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Up for Debate: Does Regular Physical Activity Really Improve Mental Health?
Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise ( IF 4.1 ) Pub Date : 2024-12-19 , DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000003636
Eduardo E Bustamante,Angelique G Brellenthin,David R Brown,Patrick J O'Connor

Physical activity is frequently touted as beneficial for mental health. This paper, based on a 2023 ACSM colloquium, highlights key strengths and limitations of the evidence regarding physical activity and mental health from three perspectives: epidemiological studies, randomized controlled trial experiments, and investigations that explicitly consider the potential role that contextual factors, such as the social climate in which physical activity is completed, can play in physical activity-mental health interactions. A large body of epidemiological evidence supports that regular leisure time physical activity is associated with less depression and anxiety. Higher amounts of physical activity are often associated with fewer depressive symptoms, but there may be a dose-response point where for some people more is not better but can plateau or even worsen. Epidemiological evidence is emerging but currently inadequate to support associations between mental health and occupational, transportation/active commuting or domestic/household physical activity types. A large body of randomized controlled trials, typically small, short duration and conducted with samples biased toward middle-to-higher socioeconomic status Whites, supports that the adoption of regular exercise improves aspects of mental health; however, the mechanisms are unclear and for those without mental disorders the mean effects are small. Mental health benefits of exercise may be partially a placebo response or result from contextual factors surrounding exercise. A small body of evidence supports that contextual elements, such as the program implementation quality and social environment, can influence the mental health outcomes associated with physical activity programs, but the evidence is currently inadequate to identify which contextual variables have consistent moderate or larger effects. Greater progress will be made in this area when research designs are expanded to include consideration of the potential influence of contextual factors on relationships between physical activity and mental health.

中文翻译:


待商榷:定期进行体育锻炼真的能改善心理健康吗?



体育活动经常被吹捧为对心理健康有益。本文基于 2023 年 ACSM 座谈会,从三个角度强调了有关身体活动和心理健康的证据的主要优势和局限性:流行病学研究、随机对照试验实验以及明确考虑环境因素(例如完成身体活动的社会氛围)的潜在作用的调查在身体活动-心理健康互动中可以发挥作用。大量流行病学证据支持规律的闲暇时间体育活动与较少的抑郁和焦虑有关。较多的身体活动通常与较少的抑郁症状有关,但可能存在一个剂量反应点,对于某些人来说,越多并不意味着更好,但可能会趋于平稳甚至恶化。流行病学证据正在出现,但目前不足以支持心理健康与职业、交通/积极通勤或家庭/家庭身体活动类型之间的关联。大量随机对照试验,通常是小规模、持续时间短,样本偏向中高级社会经济地位的白人,支持采用定期锻炼可以改善心理健康的各个方面;然而,机制尚不清楚,对于没有精神障碍的人来说,平均影响很小。运动对心理健康的益处可能部分是安慰剂反应,也可能是运动周围环境因素的结果。 少量证据支持情境因素,例如项目实施质量和社会环境,可以影响与体育活动项目相关的心理健康结果,但目前的证据不足以确定哪些情境变量具有一致的中等或更大影响。当研究设计扩大到包括考虑环境因素对身体活动与心理健康之间关系的潜在影响时,该领域将取得更大的进展。
更新日期:2024-12-19
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