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What Drives Early Childhood Providers to Increase Quality? Using Expectancy-Value Theory to Understand Providers’ Motivations and Challenges in Quality Rating and Improvement Systems Early Education and Development (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2024-09-24 Eun Hur, Beth Boyle, Katherine Ardeleanu, Lieny Jeon, Isabella Bubier
Research Findings: Quality Rating and Improvement Systems (QRIS) are operated with an assumption that early childhood education (ECE) providers will participate and increase quality to get more rec...
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Is Temperament Associated with Academic School Readiness in Children Born Very Preterm? Early Education and Development (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2024-09-16 Leanne Tamm, James L. Peugh, Nehal A. Parikh
Research Findings: Temperament, which can be assessed as early as 3 months, is associated with school readiness and later academic achievement in children born full term. Although children born pre...
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Intergenerational Pathways Linking Mothers’ Childhood Traumatic Experiences and Preschoolers’ Prosocial Behaviors Early Education and Development (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2024-09-18 Qianwen Liu, Zhenhong Wang
Research Findings: The present study investigated the potential mediating role of maternal parenting in the intergenerational effects of maternal childhood traumatic experiences (CTEs) on prosocial...
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Empowered, Strained, or Stable: Teachers’ Experiences of Occupational Well-Being During the Two-Year Pre-Primary Education Trial in Finland Early Education and Development (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2024-09-18 Heli Muhonen, Mimmu Sulkanen, Maarit Alasuutari, Marja-Kristiina Lerkkanen
Research Findings: This study investigated early childhood education and care (ECEC) teachers’ experiences of occupational well-being during a two-year pre-primary education trial in Finland. Profi...
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Prosocial Behavior in Early Childhood Across Boys and Girls: Associations Among Parent- and Teacher-Report and Child Behavior on the Dictator Game Early Education and Development (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2024-08-21 Simone E. Halliday, Franziska M. Dahinden, Tina Hascher
Research Findings: Prosocial behavior in early childhood can be assessed by various informants and methodologies, but the information each provides may differ in meaningful ways. The present study ...
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Exploring Links Between Social Competence, Immigrant Background, and Children’s Preschool Adjustment Early Education and Development (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2024-08-20 Federica Zava, Stefania Sette, Giovanni Maria Vecchio, Fiorenzo Laghi, Emma Baumgartner, Robert J. Coplan
Research Findings: In the present study, we investigated the roles of children’s social competence and immigrant background in the prediction of the quality of children’s relationships with peers a...
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Reliability and Validity Evidence for an Adapted Affect Knowledge Test for Preschool Children Using Rasch Theory Early Education and Development (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2024-08-18 Katherine E. Frye, Elizabeth J. Garis, Ted O. Myers, A. Corinne Huggins-Manley, Tina M. Smith-Bonahue, Kristen M. Kemple, LeAnna Kehl
Research Findings: Emotion knowledge is one facet of social and emotional learning (SEL) that emerges in early childhood. Various interventions and measures target preschoolers’ emotional skills to...
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Caregivers’ Social Conformity Predicts Their Judgments of Toddlers’ Moral Agency Early Education and Development (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2024-08-14 Samuel Essler, Markus Paulus
Research Findings: Social constructivist theories have proposed that caregivers’ perceptions of children as morally responsible agents are an important factor in children’s moral development. Howev...
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Hispanic Parents’ Beliefs and Practices During Shared Reading in English and Spanish Early Education and Development (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2024-08-08 Daniela Avelar, Adriana Weisleder, Roberta Michnick Golinkoff
Research Findings: Shared book reading is important for children’s early literacy development. Although there is an increasing number of dual language learners, few studies have examined families’ ...
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What About the Influence of Outdoor Quality on Preschoolers’ Cognitive and Social Skills? Early Education and Development (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2024-08-08 Blenda Luize Chor Rodrigues, Linda L. Hestenes
Research Findings: Outdoor environments have recently become part of the early childhood quality puzzle, which has long been important to trace relationships between children’s experiences in child...
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Investigating Preschool Teachers’ Pedagogical Content Knowledge of Number Comparison Early Education and Development (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2024-08-06 Xia Li, Colleen Maas, Colleen Oppenzato
Research Findings: The aim of this study was to investigate U.S. preschool teachers’ math pedagogical content knowledge in number comparison. Seventy-four in- and pre-service teachers completed a s...
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The Effect of Ecological Environment on Language-Minority Students’ Math and Reading Development: A Hierarchical Linear Analysis of a Longitudinal Study Early Education and Development (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2024-07-15 Xin Li, Regena F. Nelson, Jianping Shen
Research Findings: This study illustrated whether and how ecological environments are associated with language-minority students’ (N = 12,500) math and reading development from kindergarten to the ...
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Emotion Knowledge Relates to Cortisol for Children Attending Head Start Preschool Early Education and Development (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2024-06-27 Eleanor D. Brown, Sara King, Mallory L. Garnett, Steven J. Holochwost
Research Findings: The ability to manage emotions is thought to be important for regulating stress at a physiological level, yet no prior published studies have examined young children’s emotion un...
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Harsh Discipline and the Development of Children’s Externalizing Problems: Longitudinal Mediation of Intraindividual Reaction Time Variability Early Education and Development (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2024-06-19 Yuan Peng, Yuan Liang, Yali Wang, Guangyan Yang
Research Findings: The present study aimed to investigate whether the trial-to-trial intraindividual reaction time variability (IIV), which reflects prefrontal cortex activity related to attentiona...
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The Roles of Student-Teacher Relationship Quality and Classroom Self-Regulatory Supports for Children’s Self-Regulatory Skills in Kindergarten and First Grade Early Education and Development (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2024-06-16 Anna Wright, Anne Martin, Sherri Castle, Deborah A. Phillips, Anna D. Johnson, The Tulsa SEED Study Team
Research Findings: The current study aimed to explore the independent and interactive roles of individual student-teacher relationship quality and classroom-level self-regulatory supports in kinder...
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Cognitive Distancing Language in Parent-Child Book Sharing Among Low-Income Mexican American and Chinese American Families: Cultural Group Comparisons and Links to Children’s Executive Functions Early Education and Development (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2024-06-16 Ezra Mauer, Emily Mak, Yuuko Uchikoshi, Rufan Luo, Qing Zhou
Research Findings: In the context of parent-child book sharing, cultural influences on cognitive distancing language and associations with child executive function (EF) have been understudied. This...
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Preschool Children’s Science Learning: Instructional Approaches and Individual Differences Early Education and Development (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2024-06-13 Amanda Grenell, Jasmine R. Ernst, Stephanie M. Carlson
Research Findings: Early science skills predict later science achievement, and persistent achievement gaps in science appear as early as preschool. The current study compared the effectiveness of d...
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Children’s Social-Emotional Development During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Protective Effects of the Quality of Children’s Home and Preschool Learning Environments Early Education and Development (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2024-06-11 Elisa Oppermann, Sabine Blaurock, Lysann Zander, Yvonne Anders
Research Findings: The study examined the development of children’s social-emotional problems between 2019 (T1) and winter 2021/22 (T2) during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the role of children...
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A Focus Group Study on Participatory Practices in Early Childhood Education and Care Across Four European Countries Early Education and Development (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2024-06-06 Sílvia Barros, Vera Coelho, Olga Wysłowska, Efthymia Penderi, Helena Taelman, Sara Barros Araújo, Nadine Correia, Urszula Markowska-Manista, Konstantinos Petrogiannis, Anneleen Boderé, Manuela Pessanha, Cristiana Guimarães, Cecília Aguiar
Participation in educational settings is a universal right of every child, consigned by the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child. This right encompasses the need to protect and enco...
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Echoing Parental Scaffolding Style in Co–Constructed Narratives: Its Impact on Executive Function Development in Diverse Early School-Age Children Early Education and Development (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2024-06-05 Yan Jiang, Alison Wishard Guerra, Shana R. Cohen, Timothy T. Brown, Naomi T. Lin, Monica Molgaard, John Iversen
Research Findings: Early elementary school is a crucial time for the development of executive functions, but less is known about the impact of parent-child narratives on executive function developm...
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ECEC educators’ Attitudes and Perceptions Toward and Supportive Role in children’s Digital Gameplay: The Emotion Detectives Game as an example Early Education and Development (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2024-06-04 Sari Lipponen, Kenneth Eklund, Marja-Leena Laakso, Merja Koivula, Kerttu Huttunen
Today, digital games are considered important tools for learning, but using them in early childhood education and care (ECEC) has raised the question of educators’ roles when children play an educa...
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Social–Emotional Competence as a Predictor of Early Numeracy Skills Early Education and Development (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2024-06-03 Tracy M. Zehner, Tanya M. Paes, Brianna L. Devlin, Elyssa A. Geer, Germán Posada, Robert J. Duncan, David J. Purpura, Sara A. Schmitt
Research Findings: This study examined the association between preschool children’s social-emotional competence (SEC), defined by their social skills and problem behaviors, and numeracy skills. It ...
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Kindergarten Teachers’ Emotional Labor and Occupational Well-Being: How Do Different Interpersonal Relationships Matter? Early Education and Development (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2024-06-02 Xin Zheng, Ying Luo, Jiaxin Tang
Teaching is an emotionally demanding profession, and teachers’ ability to manage their emotions appears to be linked to their occupational well-being. Kindergarten teachers experience intense and f...
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Toddlers’ Cortisol Levels in Childcare and at Home Early Education and Development (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2024-06-02 Kathrin Nystad, May Britt Drugli, Stian Lydersen, Håvard Horndalen Tveit, Ratib Lekhal, Elisabet Solheim Buøen
Research Findings: Measuring toddlers’ cortisol levels both in childcare and at home and their relation to child- and childcare-related factors may help to identify stress-inducing childcare practi...
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Validating Self-Assessment Measures for Quality of Center-Based Childcare: A Meta-Analysis Early Education and Development (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2024-06-02 Simon M. Hay, Harriet J. Vermeer, Ruben G. Fukkink, Harold T. Nefs
Research Findings: A growing number of stakeholders in early childhood education (ECE) rely on self-assessment to assess and improve the quality of ECE. In this systematic review, we investigated t...
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Cultivating Compassion in Jewish-Israeli Kindergartners: The Effectiveness of Mindfulness- and Empathy-Based Interventions As Facilitators of Compassion Early Education and Development (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2024-05-30 Rony Berger, Joy Benatov, Ankita Karna, Rui Wu, Ricardo Tarrasch, Saskia D. M. van Schaik, Alaina Brenick
We examined the effectiveness of a mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) compared to a social-emotional empathy-based intervention (EBI), and a passive control group in promoting compassion among Je...
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Executive Function and Spatial Skills in Children’s Block Play: A Cross-Cultural Comparison Early Education and Development (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2024-05-29 Zachary S. Gold, Yasmina Bayoun, Nina Howe, Kristen A. Dunfield
Research Findings: There are sparse data on children’s use of executive function (EF) and spatial skills in block play. However, there are important implications for studying EF and spatial skills ...
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Site and Provider Characteristics Associated with the Use of Exclusionary Discipline in Minnesota Early Care and Education Sites Early Education and Development (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2024-05-29 Sophia W. Magro, Christina F. Mondi, Tripat K. Rihal, Elizabeth A. Carlson
Research Findings: The present study examined site and provider characteristics that may be associated with use of exclusionary discipline in center- and home-based childcare sites (N = 320). Highe...
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The Effect of Self-Concept and Self-Efficacy on Learning Engagement and Subsequent Reading Performance: The Difference Between L1 and L2 Reading in First-Grade Students Early Education and Development (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2024-04-11 Siyu Zhu, Yuan Yao, Shui-Duen Chan, Xinhua Zhu
Reading self-beliefs, comprising self-concept and self-efficacy, play a pivotal role in shaping students’ learning engagement and learning outcomes. However, existing literature on the self-beliefs...
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Parents’ Psychological Distress During COVID-19: Correlates and Relations with Parents’ Engagement in Early Education Early Education and Development (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2024-04-10 Hao Li, Aining Peng, Xiao Zhang
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a wide range of psychological problems among parents and posed significant challenges to their mental health. However, there is a lack of research exploring the ant...
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Profiles of Professional Wellbeing and Turnover Intentions Among Australian Early Childhood Educators Early Education and Development (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2024-04-09 Katherine H. Canobi, Patricia Eadie, Lisa Murray, Penny Levickis, Jane Page, Laura McFarland
Research Findings: To explore distinct professional-wellbeing subgroups and variations in turnover intentions, we examined the factor structure of the Early Childhood Professional Wellbeing Questio...
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Why Do Child Care Teachers Leave? Why Do They Stay? – Pre-Pandemic Evidence Early Education and Development (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2024-04-09 Olivia R. Blöchliger, Georg F. Bauer
Turnover of child care staff is associated with lower care quality and compromised children’s development. While turnover rates in the child care sector have steadily been high, the COVID-19 pandem...
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Enhancing Teachers’ Pedagogical Awareness of Teaching Early Mathematical Skills – A Mixed Methods Study of Tailored Professional Development Program Early Education and Development (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-31 Piia Parviainen, Kenneth Eklund, Merja Koivula, Tarja Liinamaa, Niina Rutanen
The purpose of this mixed methods study was to explore changes in pedagogical awareness of teaching early mathematical skills among teachers in early childhood education (N =7) when participating i...
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Children’s Narrative Retells: The Influence of Character Realism and Storybook Theme on Central and Peripheral Detail Early Education and Development (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2024-01-21 Samantha J. Russell, J. Jessica Wang, Kate Cain
Research Findings: Anthropomorphized animal characters have been associated with negative influences on educational outcomes for young children, for example story comprehension and prosocial learni...
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Coaching and Coursework Focused on Teacher–Child Interactions During Language/Literacy Instruction: Effects on Teacher Outcomes and Children’s Classroom Engagement Early Education and Development (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2024-01-18 Jason T. Downer, Nicole B. Doyle, Robert C. Pianta, Margaret Burchinal, Samuel Field, Bridget K. Hamre, Jennifer LoCasale-Crouch, Carollee Howes, Karen LaParo, Catherine Scott-Little
A sample of 496 early childhood teachers was assigned randomly in two phases to a series of professional development (PD) interventions. Phase I intervention was a 14-week course on effective teach...
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A Randomized Controlled Trial of the Effectiveness and Mechanisms of Change in a School-Based Intervention Combining Universal and Indicated Prevention for Preschoolers’ Behavior Problems Early Education and Development (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-28 Catrinel A. Ștefan, Delia Cristescu, Ingrid Dănilă
The Social-Emotional Prevention Program (SEP) is a multi-focused intervention combining universal and indicated intervention strategies delivered face-to-face and through the use of technology. The...
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Executive Functioning and Early Math Skills in Young Children at Risk for Mathematical Difficulties: Evaluation of Interventions Efficacy and Transfer Effects Early Education and Development (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-27 Ahmad Ahmadi, Susan S. Chuang, Megan McClelland, Christopher R. Gonzales, Ahmad Beh-Pajooh
Research Findings: Executive Function (EF) and Early Math (EM) are foundational skills for children’s school success. Interventions have shown to foster these skills, but their effectiveness in les...
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Profiles of State and Trait Engagement of Preschool Children Early Education and Development (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-21 Andrea Ritoša, Lena Almqvist, Henrik Danielsson, Mats Granlund
Research Findings: This study examined the engagement of 494 preschool children in Sweden (M = 53.44 months, SD = 10.64) using both teacher questionnaires to measure global engagement (trait) and o...
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Does Participation Benefit Children’s Socio-Emotional Development? Positive Associations Between Children’s Participation and Self-Concept, Through Children’s Perceptions Early Education and Development (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-10 Nadine Correia, Helena Carvalho, Cecília Aguiar
Participation, a fundamental right of all children, is described as an indicator of early childhood education (ECE) settings’ quality, and as an investment in children’s development and well-being....
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Translating Vision into Reality for Early Education & Development Early Education and Development (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-10 Jeffrey Liew
Published in Early Education and Development (Vol. 35, No. 1, 2024)
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Digital Transformations in Early Learning: From Touch Interactions to AI Conversations Early Education and Development (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-10 Wenwei Luo, Weipeng Yang, Ilene R. Berson
Published in Early Education and Development (Vol. 35, No. 1, 2024)
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Narrowing the Digital Divide in Early Maths: How Different Modes of Assessment Influence Young Children’s Mathematical Test Scores Early Education and Development (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-10 Sian McDonald, Olga Fotakopoulou
Research Findings: Children are increasingly using touchscreen technologies at home, which has become a recurring feature within their classroom too. Research has investigated the potential effect ...
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Nurturing Preschool Children’s Social Skills and Reducing Behavioral Difficulties Through Teacher Practices: The Answer of the Incredible Years Classroom Management Programme Early Education and Development (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-07 Vera Maria Silvério do Vale, Maria Filomena da Fonseca Gaspar
Research Findings: The Incredible Years Teacher Classroom Management (IY-TCM) program is an evidence-based intervention intended to promote the social and emotional skills of children and to reduce...
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Missing Out: Kindergarten Teachers’ Reports of Soft Exclusionary Discipline Practices Early Education and Development (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-06 Amanda P. Williford, Pilar Alamos, Jessica E. Whittaker, Maria R. Accavitti
Research Findings: Students perceived as struggling to regulate their emotions and behavior are at risk for experiencing classroom and school exclusion beginning in preschool. In this preliminary a...
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How Early Digital Experience Shapes Young Brains During 0-12 Years: A Scoping Review Early Education and Development (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-16 Dandan Wu, Xinyi Dong, Danqing Liu, Hui Li
Research Findings: Early digital experience (e.g. screen time and digital use) is believed to impact children’s brain development, functionally and structurally, but this impact has not been system...
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Influence of Maternal Cognitions on Child Mental Health and Educational Experiences at Home During COVID-19 Early Education and Development (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-02 Calpanaa Jegatheeswaran, Samantha Burns, Jennifer Jenkins, Michal Perlman
Suboptimal parenting characterized by low self-efficacy and perceived impact is associated with poor child mental health and academic outcomes, especially for at-risk families. This study capitaliz...
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Can a Brief Professional Development Improve Early Childhood Educators’ Responsivity and Interaction Quality in Child Care Centers? A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial Early Education and Development (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Ashley Brunsek, Michelle Rodrigues, Nina Sokolovic, Sahar Borairi, Zeenat Janmohamed, Jennifer M. Jenkins, Michal Perlman
High-quality early childhood education and care (ECEC) – particularly care defined by highly responsive interactions between educators and children – has the potential to have lasting positive impa...
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Family Well-Being and Self-Sufficiency Service Use in Head Start: The Impact of Family Participation and Demographic Predictors of Service Use Early Education and Development (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-10-25 Anamarie A. Whitaker, Melissa Dahlin
Two-generation programs are designed to provide services to children and their parents, yet the extent to which parents use family well-being and self-sufficiency services is not widely known. We u...
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Mapping the Literature to Identify Early Childhood Coaches’ Backgrounds and Training Early Education and Development (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-10-12 Rachel Erin Schachter, Molly J. Goldberg, Junrong Lu, Lisa Knoche
Coaching is a key lever for supporting professional learning in early childhood, and coaches serve a critical role in the coaching process. However, little is known about coaches themselves which i...
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Early Care and Education Workforce Compensation, Program Quality, and Child Outcomes: A Review of the Research Early Education and Development (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-10-09 Taryn W. Morrissey, Kelsey M. Bowman
Research Findings: Despite the importance of early care and education (ECE) for children’s early learning and parents’ labor force participation, workers average low pay with few benefits. The prec...
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Maternal Failure Mindsets and Parenting Styles: Exploring the Mediating Role of Maternal Attributions of Children’s Academic Failures Early Education and Development (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-10-09 Xinpei Xu, Xiaoyun Li, Tianyu Gu, Yan Li
This study examines the mediating effects of parental attributions of children’s academic failures in the relationship between maternal failure mind-sets and their parenting styles. Participants we...
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Investigating the Development of Positive Peer Interactions in Low-Income Latino DLL Preschool Children Early Education and Development (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-09-24 Rica Ramírez, Lisa M. López, Olivia Hernandez Gonzalez, Marcela Galicia, Eugene Komaroff, Carol Scheffner Hammer
Research Findings: There is limited research regarding socio-emotional development in low-income Latino Dual Language Learner (DLL) children. A total of 14 studies have been identified in a compreh...
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School-Based Early Childhood Education and Children’s Development in Urban Nepal Early Education and Development (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-09-18 Kenji Kitamura
Research Findings: Despite the prevalence of integrating early childhood education (ECE) into formal schooling, there is limited evidence on how school-based ECE affects children compared to other ...
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Preservice Teachers’ Social Justice Teaching Beliefs and Attributions of Black Boys’ Classroom Behavior Early Education and Development (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-09-14 Pamela W. Garner, Kyndra V. Middleton
Research Findings: We examined whether early childhood preservice teachers’ emotional competence and commitment to social emotional learning moderated associations between their beliefs about socia...
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Learning to Name Uppercase and Lowercase Letters in Preschoolers and Kindergarteners: An Investigation of the Effects of Child- and Letter-Related Factors Early Education and Development (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-08-29 Annie Vinter, Patrick Bard, Helle Lukowski-Duplessy, Bénédicte Poulin-Charronnat
Research Findings: Letter name knowledge (LNK) is essential for a good start in learning to read. However, the literature shows conflicting results. Using an associative learning theory framework, ...
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Correction Early Education and Development (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-08-24
Published in Early Education and Development (Vol. 34, No. 8, 2023)
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Embedding a Parenting Skills Program in Public PreK: Outcomes of a Quasi-Experimental Mixed Methods Study Early Education and Development (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-08-20 Amie F. Bettencourt, Deborah Gross, Natalie Schock, Rebecca Ferro, Nancy Perrin
This sequential mixed methods study evaluated the impact of the Chicago Parent Program (CPP) in 12 Baltimore Title I PreK programs on parent engagement and student outcomes from kindergarten throug...
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Preschool Classroom Age Composition and Physical Literacy Environment: Influence on Children’s Emergent Literacy Outcomes Early Education and Development (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-08-20 Qingqing Yang, Kathryn Zimmermann, Caroline P. Bartholomew, Kelly M. Purtell, Arya Ansari
Research Findings: The classroom physical literacy environment is a malleable and domain-specific contributor to children’s emergent literacy acquisition. However, what shapes the physical literacy...
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The Role of State Subsidy Policies in Early Education Programs’ Decisions to Accept Subsidies: Evidence from Nationally Representative Data Early Education and Development (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-08-07 Gerilyn Slicker, Christina Areizaga Barbieri, Jason T. Hustedt
Research Findings: Families need access to early care and education programs, both to ensure parents’ ability to work and support children’s development. Subsidies through the Child Care and Develo...
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Correlates of Early Handwriting: Differential Patterns for Girls and Boys Early Education and Development (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-08-07 Michelle N. Maurer
Research Findings: Fluent and legible handwriting is associated with longer texts and higher text quality and is therefore an important goal in the primary school curriculum. While girls’ handwriti...