Plant-derived phenylpropanoids are semiochemicals that are often highly attractive to Bactrocera (Diptera: Tephritidae) males. One of these semiochemicals, methyl eugenol (ME), is used in the male annihilation technique (MAT) for the management of B. dorsalis (Hendel), a destructive horticultural pest. It is not normally viable to simultaneously implement MAT with the sterile insect technique (SIT), as released sterile males are attracted to MAT devices. However, prior semiochemical exposure can reduce the later response of Bactrocera males to the same or another semiochemical, which may allow the synchronous application of MAT and SIT. We determined how the interaction between semiochemical pre-feeding, weather, and fly physiology impacted the response of male B. dorsalis to ME baited traps. Response by a known number of males in field cages was determined in relation to temperature, relative humidity, semiochemical pre-feeding (ME, eugenol, or none), diet (protein supplemented and protein deprived) and age (4, 10 and 20 days old). Semiochemical pre-feeding of both ME and eugenol equally decreased the response of males that were 10 days old, or older, to ME baited traps. Adult diet had no effect on the response of males to ME baited traps. Response improved as temperature and relative humidity increased. These results highlight the feasibility of synchronous MAT-SIT programmes targeting B. dorsalis and the viability of continued protein supplementation of sterile males. We show that eugenol is an alternative to ME for suppression of male B. dorsalis response to MAT devices and that weather conditions significantly affect the variability and reliability of abundance estimates from trap captures.

中文翻译：

---

半化学前取食、生理状态和天气对 Bactrocera dorsalis 对甲基丁香酚诱饵陷阱响应的影响


植物来源的苯丙烷类化合物是半化学物质，通常对 Bactrocera（双翅目：Tephritidae）雄性极具吸引力。其中一种半化学物质甲基丁香酚 （ME） 用于雄性歼灭技术 （MAT），用于管理破坏性园艺害虫 B. dorsalis （Hendel）。通常将 MAT 与不育昆虫技术 （SIT） 同时实施是不可行的，因为释放的不育雄性会被 MAT 装置所吸引。然而，先前的半化学暴露可以减少 Bactrocera 雄性对相同或其他半化学的后期反应，这可能允许 MAT 和 SIT 的同步应用。我们确定了半化学预喂食、天气和苍蝇生理学之间的相互作用如何影响雄性 B. dorsalis 对 ME 诱饵陷阱的反应。根据温度、相对湿度、半化学前喂养（ME、丁香酚或无）、饮食（补充蛋白质和剥夺蛋白质）和年龄（4、10 和 20 天大）确定已知数量的雄性在田间网箱中的反应。ME 和丁香酚的半化学预喂食同样降低了 10 天或以上的雄性对 ME 诱饵陷阱的反应。成虫饮食对雄性对 ME 诱饵陷阱的反应没有影响。随着温度和相对湿度的增加，响应得到改善。这些结果强调了针对 B. dorsalis 的同步 MAT-SIT 计划的可行性以及不育雄性持续补充蛋白质的可行性。我们表明丁香酚是 ME 的替代品，用于抑制雄性 B. dorsalis 对 MAT 装置的反应，并且天气条件显着影响陷阱捕获丰度估计的可变性和可靠性。