The charge state distribution of Si projectiles with energies ranging from 1.78 to 3.93 MeV/u, and initial charge states Sip+(p=4−10), was investigated after traversing a 10 μg/cm2 carbon foil. This study was focused on determining the relevant parameters of the outgoing projectile such as the charge state distribution fraction (Fq), the mean charge state (qm), distribution width (w), and asymmetric/skewness parameter (s). These parameters were then compared with predictions from the Fermi gas model and ETACHA4. Notably, a significant disparity was observed between the experimental measurements and the theoretical calculations, with the latter overestimating the former. This overestimation was attributed to non-radiative electron capture (NREC) occurring at the exit surface, influenced by the wake and dynamic screening effects. Understanding and accurately determining the charge state distribution parameters hold immense importance in various scientific applications including in the field of plasma studies, these fractions of charge states are directly utilized to tackle complex problems and facilitate the detection of superheavy ions. Furthermore, these parameters play a vital role in enhancing our understanding of ion behavior, collision dynamics, and plasma characteristics. The insight observed from such parameters may be used to refine the theoretical models for accurate predictions and in planning of experiments involving ion interactions.

中文翻译：

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1.78–3.93 MeV/u 硅弹丸穿过 10 个 [公式省略] 碳箔的装药态分布


在穿过 10 μg/cm2 碳箔后，研究了能量范围为 1.78 至 3.93 MeV/u 的 Si 弹丸的电荷态分布和初始电荷态 Sip+（p=4−10）。本研究的重点是确定射出弹丸的相关参数，例如电荷态分布分数 （Fq）、平均电荷态 （qm）、分布宽度 （w） 和不对称/偏度参数 （s）。然后将这些参数与费米气体模型和 ETACHA4 的预测进行比较。值得注意的是，在实验测量和理论计算之间观察到显着差异，后者高估了前者。这种高估归因于出口表面发生的非辐射电子捕获 （NREC），受尾流和动态屏蔽效应的影响。了解和准确确定电荷态分布参数在各种科学应用中非常重要，包括在等离子体研究领域，这些电荷态组分直接用于解决复杂问题并促进超重离子的检测。此外，这些参数在增强我们对离子行为、碰撞动力学和等离子体特性的理解方面发挥着至关重要的作用。从这些参数中观察到的见解可用于改进理论模型，以实现准确预测和规划涉及离子相互作用的实验。