Cadmium (Cd) toxicity poses a severe environmental threat, leading to substantial declines in crop growth and productivity worldwide. Accumulation of proline is recognized as a critical adaptive response in plants facing heavy metal stress. However, the precise mechanisms regulating Cd-induced proline accumulation remain elusive. Here, we discovered that a Cd-induced CCT5 gene in vegetable soybean

Section snippets CRediT authorship contribution statementJim Spain: Writing – review & editing.

BACKGROUND Neurotoxicity of exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) has been documented in animal studies, but related epidemiological investigations are very limited; particularly, those based on biomonitoring data are not available yet. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the trimester-specific association between maternal urinary concentrations of multiple VOC metabolites (mVOCs) and child

Norovirus is the most common cause of foodborne illness outbreaks in the United States. In January 2024, local health jurisdictions and the California Department of Public Health (CDPH) identified two concurrent norovirus outbreaks across eight Southern California local health jurisdictions. CDPH was notified in late December 2023 and early January 2024 of gastrointestinal illnesses in persons who

In early June 2023, the Alabama Department of Public Health identified five laboratory-confirmed cyclosporiasis case reports with a common patient exposure of eating at one Mexican-style restaurant. Common signs of cyclosporiasis include diarrhea, abdominal cramps, nausea, and loss of appetite. Although most illnesses are self-limited, antibiotic treatment can prevent relapsing illness. Onset of illness

The phosphorus (P) fertilizer in farmland soils can form composite solids with the calcium (Ca) carbonate minerals. However, the effects of these composites on chemical fractions and migration trends of heavy metal pollutants remain unclear. Thus, in this study, batch experiments, modified Tessier sequential extraction method, and spectral approaches were combined to explore the immobilization mechanisms

BACKGROUND Ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure is associated with systemic protein damage in pregnant women. However, its effect on protein damage in human placentas is unclear. OBJECTIVES We estimated the associations of PM2.5 and chemical component exposures with advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) in placental villi tissues before 13 weeks of gestation. METHODS We enrolled 165

Chlordecone (CLD) is an organochlorine pesticide that is highly resistant in the environment. This compound and its metabolite chlordecol (CLD-OH) still can be found in the French West Indies, after being banned 30 years ago. The novelty of this work lies in evaluating the toxicity of CLD-OH compared to CLD and examining the effects of these compounds on nuclear receptor (PXR, PPARα, and CAR) and metabolism-related

Understanding the ecological impacts of nanoparticle exposure has become increasingly urgent, as these materials are now widespread in aquatic environments. However, the effects of nanoparticle exposure on plankton community-mediated carbon cycling remain poorly understood. This study investigated the effects of long-term (28-day) exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations (10 and 100 µg/L)

Sucralose (SUC) pose a potential threat to the aquatic environment and human health. In the study, SUC degradation by UV/persulfate (UV/PS) and UV/periodate (UV/PI) was compared from different perspectives. The results showed that both processes were effective in degrading SUC within 15 min, but the degradation rate of UV/PI was much higher than that of UV/PS due to higher radical concentrations. UV/PS