The production of fluorine-18 represents a strong source of neutrons. Its characteristics are of interest for the community and for further applications. The neutron spectra of secondary neutrons from the reactions of protons on a 18O-enriched water target were acquired at ten different angles with stilbene scintillation spectrometry. The absolute neutron yield from the same target was measured using

The increasing demand for effective radiation shielding materials in different sectors, including medical, nuclear, and industrial applications, has promoted exploring new approaches for optimizing material properties. Mixed alkali glasses, such as those containing B2O3, SiO2, CaO and ZnO, offer a combination of protective and transparent properties, making them promising candidates for radiation shielding

This study investigates the potential of activated charcoal derived from coconut shells as a sustainable material for absorbing and storing charges collected from scatter radiation, enabling the development of supercapacitors for green energy generation. As a byproduct of agriculture, coconut shells are presented here as an inexpensive, abundant, and innovative green resource for producing high-surface-area

TEM, electron diffraction, energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry and electron energy loss spectroscopy characterization of a multilayer composite Ag/YBa2Cu3O6+δ/LaMnO3/MgO/Y2O3/Al2O3/Hastelloy after exposure to Xe and Kr ions with energies from E ≅ 0.04 to E ≅ 0.8 MeV/nucleon was carried out. Changes in the chemical composition, morphology and sizes of linear radiation defects, tracks, in the YBa2Cu3O6+δ

Interpreting measured absorption spectroscopy data can require repeated simulations of the expected absorption spectrum to fit the data. In cases of high temperature or broadband spectra, the computational load of the spectral analysis can be expensive due to the large number of individual absorption transitions that contribute to each simulation. We present a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) Accelerated

Radiation-induced caries is the most frequent adverse reaction for patients undergoing radiation treatment for neck and head malignancies. An understanding of how radiation exposure alters tooth structure can lead to the advancement of robust and efficient restorative dentistry approaches. In this work, chemical compositions along with microstructural characteristics of radiation-induced caries-affected

The study examines the average transmittance of Gaussian beams passing through various biological tissues, taking into account the impact of turbulence, absorption, and scattering. The extended Huygens-Fresnel technique, which utilizes the power spectrum of turbulent biological tissues, is applied to determine the optical intensity at the observation point. Additionally, there are tabulated absorption

The optical constants of fiber materials are of great value in the study of the mechanism and application of radiation regulation, but the conventional methods for obtaining the optical constants of fiber materials suffer from a series of problems such as compositional differences, chemical residues, and microstructural damages, which make it difficult to obtain the optical constants of the fiber materials

The model of a special beam array called multi-cosine-Lorentz correlated (MCLC) beam is introduced, and the coherence function of a MCLC source is related to the multi-cosine function and Lorentz function. The expressions of a MCLC beam in anisotropic oceanic turbulence are derived. Based on the obtained equations, the intensity shapes of a MCLC beam with small δ will become a beam array composed of

Cellulosic materials make up a significant fraction of the current low- and intermediate-level radioactive waste. During storage and disposal, radiolytic degradation of such materials is inevitable and can occur under both oxic and anoxic conditions. In addition, the highly alkaline cementitious environment of a disposal system promotes the alkaline degradation of cellulosic materials, producing r

Energy-resolving photon-counting detectors (ERPCDs) are expected to enable novel functional diagnosis using quantitative X-ray images such as effective atomic number (Zeff) images. In this simulation study, we sought to optimize the settings related to tube voltage and energy windows.

The charge state distribution of Si projectiles with energies ranging from 1.78 to 3.93 MeV/u, and initial charge states Sip+(p=4−10), was investigated after traversing a 10 μg/cm2 carbon foil. This study was focused on determining the relevant parameters of the outgoing projectile such as the charge state distribution fraction (Fq), the mean charge state (qm), distribution width (w), and asymmetric/skewness

The present study proposes and demonstrates stable passive mode-locking in a laser operating at a wavelength of 2.0 μm by coupling a vanadium carbide MXene/polyvinyl alcohol (V2C/PVA) film, acting as a saturable absorber (SA), into the cavity of a Thulium/Holmium co-doped fiber laser (THDFL). The V2C/PVA film was successfully fabricated through a solution casting method. Initially, the V2C MXene was

Absolute cross sections for electron impact ionization and dissociation of the planetary atmospherically important molecule, methane, have been measured in a wide energy range from 350 to 8000 eV using an ion momentum imaging spectrometer. The partial ionization cross sections (PICSs) of ionic fragments CH4+, CH3+, CH2+, CH+, C+, H+ and H2+, as well as five dissociation channels are obtained. The total

Three methods for the measurement of the radon activity concentration were compared in a series of measurements in the Slovak and Czech Republics. Two methods were based on solid-state nuclear track detectors, TASTRAK (PADC) and RamaRn (LR 115), the third method was based on a semiconductor detector (Airthings Corentium Home). Seven sites were selected for comparison, the measurements were carried

We fabricated 20Li2O–20B2O3–60SiO2 glasses by the melt quenching method and doped Tb with a variety of concentrations from 0.03 to 3.0 %. The Tb-doped glasses showed several sharp emission peaks derived from Tb3+ in the photoluminescence (PL) and the thermally stimulated luminescence (TSL) spectra. The PL quantum yield decreased as the Tb concentration decreased. The PL decay times of the Tb-doped

This study investigates the impact of BaO as an additive on various radiation shielding parameters for recycled waste soda-lime silica glass (WSLSG) composites. Experimental gamma-ray attenuation measurements were performed using 137Cs and 60Co sources and BaO(x) [0.2Bi2O3-0.3ZnO-0.2B2O3-0.3SLS](1-x) glass composites (x = 0, 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04, and 0.05 mol%) with a NaI(Tl) detector. Additionally

In this work, a low-cost radiation monitoring instrumentation for measuring the environmental gamma radioactivity together with some atmospheric parameters was designed and produced. The device has been built with market available components. The detector section of the device uses a Si-PIN photo-diode as an active element. A tiny current produced from the energy deposition of gamma rays in silicon

Lithium aluminum borate materials was made ready for dosimetric uses in radiation processes. In order to enhance the structural and dosimetric qualities, varying mole concentrations of gadolinium were added to samples of lithium aluminum borate materials. High temperature solid-state technique was used in producing the lithium aluminum borate material. The characterization of the material was archived

In this study, Monte Carlo codes FLUKA and GEANT4 were used to assess the angular variation in the response of CaSO4:Dy Teflon disc based TLD badge. These badges were positioned on various ISO phantoms to simulate the angular exposures ranging from 0° to 60° for photons within the energy range of 12.3 keV to 1.25 MeV, as well as for 90Sr/90Y and 106Rh/106Ru beta sources. Plots showing the TL response

In this work, the melt-quenching process was employed to prepare a new series of B2O3–BaO–Na2O–ZnO–CaO glass systems to explore their radiation-shielding properties. The samples studied were given the following code: G1, G2, G3 and G4. The effect of BaO and ZnO on the ability of the produced glasses to attenuate radiation was studied. The addition of ZnO and BaO led to enhanced glass density. For example

Whole-body fluorodeoxyglucose F18 (18F-FDG) is the most common radiopharmaceutical use in PET/CT imaging for cancer staging. Although radiopharmaceutical for PET/CT examination has been acknowledged for its safety and efficacy, the internal dosimetry and effective dose (ED) from the examinations are rarely discussed. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate radiation ED and influencing factors of 18F-FDG

This study introduces the simulation framework THOR, which was designed to include the creation and transport of electrons and holes in pixelated semiconductors detectors used for x-ray imaging in the PENELOPE v. 2014 Monte Carlo code and its penEasy v.2015 extension. Following the simulation of radiation transport and energy deposition in the detector, the THOR code breaks down into electron-hole

In the following work we present a method for evaluating α and β indices intended for monitoring radionuclide contamination. For this purpose we used the novel μDOSE system calibrated for 3.00 g samples. Measurements were conducted for selected IAEA reference materials and for samples provided by the Central Mining Institute – National Research Institute (GIG-PIB) Katowice, Poland.

This study proposes a spectroscopic and non-invasive approach to measure the kVp of an X-ray tube using a silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) coupled to a GaGG scintillator crystal. Several experimental setups were explored to assess the feasibility and performance in measuring the kVp based on international standards IEC 61267:2005 and IEC 61676:2002. The energy spectrum was obtained through pulse height

Hydroxyapatite (HAP) bio-composites play a prominent role in addressing the reparative and replacement needs of human bone and dental tissues. Despite the suboptimal mechanical characteristics inherent in pure HAP, strength and durability enhancements have been achieved by incorporating various alloys and materials. The provided study delves into the radiation shielding and mechanical attributes of

A program called MATXCOM was developed for the calculation of x-ray/gamma-ray interaction cross-sections, the mass attenuation coefficient (MAC), linear attenuation coefficient (LAC), half and tenth value layers (HVL and TVL), mean free path (MFP), total atomic and electronic cross-sections (ACS and ECS), effective atomic number (Zeff), effective electron density (Neff), effective conductivity (Ceff)

We report the photoluminescence (PL), thermoluminescence (TL), TL kinetics, optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and thermally assisted OSL (TA-OSL) characterization of Al2O3:Mg,Y phosphor. PL studies result in the broad emission of Mg ion around 370–420 nm when excited by 330 nm wavelength. Its TL glow curve consists of two peaks at 120 and 240 °C. The TL kinetics parameters such as trap depth