The primary factors limiting the yield of late-sown rapeseed are poor germination, restricted seedling growth and weak cold resistance of seedlings. Seed pelletization is known for its convenience of carrying functional agents to improve seed germination and growth, but little research has been reported on late-sown rapeseed pelletization. Therefore, the rapeseed Huayouza-137 was used to pelletize with biochar and functional agents including 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA), abscisic acid (ABA), salicylic acid (SA) and trehalose (Tre). Then these seeds were subjected to low-temperature incubator tests and 2-years late-sowing field experiment to study the effects on germination, seedling growth, cold resistance and yield. The results showed that: (1) Compared to the control, the highest yield was observed in Tre1 (DSR=1:50), which increased by 9.75 % in 2021–2022 and 5.88 % in 2022–2023. The 6-BA3 (DSR=1:300), ABA3 (DSR=1:150), SA3 (DSR=1:150) increased yield by 2.75 % ∼ 9.01 % in two growing season. (2) The 6-BA3, ABA3, SA3, Tre1 showed significant improvement in emergence and germination and the relative growth rate of seedlings was significantly higher. (3) Compared with TX0, the pelletizing treatments (6-BA3, ABA3, SA3, Tre1) significantly increased osmoregulatory capacity and enzymatic antioxidant capacity, and reduced membrane lipid damage and reactive oxygen species damage in seedlings during overwintering. (4) The redundancy analysis and correlation network analysis revealed the late-sown rapeseed yield was significantly and positively correlated with the relative growth rate and the cold resistance of seedlings during the overwintering. Overall, this study provides a innovative approach to improve late-sown rapeseed yield by biochar-based seed pelletizing.

中文翻译：

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生物炭基球粒化种子通过提高幼苗的相对生长速率和抗寒性提高晚播油菜籽产量


限制晚播油菜产量的主要因素是发芽不良、幼苗生长受限和幼苗抗寒性弱。种子丸粒化以其方便携带功能性试剂以改善种子发芽和生长而闻名，但关于晚播油菜籽丸粒化的研究很少。因此，使用油菜籽华油草-137 与生物炭和功能性试剂造粒，包括 6-苄氨基嘌呤 （6-BA）、脱落酸 （ABA）、水杨酸 （SA） 和海藻糖 （Tre）。然后，对这些种子进行低温培养试验和 2 年晚播田间试验，研究对发芽、幼苗生长、抗寒性和产量的影响。结果表明：（1） 与对照相比，Tre1 的产量最高 （DSR=1：50），2021-2022 年增长了 9.75%，2022-2023 年增长了 5.88%。6-BA3 （DSR=1：300）、ABA3 （DSR=1：150）、SA3 （DSR=1：150） 在两个生长季中提高了 2.75 % ∼ 9.01 % 的产量。（2） 6-BA3、ABA3、SA3、Tre1 的出苗率和发芽率均表现出显著改善，幼苗的相对生长速率显著升高。（3） 与 TX0 相比，造粒处理 （6-BA3、ABA3、SA3、Tre1） 显著提高了幼苗越冬过程中的渗透调节能力和酶抗氧化能力，减少了膜脂损伤和活性氧损伤。（4）冗余分析和相关网络分析显示，晚播油菜籽产量与越冬期间幼苗的相对生长速率和抗寒性呈显著正相关。总体而言，本研究提供了一种通过基于生物炭的种子造粒来提高晚播油菜籽产量的创新方法。