Bio-green hydrogen is an emerging and innovative biofuel that is gaining traction across various energy sectors as a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels. It represents a critical step toward achieving resilience, economic benefits, carbon neutrality, and exceptional sustainability. Despite its potential, hydrogen recovery is often hindered by the dense biomass feedstock. This research aims to significantly

The thermochemical transformation of biomass is necessary to obtain renewable and non-polluting energy. However, the development of models is required to overcome the discrepancy in the kinetic triplet values obtained by the model-free and model-fitting methods. The present work proposes a novel methodology for determining the kinetic triplet and the rate law based on deconvolution with Fraser Suzuki

Recently, biochar derived from various biomass sources has been used successfully as a conductive material to boost methane generation in anaerobic digestion (AD). Compared with other biomass charcoals, pinecone biochar (PBC) is characterised by large specific surface area, more oxygen functional groups, and better stability, which enables it to be more and better loaded with nanozero-valent iron (nZVI)

Biochar provides an efficient strategy for making use of biomass residues, because it has shown to be a multifunctional material in energy and environmental applications. However, the underdeveloped porosity of biochar often makes it perform below potential. Herein, a novel activation method, namely simultaneous alkali/air activation, was tested for hierarchical pore development in biochar. The enhanced

The utilization of renewable energy sources in the pyrolysis process for bio-oil production has garnered renewed attention. Solar pyrolysis presents a promising avenue for harnessing solar energy, transforming biomass energy into a portable and storable fuel. However, the formation of undesirable components necessitates upgrading bio-oil before it can be effectively employed as a fuel. In this study

Thermal processes like pyrolysis of biomass briquettes are frequently used to produce char with highly calorific value. The aim of this work was to obtain briquettes from various mixtures of peanut shells (PS) and grape pruning (GP) with different particle sizes, followed by pyrolysis of these briquettes to increase their heating value. The proximate analysis, physical and mechanical properties and

Knowledge of the industrial safety of solid fuels is crucial for risk mitigation in conventional and alternative energy generation. This study investigates the relationship between combustion propagation and flame transmission, quantified by the Brennzahl (BZ) Burning Class Number, and physicochemical properties of biomass and coals. The analysis is based on solid fuel characterisation through thermogravimetric

The condensed structure of technical lignin presents significant challenges in converting it into valuable functionalized building blocks, such as single-ring aromatics. In this study, we explored how palladium-based catalysts influence the selectivity of monoaromatics during the fast pyrolysis depolymerization of lignin. A systematic study on the influence of the pyrolysis temperature (500 < T < 700 °C)

The isomerization of xylose to xylulose is considered the most promising method for xylose utilization. The xylose isomerase (XI) gene xylA from Orpinomyces sp. ukk1 was expressed intracellularly and extracellularly in modified Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains INVSc-xylA and INVSc-SS-xylA, respectively, to enhance the synthesis of bioethanol, which is frequently utilized as a substitute for conventional

This study addresses the challenges of efficiently processing the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) through dry anaerobic digestion in a vertical plug digester under mesophilic conditions. The focus is on optimizing hydraulic retention time (HRT) and digestate recirculation (REC) to enhance system performance. During the start-up phase, a mixture of digestate from a wet biogas plant

The growing emphasis on environmental sustainability has driven a notable shift toward using nature-based materials to reduce the ecological impact of industrial and commercial activities. Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), derived from cellulose, is emerging as a promising bio-based material due to its renewability and widespread availability. Producing CMC from biomass involves crucial steps—delignification

The production of high-value carbon materials via biomass pyrolysis has gained significant attention in recent research due to its efficiency and sustainability. Unlike the resource-intensive processes for obtaining carbon materials from fossil fuels, biomass pyrolysis provides an alternative that can utilize renewable and abundant sources at lower cost. Although biomass pyrolysis often produces a

Activated char is one of the most cost-effective absorbents for low-temperature CO2 capture. Rather than disposing of corncob residues by open-air burning, this study focused on improving corncob residues through pretreatment with low-transition temperature mixtures (LTTM) of choline chloride and glycerol combined with hydrothermal carbonization before being converted to CO2 capture activated char

As a renewable and carbon-neutral energy source, straw-type biochar shows promise in replacing fossil fuels for green metallurgy. In this paper, an ammonia leaching-biochar reduction roasting-magnetic separation process was developed to achieve whole-component resource recovery of the jarosite residue. The optimum conditions for ammonia leaching included an ammonia mass fraction of 4 %, leaching temperature

Gasification is considered a promising technique for converting biomass into fuels and chemicals products. Its viability must be guaranteed when obtaining great conversion yields, gas with high calorific value and low tar content. It is also important to develop efficient equipment that work with different biomasses. Aiming to assess this potential, this paper evaluated the operational performance

This paper explores the integration of Machine Learning techniques in assessing the quality of wood chips, a key biomass source for sustainable energy production. Biomass, specifically wood chips, plays a critical role in transitioning from fossil fuels, which are the primary contributors to global carbon emissions. Traditional methods of evaluating wood chip quality, such as laboratory analysis for

Biochar, a carbon-rich material produced through the pyrolysis of biomass, has gained significant attention for its potential in sustainable agriculture, environmental management, and climate change mitigation. This review provides a comprehensive synthesis of the latest research on biochar production, characterization, and its roles in enhancing soil health and agricultural productivity, focusing

The use of plants from the Agave genus as biomass for biofuel presents great potential for energy transition due to its physiological traits and non-competitiveness with food crops. Brazil, the largest producer of sisal, presents a promising opportunity to use agave residues as substrate for anaerobic digestion. However, few studies address the potential for conversion of raw juice extracted from these

The valorization of fruit-derived residues under the biorefinery concept has been a topic of interest in the last years due to the presence of high value-added substances in their composition. However, feasible alternatives for their implementation at an industrial level are still being developed since the abundance of pectin and extractives has made its biorefining challenging compared to conventional

In the current work, green vegetable waste (lettuce leaves, Swiss chard stems, and cucumber peel) was functionalized using sulfuric acid (H2SO4) and subsequently composited with chitosan to develop a biocomposite (starting now, CHT/GVW-HS) for effectively removing methylene blue (MB) dye from water. The adsorption variables, including CHT/GVW-HS dosage (0.03–0.09 g), removal time (10–90 min), and pH

The lack of cost-effective electrocatalysts towards oxygen reduction reaction is hindering the large-scale application of promising energy conversion technologies, such as fuel cells or metal-air batteries. In this context, metal free N and S doped carbon materials have been successfully applied to oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) electrocatalysis. Heteroatom doped biochars, in particular, represent

The valorization of coyol shell (Acrocomia aculeata) lignocellulose presents significant potential for biofuel and bioproduct production yet remains underexplored. This study assessed the impact of three pretreatment methods—NaOH, NaOH/Na₂S, and EtOH—on the structural, thermal, and chemical properties of the coyol shell to enhance its utilization in biorefinery processes. Using advanced characterization

Brazil features over 196 isolated energy systems, mainly in the Amazonia, relying on diesel-fired conversion for about 96 % of their energy supply. Given diesel's cost and pollution, there's a significant potential for waste wood from sustainable forest management. This study originally assessed torrefaction (225–275 °C, 60 min) to enhance the energy density of a blend (AB) consisting of six (16.66 %)

There is a growing interest in producing valuable products from renewable materials such as biomass and CO2. One of the current challenges in this field is developing processes that can be scaled up to match the large volumes of CO2 emissions. In this study, a process is developed that consists of the simultaneous conversion of biomass and reduction of CO2 into formic acid in hydrothermal media. Experimental

Lignocellulosic biomass residues from Quebec's forests, such as branches and logging residues, can be thermochemically converted into hydrocarbons-rich renewable fuels, offering a sustainable alternative to fossil oil in transportation. Integrated Hydropyrolysis and Hydroconversion (IH2) has emerged as a promising biorefinery technology for transforming diverse biomass feedstocks into bio-oil with

Biochar, a carbon-rich material derived from lignocellulose biomass through pyrolysis, is being considered for lithium-ion battery (LIB) applications due to its sustainable sourcing, manufacturing, and favourable electrochemical properties. A biochar-based anode is a greener alternative to conventional materials, potentially reducing the environmental and financial costs of LIB production. Minimizing

Developing green routes for biodiesel synthesis is essential for sustaining environmental benignity. Thus, this present study investigated the development of a solid catalyst using fluted pumpkin (Telfairia occidentalis) pod husk as a bio-based raw material via high-temperature furnace heating, ranging from 300 to 1000 °C. The catalyst properties were examined by conducting surface functional group

Cracking reactions play essential roles in pore development of activated carbon (AC) during activation of a biomass feedstock with K2C2O4. Strengthening activity of activating agents for cracking might increase capability for creating pores. This was verified herein by conducting activation of poplar wood and its derived biochar by K2C2O4 with Ni presence for enhancing activity for cracking. The results

TiO2.MgO supports with different TiO2/MgO molar ratios (1, 1/3, 1/6, and 1/9) were prepared via the hydrothermal method and chosen as support for the 20 wt% Ni active phase. The MgO support was also modified with WO₃ and CuO for comparison. XRD, BET, SEM, H₂-TPR, and O₂-TPO analyses were conducted to estimate the structural properties of the catalysts. Examination of the BET of the catalysts showed

Most biorefinery processes based on lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) focus only on the utilization of sugars hydrolysate from the pre-treated biomass, thus underutilizing or not utilizing lignin. Although there is considerable focus on metabolic engineering for bioconversion of synthetic lignin-related aromatics, it has been far less on using depolymerized lignin as a substrate due to its complex nature

Transforming waste materials into valuable products plays a crucial role in promoting sustainability and protecting environment. In this study, activated carbon derived from sugarcane bagasse, a lignocellulosic biomass source, was coated with iron and manganese for the adsorption and photodegradation of Acid Black 1 (AB1) dye from aqueous solutions. The effects of various parameters were investigated

This research investigates the efficacy of three distinct extraction techniques; ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), and conventional extraction (CE) for the isolation of phytochemicals from the flowers of Bauhinia variegata. The findings demonstrated that both UAE and MAE surpass CE, yielding higher concentrations of bioactive compounds while significantly reducing

The increasing demand for sustainable alternatives to petroleum-based chemicals has driven research towards the utilization of renewable feedstock, such as lignocellulosic biomass (LCB), to produce high-value products. Among LCB-derived platform molecules, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) has become a key building block for bio-based monomers such as 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA), among many others

The H2 produced by the electrolysis process is classified as green energy. However, in conventional water electrolysis, H2 is produced at the cathode and low-value O2 is produced at the anode. In addition, the energy required to produce H2 increases due to the sluggish kinetics of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). By replacing water with biomass and its derivatives at the anode, H2 can be produced

High-performance biochar-based supercapacitors extremely depend on the reasonable microstructure of electrode materials, so optimizing pore structure and surface properties is an important research topic. In this paper, HNO3 and H2O2 were used to modify wood chip biochar, which enhanced the oxygen-containing functional groups of biochar and optimized the pore size distribution. NPCBC-45 and HPCBC-20

Metal nanoparticle biosynthesis using micro-organisms has emerged as a clean and eco-friendly option as compared to chemical methods. This study demonstrates eco-friendly CuO nanoparticle synthesis using Chlorococcum sp. microalgal cell lysate supernatant (CLS) as a reductant. Design-Expert software was employed to optimize CuO nanoparticle synthesis, considering CuSO4·5H2O:CLS ratio, CuSO4·5H2O concentration

Intermediate crops (ICs) are grown on large areas in Sweden and elsewhere for their function as cover or catch crops and to increase soil fertility, and they are usually soil-incorporated. The aim of this study was to investigate if aboveground biomass from ICs can be a sustainable source of biofuel feedstock. For that, the biomass yield of fertilized and unfertilized ICs was studied in field experiments

Encouraging sustainable business needs utilization of bio-based substrate for green manufacturing of chemicals and fuels to achieve sustainable development goals set by the United Nations. One of the abundantly available bio-based substrates is lignocellulosic (LC) biomass, which requires effective pretreatment to fractionate into its structural biocomponents to maximize biorefinery potential. This

Porous carbonaceous materials have gained importance due to their multiple uses in energy storage applications. A cost-effective and promising way to synthesize these materials can be achieved through the KOH activation of carbons from agricultural by-products, by carefully controlling certain characteristics, such as yield and specific surface area. This work explores the synthesis and characterization

The harnessing of microalgae for CO2 sequestration and biodiesel production has garnered significant interest due to its potential to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions and provide a renewable energy. The current research delving the dual applications of carbon sequestration efficiency and biodiesel synthesis competence of three microalgal strains of Chlorella vulgaris LCM605, Chlorococcum humicola

The market for hydrophilic polyurethane (PU) and phenol-formaldehyde (PF) foams is rapidly expanding. However, conventional petroleum-based foams cause environmental concerns due to their slow to nearly absent biodegradability and reliance on non-renewable resources. Recent advances have focused on integrating biobased components such as lignocellulosic biomass, comprising of lignin, cellulose, and

This study investigates the behavior of heat and pyrolytic kinetics of flower stalks of Agave americana (FSAA) fibers, focusing on their potential for bioenergy production through pyrolytic conversion. Thermogravimetric analysis reveals distinct stages of thermal degradation influenced by varying heating rates (β), demonstrating accelerated volatilization and altered decomposition temperatures with

Carbon persistence in soil is a key issue in the context of Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR) policies and regulations: Soil Carbon Accumulation (SCA) is also included in the latest EU regulations on sustainable biofuels, and gaining attention at international level within ICAO and IMO. The long-lived nature of the durable carbon share in biochar can meet the most sever criteria set by relevant and ambitious

This research investigated the application of in-situ biological hydrogen methanation within a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) system under mesophilic conditions, with sewage sludge used as the substrate. Two CSTRs with an effective capacity of 5 L were installed and loaded with inoculum sludge with a volatile solid (VS) concentration of 1.2–1.5 %. They were fed mixed waste sludge with an organic

Construction of a green, economical, and energy-efficient lignocellulose pretreatment process is the core to improve the economic feasibility of the second-generation bioethanol production. This study presents an effective strategy for bioethanol production based on microwave-assisted Diisopropylammonium hydrosulfate ([DIP][HSO4]) pretreatment. The mechanisms for the depolymerization of the lignocellulose

New fuel production alternatives are becoming increasingly necessary to replace fossil energy sources and reduce the environmental implications of carbon emissions. In this context, renewable sources, such as waste cooking oil (WCO), are an excellent choice for producing bio-based fuels. However, to use WCO as fuel, the oxygen content in its triglyceride structures must be removed. To this end, bimetallic

Pyrolyzed carbon materials give fascinating solutions for many problems in the current research world. The locally available organic wastes can be pyrolyzed and tuned for their properties for various applications. Coconut-based materials such as shell and fiber have shown promising results in different technological applications. However, a detailed study of the structural and property evolution of

In many developing countries, the primary source of energy generation is fossil fuels. However, the study and utilization of invasive forestry species for gasification can help transition away from fossil fuels and towards sustainable, renewable energy production. In the present work, we investigated the characterization and energy potential of four invasive forestry species (Prosopis juliflora, Azadirachta

Nigeria intends to rank among the top 20 global economies by 2030 by focusing on industrialisation. However, limiting energy access may slow the rate of industrialisation. Bioenergy integration into Nigeria's energy mix can accelerate the industrialisation agenda due to the co-benefits it offers. We used a disaggregated approach to map agri-residue availability and identify knowledge gaps in agri-residue

Climate change, the increasing global demand for food and feed and the loss of biodiversity, requires a shift towards a sustainable, innovative and knowledge-based bioeconomy. Simultaneously, the implementation of a strategic approach to the utilization of the sector and associated bioresources that aligns with the principles of sustainability represents a significant challenge. The aim of this study

Policies, implemented and being considered in the UK, promote the use of biogas from anaerobic digestion (AD); however, small-medium scale AD plants, the majority of the UK's AD plants, have little access to energy distribution networks. The opportunity for using biomethane (upgraded biogas) for transportation, is rewarded in the Renewable Transport Fuels Obligation (RTFO), offering the AD plants the

Four alternative, sugar-derived chemical intermediates were compared for the production of propylene and acrylonitrile in energy self-sufficient biorefineries, annexed to an existing sugarcane mill, to assess economic feasibility and environmental sustainability. Aspen Plus® process simulations considered ethanol and isopropanol produced from A-molasses as intermediates for propylene production, while

Arundo donax, one of the most invasive plants in the world, but also a promising source of lignocellulose materials was employed as a feedstock for a biorefinery process. Water-extracted Arundo donax samples were subjected to one-step biphasic fractionation in catalyzed media containing water and 1-butanol, an environmentally-friendly solvent. The effects of selected operational variables (catalyst

While several studies have investigated the anaerobic digestion of paper-mill sludge (PMS), this technology suffers from nutrient insufficiency, inhibition by aromatic compounds, and low bio-CH4 yield. Hence, PMS was anaerobically co-digested with chicken manure (CM) and supplemented by hydroxyapatite@biochar (HAP@BC) nanocomposite for enhancing 2-chlorotoluene degradation and enriching the methanogenic

Designing and synthesizing bio-based catalysts for the catalytic conversion of biomass to high-value chemicals is a green and promising route in the field of sustainable chemistry. Herein, VxOy/NC_P catalyst was synthesized by a simple impregnation-pyrolysis method using green and cheap bio-chitin or chitosan as the N-doped carbon (NC) precursor and was applied to the aerobic oxidation of ethyl lactate

While torrefaction improves the fuel properties of biomass pellets, the chemical components of secondary products in liquid form are highly valuable in the industrial field. In addition, the components of the liquid have the potential to be used as biopesticides. In this study, corn stalk pellets were torrefied at 320 °C and torliquid was obtained as a secondary product from condensable gases during

The chemical looping co-gasification (CLCG) of biomass and biochar provides an attractive approach for producing sustainable syngas. The novelty of this study is to investigate the CLCG of cotton stalk and rice husk char with BaFe2O4/50 % MgAl2O4 (BFMA5) oxygen carrier for syngas production. Individual gasification, co-gasification, and individual chemical looping gasification (CLG) were also evaluated

Coal and biomass are two important carbonaceous feedstocks for producing carbon materials. Distinct composition of them might affect pore development of resulting activated carbon (AC) during activation. This was investigated herein via activating anthracite coal and poplar biomass via physical activation (activators: CO2 and H2O) and chemical activation (activators: K2C2O4 and ZnCl2) under the same

The increasing demand for all types of energy is driving the biofuel sector in transportation to innovate technologies for a more energy-efficient future by synergistically utilizing various energy sources. Current fossil fuel reserves are insufficient to meet rising energy demands and are expected to be depleted soon. Factors such as pollution, global warming, and high oil prices have driven the search