Knowledge of the industrial safety of solid fuels is crucial for risk mitigation in conventional and alternative energy generation. This study investigates the relationship between combustion propagation and flame transmission, quantified by the Brennzahl (BZ) Burning Class Number, and physicochemical properties of biomass and coals. The analysis is based on solid fuel characterisation through thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), proximate and elemental analysis, and combustion indices. Seven biomass samples (including olive-derived materials, wood, almond shell, wheat straw, cork, and soya) and three coal samples (charcoal, bituminous coal, and anthracite) were analysed. Proximate analysis was conducted experimentally, while ultimate analysis was modelled using a neural network. The results were classified within Van Krevelen diagram ranges. Significant correlations were found between the BZ Number (1–6) and various physicochemical and thermal parameters, notably volatile matter content (particularly for biomass), oxygen percentage, and combustibility index (CI), showing a strong correlation between CI and BZ (R2 > 0.87). Distinctive trends between biomass (BZ 3–5) and coal (BZ 1–3) highlight these parameters' influence on flame and combustion propagation. This multifactorial analysis provides a deeper understanding of the flame propagation governing mechanisms in solid fuels, offering valuable insights for risk assessment and the design of safety measures in industrial environments.

中文翻译：

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固体燃料中燃烧传播与 BZ 燃烧等级数之间关系的多因素分析


了解固体燃料的工业安全性对于降低传统和替代能源发电的风险至关重要。本研究调查了燃烧传播与火焰传递之间的关系，以 Brennzahl （BZ） 燃烧等级数量化，以及生物质和煤的物理化学性质。该分析基于通过热重分析 （TGA）、近似和元素分析以及燃烧指数进行的固体燃料表征。分析了 7 个生物质样品（包括橄榄衍生材料、木材、杏仁壳、小麦秸秆、软木和大豆）和 3 个煤样品（木炭、烟煤和无烟煤）。近似分析是通过实验进行的，而最终分析是使用神经网络建模的。结果在 Van Krevelen 图范围内进行分类。BZ 数 （1-6） 与各种物理化学和热参数之间存在显著相关性，特别是挥发性物质含量（特别是生物质）、氧百分比和可燃性指数 （CI），表明 CI 和 BZ 之间存在很强的相关性 （R2 > 0.87）。生物质 （BZ 3-5） 和煤 （BZ 1-3） 之间的独特趋势突出了这些参数对火焰和燃烧传播的影响。这种多因素分析提供了对固体燃料中火焰传播控制机制的更深入理解，为工业环境中的风险评估和安全措施设计提供了有价值的见解。