Guava, Psidium guajava L., is one of the most produced fruit trees in tropical and subtropical regions but the presence of Meloidogyne enterelobii Yang & Eisenback (Order: Tylenchida, Family: Heteroderidae) in orchards reduces fruit productivity by up to 65%, justifying integrated management programs constantly searching for methods for its efficient and sustainable control. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the potential of chemical, biological, and resistance induction control methods to reduce the variables associated with M. enterelobii in guava orchards. This study was conducted in two areas with guava trees (cv. Paluma) naturally infested with M. enterelobii populations. Commercial doses of products based on Trichoderma harzianum (TRI), Ascophyllum nodosum + potassium hydroxide (EG), and fluensulfone (NI) were applied alone and in interactions in seven treatments + control. Soil and root samples from each treatment were collected monthly and the number of M. entorolobiieggs and individuals and normalized difference vegetation indices were quantified. Analyses conducted on R found that the joint use of TRI + EG reduced M. entorolobii by up to 50% at the soil level, further decreasing reproduction factors and that TRI obtained a 59% reduction at the soil level. Treatments with EG showed higher average productions. These results justify the importance of alternative methods and their possible association with chemicals to manage guava root-knot nematodes.

中文翻译：

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不同治理方法作用下番石榴根结线虫的时间动态


番石榴，Psidium guajava L.，是热带和亚热带地区产量最高的果树之一，但是在果园中存在Meloidogyne enterelobii Yang & Eisenback（目：Tylenchida，科：Heteroderidae）将水果生产力降低了高达65%，证明了综合管理程序不断寻找其高效和可持续控制的方法的合理性。因此，本研究旨在调查化学、生物和抗性诱导控制方法在减少番石榴果园中与 M. enterelobii 相关的变量的潜力。这项研究是在两个番石榴树 （cv. Paluma） 自然受到 M. enterelobii 种群侵扰的地区进行的。基于哈茨木霉 （TRI）、泡叶菌 + 氢氧化钾 （EG） 和氟砜 （NI） 的产品在七种处理 + 对照中单独使用和相互作用施用。每月收集来自每个处理的土壤和根样品，并量化 M. entorolobiieggs 和个体的数量以及标准化的差异植被指数。对 R 进行的分析发现，联合使用 TRI + EG 在土壤水平上减少了高达 50% 的内窥分枝杆菌，进一步降低了繁殖因子，而 TRI 在土壤水平上减少了 59%。EG 处理显示更高的平均产量。这些结果证明了替代方法的重要性及其与管理番石榴根结线虫的化学品的可能关联。