Wood is widely used in home, construction and other fields, but the problems of easy corrosion of wood, poor flame retardant, low hardness limit the scope of use of wood. Therefore, in this study, we prepared the coating by a simple one-pot sol-gel method, modified silicate (water glass) by introducing green non-toxic organic polymer with sodium silicate solution (water glass) as the base material, and used polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and aminopropyl double-ended polydimethylsiloxane (2NH₂-PDMS) as the modifier. Triton X-100 as dispersant and ethyl acetate as curing agent were used to prepare three-dimensional crosslinked network structure (C-O-Si-OH-NH₂) sodium silicate composite coating. When exposed to flame, the non-combustible carbon layer formed by the three-dimensional network crosslinked structural coating can act as a strong fire barrier for the substrate, and the flame-retardant performance is far better than other coatings. The resulting coating LOI value exceeds 95 %, and cone calorimetry results show that, compared to uncoated wood, sodium silicate composite coating, the peak heat release rate (PHRR), total heat release rate (THR), smoke emission rate (SPR), total smoke emission rate (TSR) and CO₂ production rate were decreased by 96.6 %, 46.7 %, 96.2 %, 47.1 % and 91.7 %, respectively, and TTI was extended by 252 seconds. In addition, the gel rate (water resistance) of the silicate composite coating increased from 0 % to 61 %, flexibility changes from the curvature radius R>7.5 mm to R=5 mm, the hardness reached 5 H, and the brightness (L*) of the wood coating reached 75. From the above results, by overcoming the shortcomings of traditional sodium silicate coating in water resistance and poor flexibility, this paper innovates a water-resistant, flexible and expandable flame-retardant coating, which provides a new idea for further research on the design and manufacture of a new type of highly efficient, environmentally friendly, transparent and colorless water-resistant flexible and expandable flame-retardant sodium silicate coating.

中文翻译：

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防水、透明、高效的阻燃木器涂料


木材广泛应用于家居、建筑等领域，但木材易腐蚀、阻燃性差、硬度低等问题限制了木材的使用范围。因此，本研究采用简单的一锅溶胶-凝胶法制备涂层，以硅酸钠溶液（水玻璃）为基材，引入绿色无毒有机聚合物改性硅酸盐（水玻璃），并使用聚乙烯醇（PVA）和氨丙基双端聚二甲基硅氧烷（2NH_2-PDMS）作为改性剂。以 Triton X-100 为分散剂，以乙酸乙酯为固化剂，制备三维交联网络结构 （C-O-SI-OH-NH₂） 硅酸钠复合涂料。当遇火焰时，由三维网络交联结构涂层形成的不燃碳层可以作为基材的强力防火屏障，阻燃性能远优于其他涂料。所得涂料LOI值超过95 %，锥形量热结果表明，与无涂层木材相比，硅酸钠复合涂料的峰值热释放率（PHRR）、总热释放率（THR）、烟雾排放率（SPR）、总烟雾排放率（TSR）和_CO2产生率分别降低了96.6 %、46.7 %、96.2 %、47.1 %和91.7 %。 TTI 延长了 252 秒。此外，硅酸盐复合涂层的凝胶速率（耐水性）从 0 % 增加到 61 %，柔韧性半径从 R>7.5 mm 变为 R=5 mm，硬度达到 5 H，木器涂料的亮度 （L*） 达到 75。 从以上结果来看，本文克服了传统硅酸钠涂料耐水性强、柔韧性差的缺点，创新了一种耐水、柔韧、可延展的阻燃涂料，为进一步研究设计和制造一种新型高效、环保、透明、无色的耐水性柔性可膨胀阻燃硅酸钠涂料提供了新的思路。