Developing radiation shielding materials is a critical phenomenon for protecting people and the environment with the increment in usage of nuclear technology in today's world. With this sense, PbO/colemanite-filled rigid polyurethane foams were fabricated by one-shut free rise method, and their performances were investigated via the advanced characterization techniques such as ATR-FTIR, SEM-EDS, TGA

Spiropyrans and spirooxazines (SP) are known to undergo photochromism to form merocyanines (MC). In this study, upon pulsed electron radiolysis of SP in organic solvents, we observed the transient absorption spectra of SP radical ions in the visible wavelength region. Based on first-order kinetics in the microsecond time domain, the absorption spectra changed to different ones, which were plausibly

The present study aims to develop a thermoluminescence (TL) material for dosimeter that might potentially surpass the performance of passive dosimeters that are currently available. The study focuses on the essential TL characteristics of biochar that is rich in carbon. The main thermoluminescence (TL) dosimetric properties of commercially available biochar under exposure to X-ray photon beams from

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is a thermoplastic polyester used in the manufacture of containers and packaging. PET waste occupies one of the top positions in terms of volume among polymer waste. The radiation modification of PET is a promising method for regulating its operational and technological properties. It is assumed that irradiation of PET waste with an electron beam will facilitate its

Our research team developed a small probe to measure and analyze the environmental radiation at the sampling site for nuclear inspection. The location and activity of the radiation source are estimated using data obtained from multiple probes. In this study, Bayesian inference was applied to infer the location and activity of the radiation source. The experiments were conducted under the one-source

The neutron spectrum resulting from the interaction of protons with the materials in the cyclotron must be characterized to predict the effects of neutron activation on the various cyclotron component materials. Neutron spectrum measurements were carried out using a single moderator neutron spectrometer (SCNS) with an Au activation foil detector to analyze proton-induced effects on a natural titanium

One important matter of environmental radioactivity monitoring is the accuracy and precision of the 90Sr/90Y measurement techniques. When Cherenkov counting is carried out in coloured waters, the reduction in detection efficiency can cause significant errors in the obtained results. Two colour quench correction methods were considered in this study: the conventional SCR (Sample Channels Ratio) technique

The formation of 73Ga through natGe(n,x)73Ga reaction induced by d-T neutrons was investigated using cross-sections measured by four characteristic gamma-rays employing the weighted average method. The neutron energy and uncertainty were determined by the Q equation of reaction 3H(d,n)4He combined with the solid angle of the sample. The gamma spectrum of the activated sample was obtained by an off-line

We present an update to the Granada–Amsterdam Light Scattering Database (https://scattering.iaa.es/), which includes experimental data from both the IAA-Cosmic Dust Laboratory in Granada and the Amsterdam light scattering setup. The updated version features an expanded collection of samples and a more user-friendly interface. We have extended the size range of our mineral samples to mm-cm-sized single

In this study, we evaluated and characterized the effects of various proton irradiation energies and fluences on the electrical characteristics of SiC MOSFETs using a proton accelerator. The devices under test (DUTs) were fabricated utilizing 1.2 kV SiC MOSFET processes. To assess the impact of total ionizing dose (TID) and displacement damage (DD) on SiC MOSFETs, the DUTs were exposed to protons irradiation

In the last decades, bio-plasticizers such as epoxidized soybean oil (ESBO) have emerged as eco-friendly alternatives to traditional phthalate plasticizers in poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) compounds, owing to their non-toxic and stable properties. This study delves into the integration of ESBO as a bio-plasticizer and trimethylol propane trimethacrylate (TMPTMA) as a cross-linking agent in PVC irradiated

In this study, the effects of ion beam (proton) on the PbO/SnO2/p-Si double interfacial layer MOS Schottky diode material were studied. The parameters of the ionizing radiation detection properties and radiation resistance of using double interfacial oxide layers were analyzed in MOS Schottky diodes. In the analysis, SRIM/TRIM software code was examined theoretically and modeled using simulation. The

Ion-solid interaction leads to significant modifications in the surface and bulk of different materials. MgF2 of a rutile crystalline structure is an important optical material for a large variety of applications. The single crystals were irradiated with energetic heavy ions of various kinetic energies and fluences. After irradiation, we utilized optical spectroscopy to study the ion-induced defects

Line-shape parameters for self-broadened CO2 transitions are predicted for temperatures ranging from 296 K to 1250 K, using requantized molecular dynamics simulations (rCMDS). The line broadening coefficient, the speed dependence component and the first-order line-mixing coefficient for lines with rotational quantum number from 2 to 100, have been determined from fits of the rCMDS spectra with the

The N2-, O2, and air-broadened halfwidths of CH3CN lines in the parallel ν4 band have been calculated, along with the relaxation matrices W. These calculations employ our modified and refined versions of the Robert-Bonamy formalism and use all potential parameters from the literature without adjustments. Extensive comparisons between the predicted N2-broadened halfwidths in the qR and qP branches from

The yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) coatings with 4–6 mol.% Y2O3 content were irradiated by 6 MeV Au ions with a fluence 6.0 × 1015 ions/cm2. The cubic to monoclinic transformation of ZrO2 was identified in the Au-irradiated samples. The cavities were observed in the YSZ layer, while larger size cavities were found inside the 6YSZ layer. LBE corrosion results showed that irradiation improved the adhesion

Under a general approximation of multiple scattering paths involving small-angle scatterings interspersed with occasional large-angle scatterings, we performed Monte Carlo vector radiative transfer simulations to investigate the spatial and temporal distribution of the reduced Mueller matrix (RMM) of lidar returns from water clouds. Our findings indicate that the normalized RMM elements M̃22′ and M̃33′

LiDB is a database of molecular radiative lifetimes (Owens et al., 2023), created to aid in the modelling of radiative effects in low-temperature plasmas. Here, we report the addition of atomic radiative lifetimes to LiDB. Datasets are generated for neutral and singly-charged atomic species based on energy levels, transitions, and transition probabilities extracted from the National Institute of Standards

Our objective is to provide reliable Stark broadening data for Sn II spectral lines needed for astrophysics, plasma physics, fusion research, and different plasmas in laboratory and technology. We used the semiclassical perturbation method for the calculation of Stark broadening parameters, full widths at half intensity maximum and shifts for 44 spectral lines of singly charged tin ion (Sn II), for

This study investigated the glass density and gamma shielding capacity of xAl2O3–40SiO2–5BaO–10Bi2O3–20ZrO2-(25-x)Na2O glass system, where x = 0, 5, and 10 mol%. This glass system was synthesized and the density of the samples increased from 2.92 g/cm³ to 3.14 g/cm³ as the Al2O3 content rose from 0 to 10 mol %. The mass attenuation coefficients ranged from 0.0316 to 38.9421 cm2/g for AlSN–Zr1, 0.0315–38

As is known from the early stimulated luminescence studies, dose-response curves (DRCs) are not consistent with the curves of the dependence of the electron concentration in the traps on the irradiation dose delivered to a crystal, even for a system consisting of one trap and one recombination centre. However, for the optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) signal originating from more complex trap

In this study, we propose an innovative design for nanoporous Si thin film (NPTF) solar cell, seamlessly integrated with semiconducting (CdSe)ZnS Quantum Dots (QDs), without the need for additional metal-dielectric interfaces to attain plasmonic like effects. The intricate network of randomized nano-scaled pores within thin film creates similar enhancement, complemented by QDs inducing excitonic resonances

Turmeric is a functional ingredient commonly used in food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic products due to its health benefits and bioactivity, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer benefits. Irradiation is a common technique used to decontaminate microorganisms and extend the shelf life of spices. However, there are scientific debates over the use of irradiation in food products. This

Nuclear radiation emitted by fusion reactors, nuclear power plants, and medical establishments presents potential risks to living organisms personnel, necessitating the implementation of protective measures. To enhance radiation protection for patients workers, various materials can be utilized. Concrete, augmented with various additives, has historically acted as a shielding material. Hence, recent

Alterations in the structural composition of titanium carbide (TiC) nanocrystals induced by gamma radiation exposure were systematically investigated. A sample with an average grain size of approximately from 40 nm to 60 nm and possessing a cubic crystal structure (Fm3 m‾) was selected for the experiment. The X-ray diffraction method has been employed to analyze the changes that occurred after gamma

Scandium (Sc) radioisotopes have been attracting increasing attention in medical applications. 47Sc, which has the potential for targeted radiotherapy, is quite promising as a candidate for theranostic pairing with the β+-emitting radioisotope 43Sc or 44gSc. The excitation functions for producing 43,44m,44g,46,47Sc through (α,x) reactions on natural calcium (Ca) up to an energy of 25 MeV were experimentally

Pediatric radiography is the first line of most diagnostic examinations and an effective tool that provides important information about the patient's health status.

A silver nitrate (AgNO3) gel was developed and evaluated as a dosimeter for synchrotron X-ray-based studies in microbeam radiation therapy (MRT) and FLASH radiation therapy. The gel was irradiated at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ID17 Biomedical beamline) with a continuous X-ray spectrum in the 50–600 keV range and a dose rate of 11.6 kGy/s. The spectrophotometric response after irradiation

In this work, Mie theory is employed to study the opto-thermal response of magneto plasmonic Fe/Co/Ni@Au and Fe/Co/Ni@Ag core-shell nanostructures of different sizes in the presence of dielectric media (i.e., water) is investigated numerically. The optical and thermal characteristics from the Fe, Co, and Ni as core material with noble metal Au and Ag as coating (shell) material are susceptible to being

A comprehensive semi-classical study of the collisional line broadening and shift coefficients of C2H2 by several key perturbers (H2, He, N2, C2H2, CO, and CO2) for astronomical applications using the Complex Robert–Bonamy–Ma (CRBM) framework is presented. Following the CRBM computational protocol, the intermolecular interaction potentials are constructed from atom–atom and electrostatic interactions

Thailand Tokamak-1 (TT-1) successfully achieved its first plasma operation in early 2023. Understanding the behavior of high-energy runaway electrons (RE) during plasma discharges is crucial in TT-1 due to the potential risk of significant damage to in-vessel components. To study the RE behavior and analyze its characteristics, the LaBr3(Ce) detector was employed for measuring hard X-ray emissions

Synchrotron radiation has been used to record for the first time absolute vacuum ultraviolet photoabsorption cross-sections of trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) and chlorodifluoroacetic acid (CDFA) in the 4.5–10.8 eV energy range. In order to further our knowledge of the major electronic transitions and thus help interpret the photoabsorption data, theoretical calculations using time-dependent density functional

The circular intensity differential scattering (CIDS), which is the normalized Mueller matrix element -S14/S11, has been measured from single biological particles as a function of scattering angle. CIDS is valuable for its potential in detecting chiral particles that may include the helical structures of DNA or RNA molecules in biological samples, and as such is a potential method for detecting biological

In previous works, an electron beam source was developed that models its energy spectrum with a Lévy distribution. This source is used in BEAMnrc Monte Carlo simulation. It was benchmarked against water tank measurements for electrons delivered through an applicator collimation system, and it was found to agree with 2%/2 mm. This study uses this electron source further by investigating its ability

A mathematical method to enable absorption cross-section measurements using an optical cell with a non-uniform temperature distribution is formulated, validated and experimentally demonstrated in this study. The motivation of the proposed method is to facilitate high-temperature spectroscopic studies in the long-wavelength mid-IR region, and to offer an alternative to highly engineered optical cells

Preparation of metastable Kr atoms in the 5s[3/2]2 level via laser-induced ionization has been achieved. The temporal evolution of the intensity of Kr atomic spectral lines at 760.15 nm, 811.29 nm, and 431.96 nm was used to elucidate the production mechanisms of metastable Kr atoms. These mechanisms primarily involve two processes: the “excitation + radiation” process, dominated by multiphoton excitation

Hyperspectral absorption tomography has emerged as a promising technique for combustion diagnostics due to its rich spectral measurements. However, the non-linear and ill-posed nature of the inverse problem makes obtaining accurate results challenging. This paper proposes a novel application of a physics-informed neural network to address the non-linear inverse problem in hyperspectral absorption spectroscopy

Many biomedical applications can greatly benefit from the combination of photoluminescence and magnetic properties of non-toxic manganese-based nanomaterials and thus, it demands for synthesizing such materials in an aqueous environment. The present work reports aqueous synthesis of starch-capped manganese selenide (MnSe) nanoparticles (NPs) through a steady-state gamma irradiation route under ambient

Accurate measurement of linear energy transfer (LET) is crucial in medical physics, particularly for proton therapy dosimetry. High atomic-number (Zeff) materials such as BaFBr and low-Zeff materials such as Al2O3 and water are commonly used in dosimeters.

This study aims to investigate the structural, optical, and mechanical properties of Ce3+ doped Barium Tin Borophosphate glass for potential applications in nuclear radiation shielding. The Ce3+ Doped Barium Tin Borophosphate glass (50B2O3+20 P2O5+10TiO2+6SrCO3+4SnO+ 4BaF2+5BaCO3+1Ce2O3) was produced according to earlier research, melt quenching method. The amorphous nature of Ce3+ Doped Barium Tin

The purpose of this study was to investigate the dosimetric and radiobiological parameters of IMRT and TomoTherapy techniques to determine the best technique for the treatment of prostate cancer. Dynamic IMRT and Helical TomoTherapy (HT) radiotherapy techniques were used for the treatment planning of 10 patients with prostate cancer. Tumor Control Probability (TCP) and Normal Tissue Complication Probability

Boro-tellurite glasses in the (70-x) B2O3–5TeO2–10Bi2O3–10SrCO3–5K2CO3-xWO3 system, with varying WO3 content (x = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 mol %), were synthesized using the melt quenching technique. The effectiveness of radiation protection was assessed using the Phy-X/PSD tool across a broad energy spectrum ranging from 15 keV to 15 MeV. The results indicated that the mass attenuation coefficient (MAC)

This study is aimed to estimate the skin dose due to presence of natural radionuclides in the Multani Mitti (MM, fuller's earth). The activity concentration of natural radionuclides is measured by using Canberra's HPGe detector model GC3020. The average activity concentration levels of 238U, 232Th and 40K are found to be 47, 71 and 748 Bq kg−1 respectively which are higher than corresponding world's