The growing emphasis on environmental sustainability has driven a notable shift toward using nature-based materials to reduce the ecological impact of industrial and commercial activities. Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), derived from cellulose, is emerging as a promising bio-based material due to its renewability and widespread availability. Producing CMC from biomass involves crucial steps—delignification, bleaching, alkalization, and etherification—that impact its final properties, such as solubility and mechanical strength. By carefully optimizing these steps, CMC can be tailored for various applications, including food products, pharmaceuticals, construction materials, and energy devices. In solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs), achieving optimal ionic conductivity, a key performance factor, typically involves salt addition, plasticizer incorporation, and polymer blending. While salt enhances conductivity, excessive amounts can hinder ion movement. Plasticizers increase flexibility by creating more amorphous regions within the polymer, and polymer blends combine different properties to create a uniform, high-performance material. As the use of CMC in energy devices expands, this review offers valuable guidance on selecting suitable materials to improve CMC-based SPE performance, supporting advancements in energy storage technologies.

中文翻译：

---

羧甲基纤维素基膜作为能源器件聚合物电解质的制备研究进展


对环境可持续性的日益重视推动了使用基于自然的材料来减少工业和商业活动对生态影响的显着转变。源自纤维素的羧甲基纤维素 （CMC） 因其可再生性和广泛可用性而成为一种很有前途的生物基材料。从生物质中生产 CMC 涉及关键步骤（脱木素、漂白、碱化和醚化），这些步骤会影响其最终特性，例如溶解度和机械强度。通过仔细优化这些步骤，CMC 可以针对各种应用进行定制，包括食品、制药、建筑材料和能源设备。在固体聚合物电解质 （SPE） 中，实现最佳离子电导率是一个关键性能因素，通常涉及加盐、增塑剂掺入和聚合物混合。虽然盐可以提高导电性，但过量的盐会阻碍离子移动。增塑剂通过在聚合物内产生更多的无定形区域来提高柔韧性，而聚合物共混物结合了不同的特性，从而创造出均匀的高性能材料。随着 CMC 在能源设备中的应用扩大，本综述为选择合适的材料以提高基于 CMC 的 SPE 性能提供了有价值的指导，支持储能技术的进步。