Engagement in healthy and unhealthy lifestyle behaviours are related to a range of mental health outcomes. Most existing research has focussed on individual lifestyle behaviours, so it is not clear the extent to which clusters of healthy lifestyle behaviours relate to mental health outcomes. Therefore, this study aimed to systematically review and quantitatively synthesise research which have examined

Dispositional mindfulness and mindfulness-based interventions have been linked to emotion regulation and may reduce anger and aggression. The present set of four meta-analyses examined and quantified correlational relationships between trait mindfulness, trait anger, and trait aggression, as well as the effects of experimental mindfulness-based interventions on anger and aggression. These meta-analyses

McIntyre et al. (2024) conducted a systematic review of mental imagery measures in emotional disorders using the COSMIN framework. While their work is a valuable contribution, several methodological issues raise concerns about the validity of their conclusions. This commentary discusses three key issues: (1) potential misinterpretation of scale construct definitions, (2) inconsistencies in study selection

Extinction learning refers to a reduction in fear to a conditioned stimulus (CS) that previously signaled a threat, but now occurs without the expected threat. This mechanism is core to exposure-based treatments for anxiety-related disorders. Enhancing the generalization of extinction learning is crucial for improving treatment outcomes, as it helps reduce fear across a range of generalization stimuli

The efficacy of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) treatments might be hampered by individual differences. In order to maximize treatment efficacy in existing and newly developed interventions, controlling for individual variables is essential in treatment research. Given the marked physiological correlates of PTSD, biomarkers represent a promising solution. Throughout the PTSD literature, biomarkers

The use of medicinal cannabis to improve mental health is increasing globally, both in clinical settings and through self-medication. This involves a variety of products containing ∆9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), cannabidiol (CBD), THC + CBD combinations, or derivatives. This review provides an up-to-date overview of the positive and negative effects of medicinal cannabis on mental health diagnoses

Serious parental physical or mental illness significantly increases the risk of adverse adjustment outcomes in adolescents and young adults. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluates the efficacy of psychosocial interventions targeting this vulnerable group. Eligible randomized control trials (RCTs) were searched through the Medline, Web of Science, PsycINFO, PsycArticles, Cinahl, and ProQuest

Interpersonal problems are a fundamental feature of depression, but study-level meta-analyses of their association with treatment outcome have been limited by heterogeneity in primary studies' analyses and reported results. We conducted a pre-registered individual participant data meta-analysis (IPD-MA) to examine this relationship for adult depression. This meta-analytic strategy can reduce variability

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with estimated worldwide prevalence of 7.2 % in children and adolescents. Comorbidity of psychiatric disorders is considered common in ADHD and has been found to contribute to poorer prognosis. Despite decades of research, the actual prevalence of comorbid psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents with ADHD is

Parents and youth often adjust to new cultures at differing rates, resulting in parent-child acculturation gaps. The acculturation-gap distress hypothesis theorizes that these differences may negatively impact the child, parent, and family; however, findings remain inconsistent. In this systematic review, we provide an up-to-date synthesis of existing research on the parent-child acculturation gap

Individuals with ADHD may experience puberty differently from their peers, which has implications for their health and wellbeing. This scoping review characterised and summarised literature reporting quantitative analyses of puberty and ADHD. To identify studies, nine databases (MEDLINE Complete, Web of Science, Embase, PsycInfo, ERIC, CENTRAL, PsycExtra, WHO ICTRP, and ProQuest Dissertations & Theses)

The severity and impact of pain can vary greatly, even in individuals with the same physical injury. This variation underscores the need for a variety of treatment strategies in effective pain management. Virtual reality (VR) is an emerging technology that has been used as a treatment in diverse pain populations and for diverse indications. In recent decades, many trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses

Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) stands as a valuable method to capture real-time data on individuals' daily experiences and behaviors. In recent years, the utilization of EMA as a measurement method has substantially increased with the majority of studies emphasizing its clinical utility. However, a comprehensive overview of its use in psychotherapy research is lacking. This study addresses that

Developmental trauma (DT), defined as abuse or neglect before age 18, is linked with elevated risk and poorer outcomes in psychosis. This systematic review aimed to elucidate the relationship between DT and dissociation in psychosis and discern the potential mediating role of dissociation in the link between DT and psychotic manifestations. Our study protocol was pre-registered with PROSPERO (CRD42022330026)

Individuals with intersecting marginalized identities experience body image and eating pathology at disproportionately high rates. To date, research in this area has been limited by an absence of overarching and guiding frameworks to support hypothesis-driven research and interpretation of the findings. This constitutes an important barrier to the development of theoretically grounded intervention

Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is an effective treatment for the range of anxiety disorders as demonstrated in many randomized controlled trials (RCTs) conducted over the past 30 years.

Cognitive biases have been implicated in the etiology and maintenance of depression and anxiety, but their utility in predicting future symptoms remains debated. This meta-analysis aimed to estimate the overall effect size of their predictive effects and to identify moderators relevant to theory and methodology. The study protocol was pre-registered on PROSPERO (record number: CRD42021232236). Searches

Awareness is growing that gambling harm can affect social networks, including family members and friends. This scoping review broadly aimed to examine contemporary research on gambling harm to adult affected others, covering prevalence, socio-demographic profiles, gambling profiles, and harm (Part I); and coping strategies, assessment, and treatment (Part II). A systematic search of electronic databases

Elevated mortality rates have been reported in individuals with eating disorders (EDs). However, no meta-analysis in the past decade has provided an updated, comprehensive synthesis of mortality across all ED diagnoses while exploring potential moderating factors. We conducted a systematic search in four databases (PsycINFO, MEDLINE, Embase and Web of Science) from 2010 to 29 Oct 2024. Studies that

Involuntary autobiographical memories are memories of personal events that come to mind with no preceding retrieval attempts. They have been studied broadly in autobiographical memory for decades and shown to be common and mostly positive in everyday life. Clinical literature has focused on negative intrusive memories of stressful events and tended to neglect other forms of involuntary autobiographical

Concerns persist about the potential negative impact of asking young people about their trauma experiences in a research context. Previous research on this ethical issue has focused on adult populations, and the limited evidence for young people has limitations. This systematic review synthesised empirical evidence of young people's reactions to trauma-focused research, and associated participant and

Public health definitions of gambling-related harm include risks to family members and friends. This scoping review broadly aims to identify recent research on addressing gambling harm to adult affected others, focusing on prevalence, socio-demographic profiles, gambling profiles, and harm (Part I); and coping strategies, assessment, and treatment (Part II). A systematic search of electronic databases

This article presents a metamorphic model to describe the manifold role of narrative identity, a person's internal life story, across the course of mental illness and personal recovery. First, early adversity and negative co-authoring may contribute to the development of a fragile life story, which itself may combine with life stressors to increase the likelihood of mental illness. Second, mental illness

Prognostic awareness (PA) has an important role in promoting informed care planning in cancer patients. However, studies in the literature showed discordant results regarding the impact of PA on psychological and quality of life outcomes. The present systematic review aimed to investigate the associations between PA with anxiety, depression, and quality of life in oncological patients according to

Previous studies have indicated wide variation in the effectiveness of cognitive and behaviour therapies (CBTs) for preventing and treating anxiety disorders in children and adolescents, indicating the presence of moderators influencing outcomes. This meta-analysis investigated whether sample characteristics (child age, child baseline anxiety levels, parental baseline anxiety levels) and intervention

For people with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), the concept of being ‘ready’ for trauma-focused therapy (TFT) has emerged from research as an important factor in initiation and completion of therapy. Lack of readiness of individual service users has been proposed as a reason for poor uptake of TFT in large implementation programs. However, there has been almost no investigation of what constitutes

Veterans with histories of criminal-legal system involvement are considered high-priority within Veterans Health Administration (VHA) and criminal-legal settings. Over several decades, a large literature has accumulated to study these Veterans' needs. To consolidate findings, this meta-analysis provides aggregated prevalence estimates of common mental health conditions, substance use disorders, suicidal

Although system justification—believing that the societal status quo is legitimate and desirable—is positively associated with subjective well-being and mental health outcomes for members of advantaged groups, the picture is more complicated for members of disadvantaged minority groups. According to system justification theory, believing that the social system is legitimate and desirable is a way of

As developers and practitioners translate parenting interventions from research to practice, significant heterogeneity in provider fidelity and parent engagement with the program has contributed to observed declines in intervention effectiveness. Despite this, empirical investigations of the relationship between provider fidelity, parent engagement, and intervention outcomes are scarce and those that

Murphy and Hall (2024) present two criticisms of our review of construct validity evidence reporting practices for the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET; Higgins, Kaplan, Deschrijver, & Ross, 2024). Namely, they argue that we conflated poor reporting practices with poor validity and that our conclusions about the validity of RMET scores relied too heavily on structural validity evidence at the

Functional Somatic Disorders (FSD) is an umbrella term for various conditions characterized by persistent and troublesome physical symptoms, that are not better explained by other psychiatric or somatic conditions. Personality traits may play a crucial role in FSD, but the link is not fully understood. This study presents a systematic review and meta-analysis examines the relationship between the Five-Factor

Critical reviews of a test's measurement validity are valuable scientific contributions, yet even strong reviews can be undermined by subtle problems in how evidence is compiled and presented to readers. First, if discussions of poor reporting practices by a test's users are interwoven with discussions about validity support for the test itself, readers can be inadvertently misled into impressions

Many cancer patients experience psychological distress and/or poor quality of life during or after their cancer treatment, yet they face multiple barriers to accessing psychological support. Digital psychological interventions represent a promising approach for addressing these barriers, however their comparative effectiveness remains uncertain.

Negative self-perceptions are implicated in the development and maintenance of depression in young people, but little is known about their receptiveness to change in response to treatment. This paper reports on a pre-registered meta-analysis examining the extent to which treatments for depression in young people aged 11–24 result in changes to self-perceptions. Controlled treatment trials examining

Although the short-term efficacy of internet-delivered cognitive-behavioral therapy (i-CBT) is well-established, its long-term efficacy remains understudied. Robust variance estimation meta-analysis was thus conducted across guided and self-guided i-CBT, synthesizing data from 154 randomized controlled trials (N = 45,335) with ≥ 12-month follow-ups. For binary outcomes, guided (52.3% vs. 38.6%; log-risk

Conditioned pain modulation (CPM) is a psychophysical experimental measure of endogenous pain inhibition in humans. Within this paradigm, one noxious stimulus, the conditioning stimulus (CS), reduces the pain perception from another heterotopic noxious stimulus, the test stimulus (TS). Cognitive processes are known to influence pain perception and might impact the underlying mechanisms of CPM. This

Stress is a significant mental health concern for the general population, highlighting the need for effective and scalable solutions, such as mobile health (mHealth) app interventions. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the effects of mHealth apps designed primarily to reduce stress and distress in non-clinical and subclinical populations. A comprehensive literature search

Individuals with dissociative identity disorder (DID) often report an inability to retrieve memories associated with other identities, termed inter-identity amnesia (IIA). Research investigating IIA has amassed, and interest surrounds whether objective deficits in retrieval mechanisms necessarily underlie the experience of IIA. This study conducted a systematic literature review with meta-analyses

The space surrounding the body, and the regulation of this buffer zone play a central role in adaptive behavior, with direct implications for psychopathology. The physical distance that we choose to maintain between ourselves and others for social comfort is known as Interpersonal Distance (IPD), whereas the action space that marks the perceptual border between the self and the external world is known

There is evidence to suggest that sensory processing differences (SPDs) to external stimuli are a plausible underlying mechanism for mental health problems among autistic people. In the current systematic review, we examined the associations between, on the one hand, eleven types of SPDs and, on the other hand, internalising and externalising problems. The literature search was conducted on five databases

We conducted a systematic review of pain assessment tools suitable for community-dwelling older adults. For this work, we conceptualized existing psychometric tools as falling under the following domains: a) pain intensity/characteristics; b) pain-related interference/disability; c) coping strategies; d) pain beliefs/attitudes/cognitions; e) pain-related fear and anxiety; and f) pain-specific emotional

Individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders often face persistent challenges in social interaction and engage in repetitive and stereotyped behaviors. Parenting a child with autism can profoundly affect parents both physically and psychologically, potentially leading to negative impacts on their mental health. This study employs a network meta-analysis methodology to evaluate the comparative

The degree to which numerous existing models of delusion formation disagree or propose common mechanisms remains unclear. To achieve a comprehensive understanding of delusion aetiology, we summarised 53 theoretical models of delusions extracted from a systematic literature search. We identified central aspects and unique or overarching features of five core perspectives: cognitive (n = 22), associative

The motor system is critical for understanding the pathophysiology and treatment of mental illness. Abnormalities in the processes that allow us to plan and execute movement in a goal-directed, context-appropriate manner (i.e., motor actions) are especially central to clinical motor research. Within this context, the NIMH Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) framework now includes a Motor Actions construct

Cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBTI) is recommended as first-line treatment for insomnia. CBT-I is a multi-component intervention comprising psychoeducation, sleep restriction, stimulus control, cognitive, and relaxation therapy. The relative efficacy of its components has yet to be investigated with state-of-the-art meta-analytic methods. PubMed, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, and CINAHL

Solution Focused Brief Therapy (SFBT) focuses on the strengths and resources of clients, and is assumed to achieve positive results on various psychosocial outcomes. This meta-analysis is an extension of previous meta-analyses on SFBT, and examines if the effectiveness of SFBT is influenced by participant, intervention, study and publication characteristics.

The aim of this umbrella review is to summarize evidence on factors that influence help-seeking and service utilization for professional mental healthcare among young people ages 0–30. The CINAHL, Cochrane, Epistemonikos, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, PubMed, and Web of Science databases were searched in December 2023 for systematic reviews in English. The search yielded 26 eligible reviews, all of which are

Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) are commonly used for cancer patients and survivors to reduce symptoms, but little is known about effects on positive health outcomes. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the effects of MBIs on positive health outcomes (mindfulness skills, self-compassion, positive affect, coping, social support, well-being, personal growth, and spirituality)

Sleep dysfunction commonly co-occurs with paranoia and is hypothesised to be a contributory causal mechanism in its development and maintenance.

The prevalence of Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID) is unclear. This paper is the first to present meta-analysis based estimates of the prevalence of ARFID, and to assess the impact of the quality of the research on these estimates.

Digital addiction (DA) has been identified as an emerging public health problem worldwide. However, the extent and direction of the association between DA and interpersonal relationships (IRs) are unknown. Does DA have adverse effects on IRs, and how credible is the evidence for this association in published analyses of real-world data? Using the PRISMA method, we conducted a meta-analysis to quantitatively

We tested the association between gender nonconformity and common mental health outcomes, including generalized anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, self-esteem, self-harm attempts, and suicide attempts using an exhaustive meta-analysis. PsycInfo, ProQuest Central, EBSCOhost, and PubMed were searched for eligible articles using either cross-sectional or longitudinal designs on 11th July 2024. A total

There is considerable research focusing on the negative outcomes of psychotherapy, however, there remains an overlooked population: those who appear to show no response after treatment. This qualitative evidence synthesis aimed to review the available literature exploring client and therapist experiences of psychotherapy nonresponse.

Growing research suggests that death anxiety may be transdiagnostic, playing a key role in the development and symptomology of psychopathology. This meta-analysis examined the relationship between death anxiety and mental illness symptoms. In total, 104 papers were included, representing cross-sectional data from 99 studies ( = 24,434), and experimental data from 11 studies ( = 1372). Meta-analyses

This study undertakes a scoping review of reviews on barriers to accessing mental health care for refugees and asylum seekers in high-income countries. By assessing mental health care access using the Levesque's conceptual framework, we identify barriers along the patient care pathway and highlight research gaps. Following PRISMA-ScR guidelines, 10 relevant systematic and scoping reviews were identified

Several systematic reviews and meta-analyses have been conducted on the risk and protective factors of youth crime. This study aims to consolidate this evidence using an umbrella review methodology. A systematic electronic search was conducted using multiple electronic databases. Strength of associations was evaluated using quantitative umbrella review criteria, and AMSTAR was used to assess the quality

LGBTQ+ patients exhibit higher rates of mental disorder relative to the general population. This is particularly concerning since deficiencies in mental health practitioners' skills and knowledge, along with negative attitudes and behaviors, are associated with a decreased likelihood of LGBTQ+ patients seeking mental healthcare services and an increased likelihood of reporting unmet mental healthcare