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Short-Term Warm-Water Immersion for Improving Whole-Body Heat Loss in Older Men.
Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise ( IF 4.1 ) Pub Date : 2025-01-17 , DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000003649
Kristina-Marie T Janetos,Fergus K O'Connor,Robert D Meade,Brodie J Richards,Nick J Koetje,Nathalie V Kirby,James J McCormick,Andreas D Flouris,Glen P Kenny

PURPOSE Exercise-induced heat acclimation can mitigate age-related reductions in heat-loss capacity, though performing repeated bouts of strenuous exercise in the heat may be untenable for many older adults. While short-term passive heat acclimation (e.g., ≤7 days of warm-water immersion) enhances whole-body heat loss in young adults, evidence of its efficacy in older adults is lacking. Thus, we examined whether 7-days warm-water immersion would improve whole-body heat loss in older adults. METHODS Twelve habitually active older men (median [IQR] age: 68 [64-73] years; peak oxygen uptake (V̇O2peak): 34.1 [29.4-36.1] mLO2·kg-1·min-1) completed 7 consecutive days of ~90-minutes warm-water immersion (~40 °C) with core (rectal) temperature clamped at ~38.5 °C for the final 60 minutes. Before and after the warm-water immersion intervention, whole-body total (evaporative + dry) heat loss was measured via direct calorimetry during three, 30-minute bouts of cycling at increasing fixed rates of metabolic heat production (150, 200, 250 W·m-2), each separated by 15-minutes rest, in a hot-dry environment (40 °C, ~13% relative humidity). Rectal temperature and heart rate were measured continuously. RESULTS Following 7 days of warm-water immersion, whole-body total heat loss was elevated by 23 [95% confidence interval: 14, 31] W·m-2 across exercise bouts (acclimation-effect: P < 0.001; interaction: P = 0.598). This was paralleled by reductions in core temperature and heart rate of 0.3 [0.2, 0.4] °C and 11 [8, 14] beats·min-1 (both, acclimation-effect: P < 0.001; interaction: P = 0.288), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Seven consecutive days of warm-water immersion improved whole-body heat loss and reduced core temperature and cardiovascular strain across light-to-vigorous intensity exercise in habitually active older men. Passive heat acclimation may be an efficacious alternative to exercise-heat acclimation to improve heat-loss capacity. Studies are warranted to assess effectiveness in more heat-vulnerable populations.

中文翻译:


短期温水浸泡改善老年男性全身热量损失。



目的 运动诱导的热适应可以减轻与年龄相关的热损失能力降低,尽管对于许多老年人来说,在高温下反复进行剧烈运动可能是站不住脚的。虽然短期被动热适应(例如,≤ 7 天的温水浸泡)可增强年轻人的全身热量损失,但缺乏其对老年人有效的证据。因此,我们检查了 7 天温水浸泡是否会改善老年人的全身热量损失。方法 12 名习惯性活跃的老年男性 (中位 [IQR] 年龄:68 [64-73] 岁;峰值摄氧量 (V̇O2peak):34.1 [29.4-36.1] mLO2·kg-1·min-1)完成了连续 7 天的 ~90 分钟温水浸泡 (~40 °C),核心(直肠)温度保持在 ~38.5 °C最后 60 分钟。在温水浸泡干预之前和之后,在热干环境(40 °C,~13% 相对湿度)中,通过直接量热法测量三轮 30 分钟的循环期间全身总(蒸发 + 干)热量损失,每次循环增加固定的代谢热产生速率(150、200、250 W·m-2),每次休息 15 分钟。连续测量直肠温度和心率。结果 温水浸泡 7 天后,全身总热量损失在运动中增加了 23 [95% 置信区间:14, 31] W·m-2(驯化效应:P < 0.001;交互作用:P = 0.598)。这与核心温度和心率分别降低 0.3 [0.2, 0.4] °C 和 11 [8, 14] 次·min-1 (两者,驯化效应:P < 0.001;交互作用:P = 0.288)平行。 结论 连续 7 天的温水浸泡改善了习惯性活跃的老年男性在轻度到剧烈强度运动中全身热量损失,降低了核心温度和心血管压力。被动热驯化可能是提高热损失能力的运动热驯化的有效替代方案。有必要进行研究以评估对更易受高温影响的人群的有效性。
更新日期:2025-01-17
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