Developing radiation shielding materials is a critical phenomenon for protecting people and the environment with the increment in usage of nuclear technology in today's world. With this sense, PbO/colemanite-filled rigid polyurethane foams were fabricated by one-shut free rise method, and their performances were investigated via the advanced characterization techniques such as ATR-FTIR, SEM-EDS, TGA

Spiropyrans and spirooxazines (SP) are known to undergo photochromism to form merocyanines (MC). In this study, upon pulsed electron radiolysis of SP in organic solvents, we observed the transient absorption spectra of SP radical ions in the visible wavelength region. Based on first-order kinetics in the microsecond time domain, the absorption spectra changed to different ones, which were plausibly

The present study aims to develop a thermoluminescence (TL) material for dosimeter that might potentially surpass the performance of passive dosimeters that are currently available. The study focuses on the essential TL characteristics of biochar that is rich in carbon. The main thermoluminescence (TL) dosimetric properties of commercially available biochar under exposure to X-ray photon beams from

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is a thermoplastic polyester used in the manufacture of containers and packaging. PET waste occupies one of the top positions in terms of volume among polymer waste. The radiation modification of PET is a promising method for regulating its operational and technological properties. It is assumed that irradiation of PET waste with an electron beam will facilitate its

Our research team developed a small probe to measure and analyze the environmental radiation at the sampling site for nuclear inspection. The location and activity of the radiation source are estimated using data obtained from multiple probes. In this study, Bayesian inference was applied to infer the location and activity of the radiation source. The experiments were conducted under the one-source

The neutron spectrum resulting from the interaction of protons with the materials in the cyclotron must be characterized to predict the effects of neutron activation on the various cyclotron component materials. Neutron spectrum measurements were carried out using a single moderator neutron spectrometer (SCNS) with an Au activation foil detector to analyze proton-induced effects on a natural titanium

One important matter of environmental radioactivity monitoring is the accuracy and precision of the 90Sr/90Y measurement techniques. When Cherenkov counting is carried out in coloured waters, the reduction in detection efficiency can cause significant errors in the obtained results. Two colour quench correction methods were considered in this study: the conventional SCR (Sample Channels Ratio) technique

The formation of 73Ga through natGe(n,x)73Ga reaction induced by d-T neutrons was investigated using cross-sections measured by four characteristic gamma-rays employing the weighted average method. The neutron energy and uncertainty were determined by the Q equation of reaction 3H(d,n)4He combined with the solid angle of the sample. The gamma spectrum of the activated sample was obtained by an off-line

In this study, we evaluated and characterized the effects of various proton irradiation energies and fluences on the electrical characteristics of SiC MOSFETs using a proton accelerator. The devices under test (DUTs) were fabricated utilizing 1.2 kV SiC MOSFET processes. To assess the impact of total ionizing dose (TID) and displacement damage (DD) on SiC MOSFETs, the DUTs were exposed to protons irradiation

In the last decades, bio-plasticizers such as epoxidized soybean oil (ESBO) have emerged as eco-friendly alternatives to traditional phthalate plasticizers in poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) compounds, owing to their non-toxic and stable properties. This study delves into the integration of ESBO as a bio-plasticizer and trimethylol propane trimethacrylate (TMPTMA) as a cross-linking agent in PVC irradiated

In this study, the effects of ion beam (proton) on the PbO/SnO2/p-Si double interfacial layer MOS Schottky diode material were studied. The parameters of the ionizing radiation detection properties and radiation resistance of using double interfacial oxide layers were analyzed in MOS Schottky diodes. In the analysis, SRIM/TRIM software code was examined theoretically and modeled using simulation. The

Ion-solid interaction leads to significant modifications in the surface and bulk of different materials. MgF2 of a rutile crystalline structure is an important optical material for a large variety of applications. The single crystals were irradiated with energetic heavy ions of various kinetic energies and fluences. After irradiation, we utilized optical spectroscopy to study the ion-induced defects

The yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) coatings with 4–6 mol.% Y2O3 content were irradiated by 6 MeV Au ions with a fluence 6.0 × 1015 ions/cm2. The cubic to monoclinic transformation of ZrO2 was identified in the Au-irradiated samples. The cavities were observed in the YSZ layer, while larger size cavities were found inside the 6YSZ layer. LBE corrosion results showed that irradiation improved the adhesion

This study investigated the glass density and gamma shielding capacity of xAl2O3–40SiO2–5BaO–10Bi2O3–20ZrO2-(25-x)Na2O glass system, where x = 0, 5, and 10 mol%. This glass system was synthesized and the density of the samples increased from 2.92 g/cm³ to 3.14 g/cm³ as the Al2O3 content rose from 0 to 10 mol %. The mass attenuation coefficients ranged from 0.0316 to 38.9421 cm2/g for AlSN–Zr1, 0.0315–38

As is known from the early stimulated luminescence studies, dose-response curves (DRCs) are not consistent with the curves of the dependence of the electron concentration in the traps on the irradiation dose delivered to a crystal, even for a system consisting of one trap and one recombination centre. However, for the optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) signal originating from more complex trap

Turmeric is a functional ingredient commonly used in food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic products due to its health benefits and bioactivity, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer benefits. Irradiation is a common technique used to decontaminate microorganisms and extend the shelf life of spices. However, there are scientific debates over the use of irradiation in food products. This

Nuclear radiation emitted by fusion reactors, nuclear power plants, and medical establishments presents potential risks to living organisms personnel, necessitating the implementation of protective measures. To enhance radiation protection for patients workers, various materials can be utilized. Concrete, augmented with various additives, has historically acted as a shielding material. Hence, recent

Alterations in the structural composition of titanium carbide (TiC) nanocrystals induced by gamma radiation exposure were systematically investigated. A sample with an average grain size of approximately from 40 nm to 60 nm and possessing a cubic crystal structure (Fm3 m‾) was selected for the experiment. The X-ray diffraction method has been employed to analyze the changes that occurred after gamma

Scandium (Sc) radioisotopes have been attracting increasing attention in medical applications. 47Sc, which has the potential for targeted radiotherapy, is quite promising as a candidate for theranostic pairing with the β+-emitting radioisotope 43Sc or 44gSc. The excitation functions for producing 43,44m,44g,46,47Sc through (α,x) reactions on natural calcium (Ca) up to an energy of 25 MeV were experimentally

Pediatric radiography is the first line of most diagnostic examinations and an effective tool that provides important information about the patient's health status.

A silver nitrate (AgNO3) gel was developed and evaluated as a dosimeter for synchrotron X-ray-based studies in microbeam radiation therapy (MRT) and FLASH radiation therapy. The gel was irradiated at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ID17 Biomedical beamline) with a continuous X-ray spectrum in the 50–600 keV range and a dose rate of 11.6 kGy/s. The spectrophotometric response after irradiation

Thailand Tokamak-1 (TT-1) successfully achieved its first plasma operation in early 2023. Understanding the behavior of high-energy runaway electrons (RE) during plasma discharges is crucial in TT-1 due to the potential risk of significant damage to in-vessel components. To study the RE behavior and analyze its characteristics, the LaBr3(Ce) detector was employed for measuring hard X-ray emissions

In previous works, an electron beam source was developed that models its energy spectrum with a Lévy distribution. This source is used in BEAMnrc Monte Carlo simulation. It was benchmarked against water tank measurements for electrons delivered through an applicator collimation system, and it was found to agree with 2%/2 mm. This study uses this electron source further by investigating its ability

Many biomedical applications can greatly benefit from the combination of photoluminescence and magnetic properties of non-toxic manganese-based nanomaterials and thus, it demands for synthesizing such materials in an aqueous environment. The present work reports aqueous synthesis of starch-capped manganese selenide (MnSe) nanoparticles (NPs) through a steady-state gamma irradiation route under ambient

Accurate measurement of linear energy transfer (LET) is crucial in medical physics, particularly for proton therapy dosimetry. High atomic-number (Zeff) materials such as BaFBr and low-Zeff materials such as Al2O3 and water are commonly used in dosimeters.

This study aims to investigate the structural, optical, and mechanical properties of Ce3+ doped Barium Tin Borophosphate glass for potential applications in nuclear radiation shielding. The Ce3+ Doped Barium Tin Borophosphate glass (50B2O3+20 P2O5+10TiO2+6SrCO3+4SnO+ 4BaF2+5BaCO3+1Ce2O3) was produced according to earlier research, melt quenching method. The amorphous nature of Ce3+ Doped Barium Tin

The purpose of this study was to investigate the dosimetric and radiobiological parameters of IMRT and TomoTherapy techniques to determine the best technique for the treatment of prostate cancer. Dynamic IMRT and Helical TomoTherapy (HT) radiotherapy techniques were used for the treatment planning of 10 patients with prostate cancer. Tumor Control Probability (TCP) and Normal Tissue Complication Probability

Boro-tellurite glasses in the (70-x) B2O3–5TeO2–10Bi2O3–10SrCO3–5K2CO3-xWO3 system, with varying WO3 content (x = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 mol %), were synthesized using the melt quenching technique. The effectiveness of radiation protection was assessed using the Phy-X/PSD tool across a broad energy spectrum ranging from 15 keV to 15 MeV. The results indicated that the mass attenuation coefficient (MAC)

This study is aimed to estimate the skin dose due to presence of natural radionuclides in the Multani Mitti (MM, fuller's earth). The activity concentration of natural radionuclides is measured by using Canberra's HPGe detector model GC3020. The average activity concentration levels of 238U, 232Th and 40K are found to be 47, 71 and 748 Bq kg−1 respectively which are higher than corresponding world's

The continuous growth of industrial activity has led to environmental degradation, highlighting the need for alternative and environmentally friendly chemical methods for creating technological solutions for society. Green synthesis offers a promising approach for the large-scale production of materials for several applications. Herein, the synthesis of zinc oxide (ZnO) particles is proposed by a green

This study explores the influence of gamma radiation on the optical properties of PMMA composites doped with aluminum (Al) at varying concentrations. The composites were irradiated with gamma doses of 50, 100, and 200 Gy, and their optical responses were systematically analyzed using UV–Vis spectroscopy. The results reveal a pronounced dependence of both the absorption coefficient and optical band

The study explored the effect of gamma-ray irradiation on the physical, magnetic, and electrochemical properties of ZnMn2O4 synthesized by the burning method. On the physical characterization side, the study utilized multiple metrology techniques to determine the impact of radiation dosage on bond lengths, density, crystallite size, micro strain, lattice constant, and dislocation density. No irradiation

Our study investigates the influence of several doses of gamma rays on the antibacterial behavior of nanocomposite of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) doped in a blend of poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA)-Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone (PVP). AgNPs@PVA-PVP nanocomposite films were fabricated via laser ablation route, and then the synthesized films were subjected to various gamma ray's doses. X-ray diffraction (XRD) data

The point kernel integration method is commonly utilized for the analytical calculation of gamma radiation fields in the field of radiation protection and shielding design. This study introduces NPTS-PK, a program developed for rapid calculation of 3D gamma radiation fields based on the NPTS program and the point kernel integration method. Based on the geometric construction and input method of the

Environmental dose values are critical for human health in non-destructive analysis systems. The International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) has defined specific limitations for permissible dose values. This study assesses the dose distribution of a prototype analysis device utilizing Californium-252 (252Cf) radioactive material through both Monte Carlo simulations and laboratory experiments

and Purpose: FLASH radiotherapy has aroused strong interest among researchers, but how to monitor dose in real time and lack of generally accepted ion correction model are one of the challenges. This study is based on previous research work, the dosimetric verification of FLASH ionization chamber was performed using a 200 keV electron beam irradiation platform at an ultra-high dose rate. At the same

The study covers shielding properties of three promising lead-free XCr2Se4 alloys, where X represents Mn, Cu, or Ag, across a spectrum of energies between 0.02 MeV and 15 MeV. MCNP4C was employed to simulate the mass attenuation coefficient (MAC) for the three selected alloys. After being prepared using the conventional solid-state reaction method, the samples displayed densities ranging from 5.45 g cm−3to

This research aims to develop the flexible triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) using PDMS polymer as the main tribo-material and composite with dielectric rare earth oxide, lanthanum chromite compound; LaCrO3, to enhance generated charge density, before add-on its higher electrical output with gamma ray irradiation. Upon study the effect of different amounts of the loaded LaCrO3 and various doses of

Cross section data for the formation of 121,122,123,125,127Xe via proton induced reactions on 127I were critically analyzed. Three nuclear model codes (TALYS 1.9, ALICE-IPPE, and EMPIRE 3.2) were used to ensure the consistency and reliability of the experimental data. Utilizing a well-developed evaluation methodology, a recommended fit for each excitation function was obtained, based on theoretical

One of the treatment alternatives for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is transarterial chemoembolization (TACE). During this procedure, occupationally exposed individuals (OEIs) remain in the room and, therefore, are exposed to radiation. The objective of this work was to evaluate the equivalent and effective doses that OEIs received from TACE procedure of HCC. The evaluation was carried out by means

The current trend away from isotopic irradiators for the Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) means that alternative systems are required. This paper describes the dosimetric assessment of a Precision X-Ray X-Rad 320 system with an integrated chilling system (SIT Module) suitable for the irradiation of chill immobilized adult mosquitoes. This system is capable of irradiating a load volume of approximately

In this work, for the first time, lead oxide nanoparticles (PbO-NPs) were synthesized using Trigonella feonumgraecum plant seeds as a stabilizer and Pb(NO3)2 salt as a lead precursor. The results of the XRD pattern displayed the synthesized NPs have an orthorhombic crystalline structure. According to FESEM images, the NPs had a mean size of about 18.62 nm with a spherical morphology. Also, the cytotoxicity

Proton-conducting polymers play a pivotal role in clean energy technologies and various industrial applications, with a significant emphasis on enhancing energy efficiency and minimizing environmental impact. Sulfonated polyether ether ketone (SPEEK), which is renowned for its proton conductivity, has emerged as a key material in electrochemical processes, notably in proton exchange membrane (PEM)

The presented study focused on investigating the radiation shielding properties of polyester/pyrite/niobium diboride (FeSNbB) composites. Various gamma-ray shielding parameters were evaluated with help of a HPGe detector system. Theoretical and simulation results are further evaluated by WinXCOM, GEANT4 and FLUKA codes, and the obtained results are compared with experimental values in the energy region

In this study, Al–20%B4C-x%(Sm, Sm2O3) (x = 1, 3, and 5) composites were prepared using mechanical alloying to investigate their neutron shielding and mechanical properties. After pelletizing and sintering the prepared powder composites, their microstructures were characterized using X-ray diffraction, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. Hardness, density, and corrosion

In this study, several radiation shielding characteristics of Bi2O3 modified Lithium Zinc Silicate glass systems were reported using the Phy-X program. The mass attenuation coefficient (MAC) demonstrates a substantial energy dependency only at low energy range (0.284 MeV < E < 0.662 MeV), however it exhibits a slight energy dependency at high energies. It was shown that the transmission factor (TF)

In this study, we investigated the shape memory properties of a novel self-reinforced polymer composite (SRPC). Chopped Dyneema® SK76 fibers were mixed with high-density polyethylene (HDPE) resin, and samples were produced by injection molding. To allow the fibers to keep their shape and reinforce effectively, we cross-linked them with gamma irradiation (100, 200, and 300 kGy absorbed doses). In the

Phase space files can store the particle information in one or more planes of radiation particles simulated by the Monte Carlo (MC) method. The secondary calculation method based on phase space files is commonly used to improve the efficiency of MC simulations. However, it is still unclear whether phase space files are applicable for microdosimetric evaluations. In this study, voxel-type and mesh-type

Dosimetry tools play a crucial role in radiotherapy as they are essential for recording and validating intricate 3-D dose distributions. This research introduces and examines a novel acrylic acid polymer hydrogel (ACAPHG) dosimeter composition designed for 3-D dose verification and quality assurance in the context of radiotherapy treatment. A phantom made of an 80 mm diameter cylindrical glass container

The kerma-area product meter (KAP meter) is mainly used for quality assurance in medical imaging research, providing dose quality assessment or dose monitoring for patients. It can be calibrated either in the laboratory or on-site. The purpose of this study is to propose a method for calibrating the KAP meter using a plane-parallel transmission ionization chamber in the SSDLs. In the range of 50 kV–150 kV

In the present work experimentally determined differential cross sections of the reactions 10B(3He, p1,3)12C, 11B(3He, p0,1,2,3)13C and 11B(3He, d0)12C are reported. The measurements cover the 2–3 MeV energy range, for 5 detection angles of θ = 137°, 141°, 146°, 152°, 158°. A novel experimental setup was designed for this purpose and installed at the Dual Microprobe end-station of the Ruđer Bošković

To avoid fading, the readout time of the old LiMgPO4:Er in the previous study had to be taken to be at least 20 s. The readout time is up to 20 s, which not only contradicts the fast OSL readout, but also eliminates too many OSL signals per readout and is not favourable to the requirement that the OSL can be read multiple times. The primary objective of this study is to reduce readout time under conditions

Nanotechnology holds tremendous promise for advancing cancer treatment and imaging. Various nanostructures, including liposomes, polymersomes, dendrimers, carbon nanotubes, mesoporous silica nanoparticles, and metal nanoparticles, have been extensively investigated for applications such as targeted drug delivery, thermal ablation, gene therapy, MRI contrast enhancement, fluorescence imaging, theranostics

Lead Isotopes can be effectively used in nuclear medicine, 203Pb forms a theranostic pair with 212Pb whereas 201Pb→ 201Tl, facilitate the production of 201Tl via the generator system. The aim of this work was to achieve the high purity production of 203Pb and 201Tl via a cyclotron. To achieve this, several charged particle induced reactions namely 205Tl(p,3n)203Pb, 205Tl(d,4n)203Pb, 205Tl(p,5n)201Pb→201Tl

The demand for more materials for efficient shielding of radiation has been on the rise day by day due to some witnessed progress in applications of radiations in science and technology. In this research, we investigated the gamma ray shielding capacity of zinc boro-aluminosilicate (ZBASi) glass by varying concentrations of B2O3. Fundamentally, experimental and theoretical means were both adopted to

In order to identify the importance of perovskites in nuclear science, studies aimed at obtaining the radiation interaction quantities of perovskites are essential. This study computed and analyzed the gamma photon interaction parameters of CaCu3B2Re2O12 (BMn, Fe, Co, and Ni) perovskites to reveal their shielding potentials and comparative advantages against traditional shielding materials. Four samples

Hexachlorobenzene (HCB), a persistent organic pollutant (POP) and organochlorine compound (OCC), poses significant environmental and health risks due to its high stability and solubility in fats, oils, and organic solvents. This study investigates the degradation of HCB in methanol using gamma irradiation with a60Co source. A 2 × 10−4 M solution of HCB in methanol was prepared and irradiated at a dose

A simple, green approach was developed to enhance the oil adsorption capacity of waste eggshell (WES) powder using gamma irradiation, with varying doses (0–10 kGy). Relevant properties (chemical composition, functional group, particle size, pore characteristics, thermal stability, morphology, and oil adsorption) of both non-irradiated and gamma-irradiated WES powders were determined and reported. The