To fully understand the sprinkler irrigation-crop-soil continuum, prevent sprinkler erosion, and ensure good development of sprinkler technology, it is essential to characterize the spatiotemporal variability of physical parameters and the splash erosion potential of sprinkler water droplets. The influences of maize canopy and sprinkler characteristics on the spatiotemporal distribution patterns of throughfall, droplet physical parameters, and splash erosion potential were investigated using a 2D-Video-Distrometer. The results showed that MC negatively affected throughfall generation. Irrigation characteristics could not fundamentally reverse the influence of MC on the sprinkler water distribution evenness. Compared to the early stages, the large throughfall at the later stages occurred near the stem base. MC reduced the KEV and SER of sprinkler water droplets. Dripping drops generated on maize leaves caused splash erosion. The SDP laws of KEV and SER of throughfall droplets were basically the same. Contrary to others, the DD of throughfall increased concomitant with the application of sprinkler droplets of 1.48 mm. MC positively influenced the CV of the DD of sprinkler water. Changes in the volume proportions of dripping drops and inadequately breaking droplets resulted in the SDP of the DD of throughfall. The percentages of the Veq of throughfall droplets at different growth stages were 86.81 %, 77.06 %, 55.08 %, and 51.48 %, respectively. Only treatments of 1.48 mm increased the Veq of throughfall droplets. MC and DD affected the distribution heterogeneity of the Veq of throughfall droplets. Differences in the Veqs of large droplets were responsible for the SDP of the velocities of throughfall droplets. Only treatments with small droplets significantly reduced the number of throughfall droplets. And the number of throughfall droplets characterized a SDP with greater values the farther from the stem, whereas others were opposite. The results will provide theoretical and applied implications for diversifying the sprinkler-crop-soil continuum and elucidate the involvement of sprinkler irrigation in the hydrogeochemical cycle of agricultural land.

中文翻译：

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探究玉米冠层对喷灌液滴飞溅侵蚀率决定因素时空分布异质性的影响


为了充分了解喷灌-作物-土壤连续体，防止喷灌系统侵蚀，并确保喷灌技术的良好发展，必须表征物理参数的时空变化和喷灌系统水滴的飞溅侵蚀潜力。使用 2D-Video-Distrometer 研究了玉米冠层和洒水器特性对贯雨时空分布模式、液滴物理参数和飞溅侵蚀潜力的影响。结果表明，MC 对整个秋季产生产生负面影响。灌溉特性不能从根本上逆转 MC 对喷头水分配均匀度的影响。与早期相比，后期的大贯穿发生在茎基部附近。MC 降低了喷头水滴的 KEV 和 SER。玉米叶子上产生的滴落液滴会导致飞溅侵蚀。KEV 的 SDP 定律和贯穿式飞沫的 SER 基本相同。与其他人相反，贯穿雨的 DD 随着 1.48 毫米喷头液滴的应用而增加。MC 对喷头水 DD 的 CV 产生积极影响。滴落液滴和未充分破碎液滴的体积比例的变化导致贯穿性液滴 DD 的 SDP。不同生育期贯穿性液滴的 Veq 百分比分别为 86.81 % 、 77.06 % 、 55.08 % 和 51.48 %。只有 1.48 mm 的处理增加了穿透性液滴的 Veq。MC 和 DD 影响了穿透性液滴 Veq 的分布异质性。大液滴 Veqs 的差异是导致穿透性液滴速度 SDP 的原因。 只有小液滴的处理才能显著减少穿透性液滴的数量。贯穿性液滴的数量表征了 SDP，离茎越远，其值越大，而其他则相反。结果将为喷灌-作物-土壤连续体的多样化提供理论和应用启示，并阐明喷灌在农田水文地球化学循环中的参与。