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Toward the Limits of Human Ageing Physiology: Characteristics of the 50-, 60- and 70-yr + Male Indoor Rowing World Champions.
Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise ( IF 4.1 ) Pub Date : 2025-01-24 , DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000003657
Lorcan S Daly

PURPOSE To examine the physiological, power-duration, nutritional intake and training characteristics of the recent lightweight (- 75 kg) 50+, 60+ and 70 + yr world champion indoor rowers. METHODS Laboratory assessments, undertaken over 2 visits, examined body composition, pulmonary function, blood lactate/ventilatory landmarks, efficiency, fat/carbohydrate oxidation, primary component time-constant to steady-state [𝜏pc]) and peak oxygen consumption (V̇O2peak). Training, performance and nutritional intake were also reported. RESULTS The athletes' world championship 2000 m times were 06:34.8, 06:44.0 and 07:15.2, respectively. Their training distribution could be considered pyramidal, with ≈65% in the moderate domain, ≈30% in heavy/severe domains and ≈5% in the extreme domain (rowing ≈67 km.week-1). The athletes demonstrated highly-developed attributes such as fat free mass (FFM; [63.4 to 68.1 kg]), forced vital capacity (4.9 to 5.5 L), 𝜏PC; [13.8 to 17.4 s]), peak power output (550 to 797 W), V̇O2peak (56.2 to 44.7 mL.kg.min-1) and critical power (217 to 288 W). Comparisons with young Olympic champion rowers suggest that age-related 2000 m performance mean power declines of -21.6 to -41.4% in world champions ≈25-, 35-, and 45-years older may be predominantly driven by 'central' factors (e.g., V̇O2peak, critical power; -18.1 to -43.8%). In contrast, 'peripheral' factors (e.g., gross efficiency, τPC; +6.1 to -25.1%) seem to display notable preservation despite ageing, aligning closely with values seen in young Olympic champions. CONCLUSIONS These results challenge conventional perspectives of age-related physiological capacities and decline trajectories. They also suggest that, commensurate with adequate training and nutritional provision, various physiologic systems can exhibit remarkable adaptability and sustain exceptionally high function during ageing. Finally, large differences among the athletes' power-duration and physiological characteristics imply that achieving world-class rowing performance can be predicated by diverse cardiovascular, metabolic and neuromuscular attributes.

中文翻译:


迈向人类衰老生理学的极限:50 岁、60 岁和 70 岁 + 男子室内赛艇世界冠军的特征。



目的 检查最近轻量级 (- 75 kg) 50+、60+ 和 70 + 岁世界冠军室内赛艇运动员的生理、力量持续时间、营养摄入和训练特性。方法 在 2 次访问中进行的实验室评估检查了身体成分、肺功能、血乳酸/通气标志、效率、脂肪/碳水化合物氧化、主要成分稳态时间常数 [τpc])和峰值耗氧量 (V̇O2peak)。还报告了训练、表现和营养摄入。结果 运动员世锦赛 2000 米成绩分别为 06:34.8、06:44.0 和 07:15.2。他们的训练分布可以被认为是金字塔形的,≈65% 在中度领域,≈30% 在重度/严重领域,≈5% 在极端领域(划船≈67 公里周-1)。运动员表现出高度发达的属性,例如无脂肪质量 (FFM;[63.4 至 68.1 kg]),用力肺活量(4.9 至 5.5 L),τPC;[13.8 至 17.4 s])、峰值功率输出(550 至 797 W)、V̇O2 峰值(56.2 至 44.7 mL.kg.min-1)和临界功率(217 至 288 W)。与年轻的奥运冠军赛艇运动员的比较表明,与年龄相关的 2000 米成绩意味着世界冠军≈25 岁、35 岁和 45 岁)的功率下降 -21.6% 至 -41.4%,这可能主要由“中心”因素驱动(例如,V̇O2peak、临界功率;-18.1 至 -43.8%)。相比之下,“外围”因素(例如,总效率、τPC;+6.1 至 -25.1%)似乎在老化后仍显示出明显的保留,这与年轻奥运冠军的价值观密切相关。结论 这些结果挑战了与年龄相关的生理能力和下降轨迹的传统观点。 他们还表明,在适当的训练和营养供应下,各种生理系统可以表现出非凡的适应性,并在衰老过程中维持极高的功能。最后,运动员的力量持续时间和生理特性之间的巨大差异意味着,要达到世界级的划船表现可以取决于不同的心血管、代谢和神经肌肉属性。
更新日期:2025-01-24
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