Junior
PURPOSE This study investigated the effect of progressively adding sets for the lower- limb every two weeks versus performing a constant set volume in resistance-trained males. METHODS Thirty-one resistance-trained males (age 24.4 ± 2.9 years; height 175.5 ± 6.5 cm; body mass 80.1 ± 9.4 kg; body fat 14.4 ± 3.1%; resistance training [RT] experience 5.1 ± 2.2 years; one repetition maximum (1-RM) barbell
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No Evidence of Post-Activation Performance Enhancement on Endurance Exercises: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-10-06 Gustavo César Vasconcelos,Cayque Brietzke,Julio Cesar Silva Cesario,Carlos Daniel Bento Douetts,Raul Canestri,Ítalo Vinicius,Paulo Estevão Franco-Alvarenga,Flávio Oliveira Pires
PURPOSE Narrative reviews have suggested that post-activation induced by warm-up routines is effective to increase endurance exercise performance in real-world scenarios. However, systematic reviews with meta-analysis (SRMA) rather than narrative ones are required to provide an up-to-date summary of the evidence and provide directions for practical decisions. Therefore, we systematically reviewed peer-reviewed
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Physical Activity Associates with T1rho MRI of Femoral Cartilage Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-10-06 Hope C Davis-Wilson,Louise M Thoma,Jason R Franz,J Troy Blackburn,Lara Longobardi,Todd A Schwartz,Anthony C Hackney,Brian Pietrosimone
PURPOSE Less physical activity has been associated with systemic biomarkers of cartilage breakdown following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). Yet, previous research lacks analysis of deleterious cartilage compositional changes and objective physical activity following ACLR. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between physical activity quantified via accelerometer-based
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Endurance Exercise Performance is Reduced after 6-Hour Dives at 1.35 ATA when Breathing 100% Oxygen Compared to Air. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-10-03 Elizabeth G Considine,John P Florian,Alex O Klemp
INTRODUCTION Long-duration dives on consecutive days reduces muscular performance, potentially impacting military personnel. However, a paucity of data exists on how breathing gases affect endurance performance. This study examined the influence of long-duration diving with different breathing gases on aerobic endurance and handgrip performance. METHODS Twenty-three military divers completed a single
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Eating Disorder Risk and Common Mental Disorders in British Servicewomen: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-09-29 Thomas J O'Leary,Charlotte V Coombs,Caitlin Perrett,Robert M Gifford,Sophie L Wardle,Julie P Greeves
PURPOSE Servicewomen are at increased risk of common mental disorders compared with Servicemen and their female civilian counterparts. The prevalence of eating disorder risk and common mental disorders, and associated risk factors, in British Servicewomen is poorly understood. METHODS All women under 45 years in the UK Armed Forces were invited to complete a survey about demographics, exercise behaviours
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The Biological Basis of Sex Differences in Athletic Performance: Consensus Statement for the American College of Sports Medicine. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-09-28 Sandra K Hunter,Siddhartha S Angadi,Aditi Bhargava,Joanna Harper,Angelica Lindén Hirschberg,Benjamin D Levine,Kerrie L Moreau,Natalie J Nokoff,Nina S Stachenfeld,Stéphane Bermon
Biological sex is a primary determinant of athletic performance because of fundamental sex differences in anatomy and physiology dictated by sex chromosomes and sex hormones. Adult men are typically stronger, more powerful, and faster than women of similar age and training status. Thus, for athletic events and sports relying on endurance, muscle strength, speed, and power, males typically outperform
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Regarding Nuances in Thermophysiology of Para-Athletes across Impairment Types. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-09-22 Cameron M Gee,Hannah A Caldwell,Trent Stellingwerff,Christopher R West
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Impact of Blood Flow Restriction Exercise on Central Hemodynamics and Fluid Regulating Hormones. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-09-22 Kyle M A Thompson,Alexander S D Gamble,Alexandra M Coates,Jamie F Burr
PURPOSE To characterize both the efficacy of altered restriction pressures and consequences of optimized blood flow restriction (BFR) for altering the cardiovascular and fluid regulating response in humans. METHODS This work comprised a series of related trials. Phase 1: during semi-recumbent cycling (5 min, 60 W) with BFR at 0, 50, 75, 100 and 125% of participants' lowest arterial occlusion pressure
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Relationship between TV Watching during Childhood and Adolescence, and Artery Function in Adulthood. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-09-21 Andrew Haynes,Joanne McVeigh,Sarah L Hissen,Leanne Lester,Peter R Eastwood,Leon Straker,Trevor A Mori,Lawrence Beilin,Jennie Carson,Daniel J Green
PURPOSE Artery dysfunction is an early, integral stage in atherogenesis that predicts future cardiovascular events. Sedentary behaviour such as TV watching is highly prevalent and associated with increased risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. This study investigated whether patterns of TV watching throughout childhood and adolescence were associated with artery function in adulthood. METHODS
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Changes in Desk-Based Workers' Sitting, Standing, and Stepping Time: Short- and Longer-Term Effects on Musculoskeletal Pain. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-09-19 Francis Q S Dzakpasu,Neville Owen,Alison Carver,Christian J Brakenridge,Elizabeth G Eakin,Genevieve N Healy,Anthony D Lamontagne,Marj Moodie,Pieter Coenen,Leon Straker,David W Dunstan
PURPOSE Sitting at work can be associated with musculoskeletal pain, but the effect of reductions in sitting is not well understood. We examined relationships with musculoskeletal pain of changes in sitting, standing, stepping, and short and long bouts of these behaviors. METHODS Analyses pooled data from 224 desk workers (68.4% women; mean ± SD age = 45.5 ± 9.4 yr; body mass index = 28.1 ± 6.1 kg⋅m
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Neuromuscular Plantar Flexor Performance of Sprinters versus Physically Active Individuals. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-09-18 Evan D Crotty,Laura-Anne M Furlong,Andrew J Harrison
INTRODUCTION Comparison of the neuromuscular performance of different athlete types may give insight into the in-vivo variability of these measures and their underpinning mechanisms. The study aims to compare the neuromuscular function of the plantar flexors of sprinters and physically active individuals to assess any differences in explosive force performance. METHODS Neuromuscular performance of
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Impact of Water and Land-Based Exercise Training on Risk Factors and Vascular Function in Middle-Aged and Older Men and Women. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-09-15 Daniel J Green,Gustavo O Silva,Kurt J Smith,Barbara A Maslen,Kay L Cox,Nicola T Lautenschlager,Carmela F Pestell,Philip N Ainslie,Andrew Haynes,Louise H Naylor
INTRODUCTION Exercise improves vascular function, but it is unclear whether benefits are mediated by traditional cardiovascular (CV) risk factors, or whether sex differences in training effects exist in older adults. We hypothesized that exercise would improve CV risk factors, that males and females would benefit similarly, and that improvements in risk factors would correlate with changes in vascular
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HAPI Fit: An Exercise Intervention to Improve Peak Aerobic Capacity in Young Adults Born Very Preterm. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-09-14 Camille Bastien Tardif,Marie-Eve Mathieu,Maxime Caru,Amy Al-Simaani,Camille Girard-Bock,Anik Cloutier,Mickael K Stickland,Anne Monique Nuyt,Thuy Mai Luu
INTRODUCTION Individuals born preterm have reduced aerobic capacity, which could be related to impaired organ development. Their capacity to improve aerobic capacity with exercise training could therefore be limited but this remains unknown. We aimed to test an exercise intervention to improve cardiorespiratory fitness in adults born preterm. METHODS 21 very preterm and 37 full-term individuals, aged
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A Device Agnostic Approach to Predict Children's Activity from Consumer Wearable Accelerometer Data: A Proof-of-Concept Study. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-09-13 R Glenn Weaver,James White,Olivia Finnegan,Srihari Nelakuditi,Xuanxuan Zhu,Sarah Burkart,Michael Beets,David Brown,Russ Pate,Gregory J Welk,Massimiliano de Zambotti,Rahul Ghosal,Yuan Wang,Bridget Armstrong,Elizabeth L Adams,Layton Reesor-Oyer,Christopher D Pfledderer,Meghan Bastyr,Lauren von Klinggraeff,Hannah Parker
INTRODUCTION This study examined the potential of a device agnostic approach for predicting physical activity from consumer wearable accelerometry compared to a research-grade accelerometry. METHODS Seventy-five 5-12-year-olds (58% male, 63% White) participated in a 60-minute protocol. Children wore wrist-placed consumer wearables (Apple Watch Series 7 and Garmin Vivoactive 4) and a research-grade
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Time-Efficient, High-Resistance Inspiratory Muscle Strength Training Increases Exercise Tolerance in Midlife and Older Adults. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-09-13 Daniel H Craighead,Kaitlin A Freeberg,Thomas C Heinbockel,Matthew J Rossman,Rachel A Jackman,Narissa P McCarty,Lindsey R Jankowski,Travis Nemkov,Julie A Reisz,Angelo D'Alessandro,Michel Chonchol,E Fiona Bailey,Douglas R Seals
PURPOSE To determine if time-efficient, high-resistance inspiratory muscle strength training (IMST), comprising 30 inhalation-resisted breaths per day, improves cardiorespiratory fitness, exercise tolerance, physical function and/or regional body composition in healthy midlife and older adults. METHODS We performed a double-blind, randomized, sham-controlled clinical trial (NCT03266510) testing 6 weeks
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Caffeine Improves Simulated 800-m Run Performance without Affecting Severe Exercise-Induced Arterial Hypoxemia. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-09-13 Kohei Dobashi,Yuki Fukazawa,Akira Katagiri,Yasushi Enomoto,Takeshi Nishiyasu,Naoto Fujii
PURPOSE Although caffeine is known to possess ergogenic effects, previous studies demonstrated no effect of caffeine on 800-m run performance outdoors which might be due to several uncontrolled factors including pacing strategies. We hypothesized that caffeine ingestion improves a pace-controlled simulated 800-m run performance. We also hypothesized that exercise-induced arterial hypoxemia (EIAH) occurs
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Hamstring Strain Injury Risk Factors in Australian Football Change over the Course of the Season. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-09-13 Aylwin Sim,Ryan G Timmins,Joshua D Ruddy,Haifeng Shen,Kewen Liao,Nirav Maniar,Jack T Hickey,Morgan D Williams,David A Opar
BACKGROUND/AIM To determine which factors were most predictive of hamstring strain injury (HSI) during different stages of the competition in professional Australian Football. METHODS Across two competitive seasons, eccentric knee flexor strength and biceps femoris long head (BFlh) architecture of 311 Australian Football players (455 player seasons) were assessed at the start and end of pre-season
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Using Machine Learning-Based Algorithms to Identify and Quantify Exercise Limitations in Clinical Practice: Are we there yet? Med. Sci. Sports Exercise (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-09-13 Fabian Schwendinger,Ann-Kathrin Biehler,Monika Nagy-Huber,Raphael Knaier,Volker Roth,Daniel Dumitrescu,F Joachim Meyer,Alfred Hager,Arno Schmidt-Trucksäss
INTRODUCTION Well-trained staff is needed to interpret cardiopulmonary exercise tests (CPET). We aimed to examine the accuracy of machine learning-based algorithms to classify exercise limitations and their severity in clinical practice compared to expert consensus using patients presenting at a pulmonary clinic. METHODS This study included 200 historical CPET datasets (48.5% female) of patients aged
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Accelerometer Metrics: Healthy Adult Reference Values, Associations with Cardiorespiratory Fitness, and Clinical Implications. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-09-13 Fabian Schwendinger,Jonathan Wagner,Raphael Knaier,Denis Infanger,Alex V Rowlands,Timo Hinrichs,Arno Schmidt-Trucksäss
PURPOSE Accelerometer-assessed physical activity (PA) can be summarised using cut-point-free or population-specific cut-point-based outcomes. We aimed to: 1) examine the interrelationship between cut-point-free (intensity gradient [IG] and average acceleration [AvAcc]) and cut-point-based accelerometer metrics, 2) compare the association between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and cut-point-free metrics
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Does Wrist-Worn Accelerometer Wear Compliance Wane over a Free-Living Assessment Period? An NHANES Analysis. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-09-13 Samuel R LaMunion,Robert J Brychta,Pedro Saint-Maurice,Charles E Matthews,Kong Y Chen
PURPOSE Accelerometers are used to objectively measure physical behaviors in free-living environments, typically for ≥7 consecutive days. We examined whether participants experience "wear fatigue", a decline in wear time day over day, during typical assessment period acquired in a nationally representative sample of 6-80-year-olds in the United States (U.S.). METHODS Participants were instructed to
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Vertical Jump Testing Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-09-13 Benjamin Dutaillis,Laura E Diamond,Stephanie L Lazarczuk,Ryan G Timmins,Matthew N Bourne
INTRODUCTION Recently, there has been a call for vertical jump testing via force-plate analysis to be included in the assessment of individuals following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) and as part of return to play criteria. However, a synthesis of current literature is needed to help guide clinicians on what tests to perform, which force-plate metrics to assess and how these may
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Are there Interindividual Responses of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Markers to Acute Exercise? A Replicated Crossover Study. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-09-13 Tonghui Shen,Alice E Thackray,James A King,Tareq F Alotaibi,Turki M Alanazi,Scott A Willis,Matthew J Roberts,Lorenzo Lolli,Greg Atkinson,David J Stensel
PURPOSE Using a replicated crossover design, we quantified the response heterogeneity of postprandial cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk marker responses to acute exercise. METHODS Twenty men (mean (SD) age, 26 (6) years; BMI, 23.9 (2.4) kg·m-2) completed four, 2-day conditions (two control, two exercise) in randomised orders. On days 1 and 2, participants rested and consumed two high-fat meals over
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Signal Variability Comparative Analysis of Healthy Early- and Late-Pubertal Children during Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-09-05 Zachary Blanks,Donald E Brown,Dan M Cooper,Shlomit Radom Aizik,Ronen Bar-Yoseph
PURPOSE The kinetics of physiological responses to exercise have traditionally been characterized by estimating exponential equation parameters using iterative best-fit techniques of heart rate (HR) and gas exchange [respiratory rate, RR; oxygen uptake, ; carbon dioxide output, ; and ventilation, V̇E]. In this study, we present a novel approach to characterizing the maturation of physiological responses
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Upper Limb Strength and Performance Deficits after Glenohumeral-Joint-Stabilisation Surgery in Contact and Collision Athletes. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-08-31 Edel Fanning,Katherine Daniels,Ann Cools,Hannan Mullett,Ruth Delaney,Ciaran Mcfadden,Eanna Falvey
PURPOSE The primary aim was to identify and quantify differences in interlimb asymmetry magnitudes across a battery of upper extremity strength and performance tests at four and six months after glenohumeral-joint-stabilisation surgery shoulder stabilisation in contact and collision athletes compared to an un-injured group. A secondary aim was to investigate if identified asymmetry magnitudes changed
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Comparative Analysis of ActiGraph Step Counting Methods in Adults: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-08-30 Lindsay Toth,Amanda E Paluch,David R Bassett,Erika Rees-Punia,Eric M Eberl,Susan Park,Kelly R Evenson
PURPOSE The primary aim of this study was to compare steps/day across ActiGraph models, wear locations, and filtering methods. A secondary aim was to compare ActiGraph steps/day to those estimated by the ankle-worn StepWatch. METHODS We conducted a systematic literature review to identify studies of adults published before May 12, 2022, that compared free-living steps/day of ActiGraph step-counting
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Genetic Predisposition, Sedentary Behavior and Incident Coronary Artery Disease: A Prospective Chinese Cohort Study. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-08-30 Chunyu Hu,Keyong Huang,Can Cai,Fangchao Liu,Jianxin Li,Dongsheng Hu,Yingxin Zhao,Xiaoqing Liu,Jie Cao,Shufeng Chen,Hongfan Li,Ling Yu,Ying Li,Chong Shen,Jianfeng Huan,Dongfeng Gu,Xiangfeng Lu
PURPOSE Whether the association of sedentary behaviors with coronary artery disease (CAD) can be influenced by genetic susceptibility remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the joint and interplay effects between genetic risk and sedentary time (ST), and further explore the extent to which the risk for CAD can be counteracted by reducing ST in different genetic groups. METHODS This prospective cohort
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Pre-injury Knee and Ankle Mechanics During Running are Reduced Among Collegiate Runners who Develop Achilles Tendinopathy. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-08-30 Mikel R Stiffler-Joachim,Stephanie A Kliethermes,Bryan C Heiderscheit
INTRODUCTION Achilles tendinopathies (AT) are common in runners, but prospective data assessing running mechanics associated with developing AT are limited. Asymmetry in running mechanics is also considered a risk factor for injury, though it is unknown if the problematic mechanics occur on the injured limb only or are present bilaterally. PURPOSE To prospectively identify differences in pre-injury
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Fatigue Resistance Is Altered during the High-Hormone Phase of Eumenorrheic Females but not Oral Contraceptive Users. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-08-30 Serene J L Lee,Marc Sim,Fleur E C A Van Rens,Jeremiah J Peiffer
PURPOSE To examine the effect of ovarian hormones and their synthetic equivalents on substrate utilisation and fatigue resistance during a race-specific cycling protocol. METHODS 17 well-trained female cyclists (9 eumenorrheic females, 8 oral contraceptive users), completed two experimental trials, in a randomised order, in their low (follicular/sugar pill) and high-hormone (luteal/active pill) phases
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As we were and as we Should Be, Combined Exercise Training in Adults with Schizophrenia: CORTEX-SP Study Part I. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-08-25 Mikel Tous-Espelosin,Sonia Ruiz de Azua,Nagore Iriarte-Yoller,Pedro M Sanchez,Edorta Elizagarate,Sara Maldonado-Martín
INTRODUCTION Given the health benefits and the role of exercise as an anti-inflammatory adjuvant program, this study aimed to determine the effectiveness of a combined exercise program on cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), body composition, and biochemical levels in adults with schizophrenia (SZ) characterized at baseline as metabolically unhealthy overweight with low CRF. METHODS Participants diagnosed
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Determining Peak Cardiac Output with Inert Gas Rebreathing: Methodological Considerations and Reporting. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-08-25 Timothy I Musch,David C Poole
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Epidemiology of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tears in National Collegiate Athletic Association Athletes: 2014/15 - 2018/19. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-08-23 Derek R Dewig,Adrian J Boltz,Reagan E Moffit,Neel Rao,Christy L Collins,Avinash Chandran
PURPOSE To describe the epidemiology of ACL tears in NCAA men's and women's sports. METHODS Injury and exposure data collected within the NCAA Injury Surveillance Program from 2014/15-2018/19 were analyzed. ACL tear frequencies, rates (IRs) and proportions were used to describe injury incidence by sport, event type, injury mechanism, and injury history. Injury rate ratios (IRRs) were utilized to examine
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Effect of Physical Exercise-Based Rehabilitation on Long COVID: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-08-17 Chen Zheng,Xiang-Ke Chen,Cindy Hui-Ping Sit,Xiao Liang,L I Ming-Hui,Alvin Chun-Hang Ma,Stephen Heung-Sang Wong
PURPOSE The number of persons living with post-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) conditions or long COVID continues to rise worldwide; however, the etiology and treatment of long COVID remain nebulous. Therefore, efficient, feasible, and cost-effective therapeutic strategies for a large population with long COVID remain warranted. Physical exercise-based rehabilitation is a promising strategy for
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Acute Effect of Heavy Weightlifting on the Pelvic Floor Muscles in Strength-Trained Women - An Experimental Crossover Study. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-08-11 Kristina Lindquist Skaug,Marie Ellström Engh,Kari Bø
INTRODUCTION/PURPOSE Heavy lifting may produce strain on the pelvic floor muscles (PFM) due to high increases in intraabdominal pressure, but knowledge of the impact of weightlifting on the PFM is lacking. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate acute effects of heavy weightlifting on the PFM in strength-trained women and whether general strength in whole-body exercises correlated to PFM strength
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Acute Ingestion of a Ketone Monoester without Co-Ingestion of Carbohydrate Improves Running Economy in Male Endurance Runners. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-08-11 Aidan J Brady,Brendan Egan
PURPOSE Acute ingestion of a ketone monoester, with and without co-ingestion of carbohydrate, was investigated for effects on running economy (RE), time to exhaustion (TTE), and other related indices of endurance running performance. METHODS Using a three condition, placebo-controlled, randomized crossover design, eleven male middle- and long- distance runners ran at five submaximal speeds (10 to 14
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The Effect of Exercise on a Novel Dual-Task Assessment for Sport Concussion. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-08-07 Juliana Jimenez,Nicholas K Erdman,Joseph M Hart,Jacob E Resch
PURPOSE To determine the effect of exercise on cognitive and motor performance and the subsequent test-retest reliability of a novel dual-task (DT) assessment in non-concussed college students. METHODS Sixty (53.3% female) non-concussed college students with an average age (+standard deviation) of 20.5 ± 1.34 years, height = 171.7 ± 9.33 cm, mass = 69.3 ± 12.23 kg). Participants were assigned to an
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Effects of the EXECP Intervention on Motor Function, Muscle Strength and Joint Flexibility in Individuals with Cerebral Palsy. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-08-07 Pedro Valadão,Francesco Cenni,Harri Piitulainen,Janne Avela,Taija Finni
PURPOSE Numerous exercise interventions to enhance motor function in cerebral palsy (CP) have been proposed, with varying degrees of effectiveness. Since motor function requires a combination of muscle strength, joint flexibility and motor coordination, we designed a supervised multicomponent exercise intervention (EXECP) for individuals with CP. Our aim was to evaluate the effects of the EXECP intervention
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Safety, Feasibility, and Acceptability of a Multisite Individualized Exercise Intervention for People with Multiple Myeloma. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-08-02 Jennifer L Nicol,Brent J Cunningham,Carmel Woodrow,Kirsten N Adlard,Zoe E Papinczak,Rosalind R Spence,Alexander N Boytar,Peter Mollee,Nicholas Weber,Andrew J Nicol,Michelle M Hill,Tina L Skinner
INTRODUCTION High rates of disease- and treatment-related symptoms, such as bone lesions, in people with multiple myeloma (MM) create uncertainty on the safety and feasibility of exercise. This study determined the safety, feasibility, and acceptability of an individualized exercise medicine program for people with MM at any disease stage. METHODS A multisite, randomized waitlist-controlled trial was
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Carbohydrate Ingestion during Prolonged Cycling Improves Next-Day Time Trial Performance and Alters Amino Acid Concentrations. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-08-02 Matthieu Clauss,Øyvind Skattebo,Malin Rasen Dæhli,Thorhildur Ditta Valsdottir,Nasser Ezzatkhah Bastani,Egil Ivar Johansen,Kristoffer Jensen Kolnes,Bjørn Steen Skålhegg,Jørgen Jensen
INTRODUCTION Exercise with low carbohydrate availability increases protein degradation, which may reduce subsequent performance considerably. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of carbohydrate ingestion during standardized exercise with and without exhaustion on protein degradation and next-day performance. METHODS Seven trained male cyclists (V̇O 2max 66.8 ± 1.9 mL·kg -1 ·min -1 ; mean
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Free-Weight and Machine-Based Training Are Equally Effective on Strength and Hypertrophy: Challenging a Traditional Myth. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-08-02 Alejandro Hernández-Belmonte,Alejandro Martínez-Cava,Ángel Buendía-Romero,Francisco Franco-López,Jesús G Pallarés
PURPOSE This study aimed to compare the effects of free-weight and machine-based resistance training on strength, hypertrophy, and joint discomfort. METHODS Thirty-eight resistance-trained men participated in an 8-wk resistance program allocated into free-weight ( n = 19) or machine-based ( n = 19) groups. Training variables were identical for both modalities, so they only differed in the use of barbells
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Online Circuit Training Increases Adherence to Physical Activity: A Randomized Controlled Trial of Men with Obesity. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-08-02 Mohammad Keshavarz,Martin Sénéchal,Danielle R Bouchard
PURPOSE This study aimed to examine adherence to the weekly physical activity guidelines (≥150 min of aerobic activities at moderate-to-vigorous intensity and two or more sessions of strength training (yes or no)) and health outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic for men living with obesity, 46 wk after being offered an online muscle-strengthening circuit program for 12 wk. METHODS Sixty men (age ≥19
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The Impact of Exercise Training and Supplemental Oxygen on Peripheral Muscles in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-08-02 Daniel Neunhäuserer,Martin Hudelmaier,David Niederseer,Marco Vecchiato,Wolfgang Wirth,Eva Steidle-Kloc,Bernhard Kaiser,Bernd Lamprecht,Andrea Ermolao,Michael Studnicka,Josef Niebauer
OBJECTIVE Exercise training is a cornerstone of the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, whereas the related interindividual heterogeneity in skeletal muscle dysfunction and adaptations are not yet fully understood. We set out to investigate the effects of exercise training and supplemental oxygen on functional and structural peripheral muscle adaptation. METHODS In this prospective