Meloidogyne enterolobii can reduce yield and quality of chickpea. Thus far, no resistant cultivars have been reported. Hence, a study was carried out to evaluate the relative performance of biological products for the management of M. enterolobii on chickpea. Greenhouse experiments were conducted with ten treatments (five formulations of antagonistic fungi and bacteria applied either individually or in mixtures) and four controls (non-inoculated and inoculated chickpea and tomato plants). Each plant was inoculated with 4000 eggs and second-stage M. enterolobii juveniles (J2). Evaluation was done 60 days after inoculation for gall index, number of eggs per gram of roots, reproduction factor (RF), plant height, shoot, and root weight. None of the treatments fully suppressed infection. However, a subset of formulation mixtures displayed significant reduction in the levels of damage when compared to the untreated check. The treatments with best performance were [Purpureocillium lilacinum + Trichoderma harzanium] (57–74% reduction) and [Pochonia chlamydosporia + P. lilacinum + Bacillus amyloliquefaciens + B. pumilus + B. subtilis] (58–65% reduction), whereas [P. chlamydosporia + P. lilacinum + T. harzanium] and [B. amyloliquefaciens + B. pumilus + B. subtilis + T. harzanium] displayed the lowest levels of suppression (0–42%). Higher plant height and fresh shoot weight were observed with [P. chlamydosporia + P. lilacinum + B. amyloliquefaciens + B. pumilus + B. subtilis]. Hence, considering the low efficiency of the currently available management methods, the employment of these microbiological products might help to reduce the negative impacts of M. enterolobii in infested fields.

中文翻译：

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生物制剂管理鹰嘴豆 （Cicer arietinum） 中 Meloidogyne enterolobii 的比较性能


Meloidogyne enterolobii 可降低鹰嘴豆的产量和质量。到目前为止，还没有关于抗性栽培品种的报道。因此，进行了一项研究来评估生物制品对鹰嘴豆上肠分枝杆菌的管理相对性能。用 10 个处理（单独或混合施用的 5 种拮抗真菌和细菌制剂）和 4 个对照（未接种和接种的鹰嘴豆和番茄植株）进行温室试验。每株植物接种 4000 个卵和第二阶段肠分枝杆菌幼体 （J2）。接种后 60 天对瘿指数、每克根的卵数、繁殖因子 （RF）、株高、芽和根重进行评估。没有一种治疗方法能完全抑制感染。然而，与未处理的检查相比，一部分配方混合物的损伤水平显著降低。表现最好的处理是 [紫霉菌 + 哈扎木霉]（减少 57-74%）和 [Pochonia chlamydosporia + P. lilacinum + Bacillus amyloliquefaciens + B. pumilus + B. subtilis]（减少 58-65%），而 [P. chlamydosporia + P. lilacinum + T. harzanium] 和 [B. amyloliquefaciens + B. pumilus + B. subtilis + T. harzanium] 显示出最低的抑制水平 （0-42%）。[P. chlamydosporia + P. lilacinum + B. amyloliquefaciens + B. pumilus + B. subtilis] 观察到更高的株高和鲜芽重量。因此，考虑到目前可用的管理方法效率低下，使用这些微生物产品可能有助于减少肠分枝杆菌对受侵染田的负面影响。