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Fertility and Family Dynamics in the Aftermath of the COVID‐19 Pandemic Population and Development Review (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-17 Natalie Nitsche, Joshua Wilde
When the COVID‐19 pandemic began in early 2020, speculation was rife both in public and academic spheres over its possible effects on birth rates and partnership behavior. Now, over four years later, we still know surprisingly little about the effect of COVID‐19 on fertility and family dynamics. In this paper, we outline three main takeaways from the scientific literature produced on this topic in
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The Demography of Crisis‐Driven Outflows from Venezuela Population and Development Review (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-17 Jenny Garcia Arias
The Venezuelan exodus represents the largest known displacement of people in recent Latin American history. The regional crisis caused by this mass Venezuelan migration drove the development of multiple interagency initiatives (such as the R4V platform) as well as academic attempts to keep track of outflow intensity. However, little is known about the age and gender composition of the emigrants since
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Worlds in Motion Redux? Expanding Migration Theories and Their Interconnections Population and Development Review (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-12 Fernando Riosmena
Migration theorizing has coalesced around sets encompassing several frameworks. Despite many contributions of these collections, contemporary migration theorizing exhibits three important shortcomings, which this paper aims to address. First, sets of theories have traditionally not explicitly and jointly addressed fundamental questions in migration, namely (i) key motivations beyond those related to
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Does Inequality Have Momentum? The Implications of Convex Inequality Regimes for Mortality Dynamics Population and Development Review (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-09 Arun S. Hendi
For decades, educational inequalities in mortality have widened and mortality among the least educated has stalled, even as overall mortality has improved, and an increasing proportion of young people have completed secondary and tertiary education. While researchers recognize that these trends are in part related to changing selection into education groups, there has been no unifying framework for
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The Last Bastion is Falling: Survey Evidence of the New Family Reality in Italy Population and Development Review (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-03 Arnstein Aassve, Letizia Mencarini, Elena Pirani, Daniele Vignoli
The study makes use of the 2016 Household Multipurpose Survey of Family, Social Subjects, and Life Cycle to demonstrate that family‐related behavior is now rapidly changing in Italy. The country is often taken as a stronghold of traditionalism. We, instead, highlight recent and substantial changes in cohabitation, dissolution, and nonmarital fertility in the country. In doing so, we carefully assess
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No End to Hypergamy when Considering the Full Married Population Population and Development Review (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-02 Daniela R. Urbina, Margaret Frye, Sara Lopus
The worldwide expansion of female educational opportunities in recent decades has prompted demographers to assess the frequency with which women marry up (hypergamy) or down (hypogamy) with regard to education. A series of articles documented dramatic and nearly universal declines in hypergamy over time and across female educational advantage. However, this previous work investigated hypergamy only
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Unhealthy Assimilation or Compositional Differences? Disentangling Immigrants' Mental Health Trajectories with Residence Duration Population and Development Review (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-02 Claudia Brunori
Studies have often found that recent immigrants have better mental health than natives, whereas established immigrants have no such advantage. This could be interpreted as evidence for immigrants' mental health deteriorating with residence duration—the “unhealthy assimilation hypothesis.” However, the methods used in the literature are unfit to assess whether the mental health differences between recent
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Spousal Agreement on Sex Preferences for Children and Gender Gaps in Children's Education Population and Development Review (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-02 Vida Maralani, Candas Pinar
Using data from 60 countries, we measure how much couples agree on sex preferences for children and whether differences in sex preferences are associated with gender gaps in children's education. Results show extensive disagreement in sex preferences for children, with husbands far more likely to want more sons but their wives more likely to prefer having equal numbers of boys and girls, wanting more
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Personal and Social Worries Associated with the Likelihood of Having Children Population and Development Review (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Kateryna Golovina, Markus Jokela
Previous studies showed that worries about the economic situation and job security are associated with childbearing, but evidence is scarce on whether worries about other personal and social issues are also related to childbearing. Drawing on the German Socio‐Economic Panel Study, this study examined the relationship between worries about various personal and social issues and the likelihood of having
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Melissa S.KearneyThe Two Parent Privilege: How Americans Stopped Getting Married and Started Falling BehindUniversity of Chicago Press, 2023, 240 p., $25.00. Population and Development Review (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-05-31 SARAH R. HAYFORD
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Claire L.WendlandPartial Stories: Maternal Death from Six AnglesUniversity of Chicago Press, 2022, 356 p., $35.00. Population and Development Review (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-05-31 SANYU A. MOJOLA
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IPCC, 2023: Climate Change 2023: Synthesis Report. IPCC, 184 p., doi: https://doi.org/10.59327/IPCC/AR6-9789291691647 Population and Development Review (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-05-23 JOHN BONGAARTS
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Henry Pratt Fairchild on the Restriction of Immigration Population and Development Review (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-05-22
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Milestone Moments: Community Violence and Women's Life‐Course Transitions in Colombia, the Dominican Republic, and Guatemala Population and Development Review (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-04-22 Signe Svallfors
Deadly violence has drastically increased in Latin America, posing a serious threat to women's sexual and reproductive health. Previous research has documented both increases and declines in youth‐to‐adulthood transitions associated with exposure to violence globally. However, there has been a lack of comparative studies focusing on multiple life‐course transitions. This study investigated the impact
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Life Expectancy Reversals in Low‐Mortality Populations Population and Development Review (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-04-22 Joshua R. Goldstein, Ronald D. Lee
Behind the steady march of progress toward longer life expectancy in many low‐mortality countries, there have been setbacks even before the Covid‐19 pandemic. In this paper, we use an exploratory approach to describe the temporal structure, age patterns, and geographic aspects of life expectancy reversals. We find that drops in life expectancy are often followed by larger than average improvements
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Does Family Structure Account for Child Achievement Gaps by Parental Education? Findings for England, France, Germany and the United States Population and Development Review (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-04-15 Anne Solaz, Lidia Panico, Alexandra Sheridan, Thorsten Schneider, Jascha Dräger, Jane Waldfogel, Sarah Jiyoon Kwon, Elizabeth Washbrook, Valentina Perinetti Casoni
This paper explores the role of family trajectories during childhood in explaining inequalities by maternal education in children's math and reading skills using harmonized, longitudinal, and nationally representative surveys, which follow children over the course of primary and lower secondary school in four high‐income countries (England, France, Germany, and the United States). As single parenthood
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Remittances‐Adjusted Support Ratio Population and Development Review (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-04-12 Lukas Tohoff, Daji Landis, Letizia Mencarini, Arnstein Aassve
We introduce a new demographic indicator, the remittances‐adjusted support ratio (RASR), which incorporates the support offered through remittances into the existing support ratio (SR). Remittances have increased rapidly in recent decades due to improved technology, and they play a crucial role in the countries that send migrants abroad. This is important as many countries are still undergoing their
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Climatic Variability and Internal Migration in Asia: Evidence from Big Microdata Population and Development Review (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-04-12 Brian C. Thiede, Abbie Robinson, Clark Gray
The effects of climate change on human migration have received widespread attention, driven in part by concerns about potential large‐scale population displacements. Recent studies demonstrate that climate‐migration linkages are often complex, and climatic variability may increase, decrease, or have null effects on migration. However, the use of noncomparable analytic strategies across studies makes
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Fertility Responses to the COVID‐19 Pandemic: A Perspective of Reproductive Process Population and Development Review (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-28 Xinguang Fan
The COVID‐19 pandemic has potential large‐scale impacts on population dynamics. Yet, recent theories and empirical analyses fall short of fully articulating the extent and nature of the pandemic's influence on birth rates at the aggregate level. This study advances the comprehension of fertility dynamics amid the pandemic by focusing on the reproductive process. The effects of the pandemic on conceptions
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State‐Level Immigrant Policies and Ideal Family Size in the United States Population and Development Review (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-26 Julia A. Behrman, Abigail Weitzman
Demographers have long been interested in how fertility ideals vary in response to perceived existential threats. Although migration scholars document the increasingly threatening nature of U.S. immigration policies, little research explores how these policies shape the fertility ideals of those most affected by them. To that end, we exploit spatiotemporal variation in states’ evolving immigrant policy
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Where Does the Black–White Life Expectancy Gap Come From? The Deadly Consequences of Residential Segregation Population and Development Review (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-22 Arun S. Hendi
The disparity in life expectancy between white and black Americans exceeds five years for men and three years for women. While prior research has investigated the roles of healthcare, health behaviors, biological risk, socioeconomic status, and life course effects on black mortality, the literature on the geographic origins of the gap is more limited. This study examines how the black–white life expectancy
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Societal Pessimism and the Transition to Parenthood: A Future Too Bleak to Have Children? Population and Development Review (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-22 Katya Ivanova, Nicoletta Balbo
Contemporary adults often cite economic uncertainty, global warming, and increasing inequality as reasons for intending not to have children. Despite extensive research on the impact of societal pessimism on attitudes towards out‐group members, political preferences, and voting behaviors, its impact on demographic behaviors, such as fertility, has received little attention. This study examines the
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Fertility Postponement, Economic Uncertainty, and the Increasing Income Prerequisites of Parenthood Population and Development Review (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Daniël van Wijk, Francesco C. Billari
Rich societies have witnessed a postponement of parenthood over the past two decades, and young adults’ economic conditions are often invoked to explain this trend. However, macro-level trends in both “subjective” perceptions of economic uncertainty and “objective” measures of actual income provide no satisfactory explanation for the postponement of parenthood. We propose a potential solution to this
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Henry Kissinger on Population and National Security Population and Development Review (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-13
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The Missing Millions: Uncovering the Burden of Covid-19 Cases and Deaths in the African Region Population and Development Review (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Tara McKay, Rachel Sullivan Robinson, Serena Musungu, Nana Addo Padi-Adjirackor, Nicole Angotti
Early in 2020, experts warned of the devastating toll that COVID-19 would have on African countries. By the close of 2021, however, Africa remained one of the least affected regions in the world, leading commentators to speculate about a so-called “Africa paradox”. This review evaluates current research and data to establish the burden of COVID-19 infections and mortality in the African region. Despite
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Demographic Systems of Medieval Italy (6th–15th century AD) Population and Development Review (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Irene Barbiera, Gianpiero Dalla‐Zuanna
In this article, we bring together a variety of studies, both old and new, to examine continuity and change in population dynamics in Italy during the medieval millennium (476–1492 AD). Though the available data are often sporadic and should be interpreted with great caution, it is possible to clarify certain dynamics, which can be useful for guiding future research. First, population fluctuations
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Michael Woolcock International Development: Navigating Humanity's Greatest Challenge Polity, 2023, 200 p. $64.95. Population and Development Review (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 JOSHUA WILDE
We have inherited a large house, a great world house in which we . . . must learn somehow to live with each other in peace. —Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. (1967) The title of Michael Woolcock's latest book makes a provocative assertion: that international development is humanity's greatest challenge. At first glance, one could likely think of any number of alternative challenges that are more vexing and
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Reconciling Family Aspirations and Paid Work in the European Union Population and Development Review (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-29
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Rural–Urban Migration and Fertility Ideation in Senegal: Comparing Returned, Current, and Future Migrants to Dakar to Rural Nonmigrants Population and Development Review (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Yacine Boujija, Simona Bignami, John Sandberg
In low- and middle-income countries, significant differences in fertility beliefs between rural and urban areas arise from the differential timing and pace of fertility declines. Demographers have long hypothesized about the diffusion of these beliefs and behaviors from urban to rural areas, potentially via temporary rural–urban labor migration. In this paper, we investigate the association between
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Dustin Whitney Demographic Deception: Exposing the Overpopulation Myth and Building a Resilient Future Advantage Books, 2023, 148 p., $29.99. Population and Development Review (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 STUART GIETEL-BASTEN
When I picked up Demographic Deception by Dustin Whitney, I had a sense of unease. The title led me to expect a book in the “popular demography” genre; a genre to which unfortunately few trained demographers contribute and which has frequently been a platform for authors proffering “simple” demographic solutions to global ills, with sometimes far-reaching appeal and dangerous consequences. However
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Disruptions in Educational Progress and Fertility Dynamics by Educational Level: Unraveling the Link between Education and Fertility Stalls in Sub-Saharan Africa Population and Development Review (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-20 Bruno D. Schoumaker, David A. Sánchez-Páez
Stalls in fertility decline have been found in many sub-Saharan African countries. Our objective is to unravel the relationship between education and stalled fertility by analyzing the extent to which fertility stalls reflect a lack of changes in the educational composition of the population or are related to reversals and halts in the fertility decline within educational groups. Using the Demographic
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The Value of Cultural Similarity for Predicting Migration: Evidence from Food and Drink Interests in Digital Trace Data Population and Development Review (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-13 Carolina Coimbra Vieira, Sophie Lohmann, Emilio Zagheni
One of the strongest empirical regularities in spatial demography is that flows of migrants are positively associated with population stocks at origin and destination and are inversely related to distance. This pattern was formalized into what are known as gravity models of migration. Traditionally, distance is measured geographically, but other measures of distance, such as cultural distance, are
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Road Access, Fertility, and Child Health in Rural India Population and Development Review (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-06 Aparajita Dasgupta, Anahita Karandikar, Devvrat Raghav
Expansion in access to public infrastructure can have varied, microlevel impacts. In this paper, we use a discrete and quasi-random change in the access to paved roads through a large-scale rural road construction program in India to study how road access impacts fertility decisions and investments in child health. We find that increased access to paved roads at the district level decreases fertility
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Trends in Living Arrangements Around the World Population and Development Review (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-04 Albert Esteve, David S. Reher
Most people coreside with other kin in private households while others live alone. The incidence of coresidence with kin and solo living varies noticeably across societies. Scholars have long theorized about the role of modernization and cultural change for living arrangements, suggesting a trend toward the nuclearization of households (coresidence only with primary kin) or solo living as societies
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Data and Trends in Assisted Suicide and Euthanasia, and Some Related Demographic Issues Population and Development Review (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-25 Asher D. Colombo, Gianpiero Dalla-Zuanna
Although considerable gains in survival have been observed in developed countries, particularly in the last stretch of life, part of these additional years of life are lived in bad health. In this context, a number of actions/inactions that limit or may limit life span are becoming increasingly common. Demography and quantitative sociology are well-positioned to make a significant contribution to the
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COVID-19 and Contraceptive Use in Two African Countries: Examining Conflicting Pressures on Women Population and Development Review (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-11 Jiao Yu, Kathryn Grace, Elizabeth Heger Boyle, Jude P. Mikal, Matthew Gunther, Devon Kristiansen
Women in Africa may have experienced conflicting pressures during the COVID-19 pandemic. While the unpredictable nature of the pandemic was prompting some women to delay pregnancies, the pandemic was potentially limiting access to reproductive health services due to supply shortages, fears of virus exposure, and mobility restrictions. In this study, we used longitudinal data from Kenya and Burkina
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Measuring Union Formalization for a New Generation of Family Demography: A Case Study from Urban Kenya Population and Development Review (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-08 Kirsten Stoebenau, Sangeetha Madhavan, Seungwan Kim, Carol Wainaina
Despite repeated calls for improved measures of marriage as a process in sub-Saharan Africa, large-scale surveys continue to rely on static marital status. As a result, there is an incomplete understanding of the effects of marriage on outcomes of interest. We use qualitative and survey data from a longitudinal study of 1,203 young mothers residing in informal settlements of Nairobi, Kenya, to (1)
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Fertility in a Pandemic: Evidence from California Population and Development Review (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-12-19 Jenna Nobles, Alison Gemmill, Sungsik Hwang, Florencia Torche
The COVID-19 pandemic was accompanied by social and economic changes previously associated with fertility delay and reduction, sparking widespread discussion of a “baby bust” in the United States. We examine fertility trends using restricted vital statistics data from California, a diverse population of 40 million, contributing 12 percent of U.S. births. Using time series models that account for longer-run
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The Gendered Impacts of Partnership and Parenthood on Paid Work and Unpaid Work Time in Great Britain, 1992–2019 Population and Development Review (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-12-12 Muzhi Zhou, Man-Yee Kan
Using data from the British Household Panel Study and the UK Household Longitudinal Study (1992–2019), this study investigates the impacts of partnership and parenthood on women's and men's paid work and unpaid work time and how these impacts have changed in the last three decades in Great Britain. We applied two fixed-effect models—one conventional, one novel—with individual constants and slopes to
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Children of Separation: An International Profile Population and Development Review (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-12-04 Zuzana Zilincikova, Jan Skopek, Thomas Leopold
This study offers a comprehensive international overview of children from separated families across 13 countries, with an emphasis on the European context. We investigate changes in the number of children experiencing parental separation over birth cohorts (1960–1989) and changes in their social composition using data from the Generations and Gender Survey and official statistics. Results on absolute
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Shifting Parental Age Differences in High-Income Countries: Insights and Implications Population and Development Review (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-30 Christian Dudel, Yen-hsin Alice Cheng, Sebastian Klüsener
Age differences within couples are of considerable importance for the power relations between partners. These age differences become particularly relevant when couples transition to having a(nother) child, as such an event often results in a renegotiation of the gendered division of labor. Surprisingly, the literature on female empowerment and fertility postponement has so far paid little attention
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Claudia Finotelli and Irene Ponzo (Eds.) Migration Control Logics and Strategies in Europe: A North-South Comparison Springer International, 2023, xiv + 340 p., $59.99 (Open Access online). Population and Development Review (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-29
The European Union's migration policy, as it plays out, is far from a coherent, deliberated program designed in Brussels or Strasbourg. But nor is it an amalgam of the separate policies on admission and residence, varying in effectiveness, of autonomous member states. Between these two figments, however, there is a widely held depiction of the EU reality: that of a North-South migration policy divide
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Jeff Goodell The Heat Will Kill You First: Life and Death on a Scorched Planet Little Brown and Company, 2023, 400 p., $29.00 Population and Development Review (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-29 Risto Conte Keivabu
In 2023, the Earth experienced unprecedented high temperatures and endured the hottest summer documented since 1880. The extreme temperatures coincided with the publication of Jeff Goodell's The Heat Will Kill You First: Life and Death on a Scorched Planet. The book is essential and accessible reading on the dangers presented by heat for human populations, a guide to the actions needed to reduce these
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Jenny Trinitapoli An Epidemic of Uncertainty: Navigating HIV and Young Adulthood in Malawi University of Chicago Press, 2023, 288 p., $30.00. Population and Development Review (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-29 Sanyu A. Mojola
An Epidemic of Uncertainty is a multicourse gourmet meal for demographers. It is a book to settle into, chew on, and ruminate over with good friends. Empirically dense, theoretically rich, and analytically smart, the book moves the reader effortlessly between sophisticated quantitative analyses and everyday village and town life in and around Balaka, Malawi. And it brings demography, in all its interdisciplinary
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Resilience, Accelerated Aging, and Persistently Poor Health: Diverse Trajectories of Health in Malawi Population and Development Review (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-28 Cung Truong Hoang, Iliana V. Kohler, Vikesh Amin, Jere R. Behrman, Hans-Peter Kohler
Individuals age at vastly different rates resulting in significant within-population heterogeneity in health and aging outcomes. This diversity in health and aging trajectories has rarely been investigated among low-income aging populations that have experienced substantial hardships throughout their lifecourses. Utilizing 2006–2019 data from the Malawi Longitudinal Study of Families and Health and
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On the Health Impacts of Climatic Shocks: How Heatwaves Reduce Birthweight in Sub-Saharan Africa Population and Development Review (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-10-12 Liliana Andriano
Heatwaves are among the most important global public health challenges of our time. Yet we know little about how exposure to heatwaves (as opposed to hot days) affects health at birth, which is a key contributor to health, development, and well-being in later life. This study addresses this shortcoming by investigating the relationship between in utero exposure to heatwave and birthweight by assessing
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Maternal Free Time: A Missing Element in Fertility Studies Population and Development Review (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-10-12 Ewa Jarosz, Anna Matysiak, Beata Osiewalska
Studies on mothers’ time allocation and fertility have predominantly accentuated the importance of paid work for fertility decisions and, in consequence, of policies that allow combining paid work and family life. In this view, work time is typically seen as the time taken away from the family and vice versa. This paradigm does not recognize that mothers may need time for rest and leisure, and that
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The Race between Mortality and Morbidity: Implications for the Global Distribution of Health Population and Development Review (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-10-03 Iñaki Permanyer, Octavio Bramajo
Assessments of countries’ longevity and its variability around the globe often rely on life expectancy (LE) but tend not to differentiate between the years spent in “good” or “less-than-good” health. We explore how the evolution of the healthy and unhealthy components of LE has shaped the composition of LE within countries, and the extent of LE inequality between countries. Using data from the Global
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Feminization, Ageing, and Occupational Change in Europe in the Last 25 Years Population and Development Review (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-10-02 Álvaro Mariscal-de-Gante, Amaia Palencia-Esteban, Sara Grubanov-Boskovic, Enrique Fernández-Macías
This paper presents new evidence on the interaction between demographic and occupational change in Europe over the last 25 years. We use data from the European Union Labour Force Survey covering six European countries. The analysis is based on a cross-sectional comparison between the population and employment distributions in 1995 and 2019. This strategy allows us to study the changing demographic
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Rawan Arar and David Scott FitzGerald The Refugee System Polity, 2022, 272 p., $26.95 Population and Development Review (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-08-28 Raya Muttarak
The refugee system is never static. Today's hosts can become tomorrow's refugees. (p. 248) The quote above—the very last sentence of this book—well represents the main message of the book. That is if we want to fully understand the world of refugees both for policy making and knowledge production, a systems approach is needed. Unlike the siloed approach, the systems approach analyzes the entire system
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A Novel Macro Perspective on Family Dynamics: The Contribution of Partnership Contexts of Births to Cohort Fertility Rates Population and Development Review (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-08-10 Linus Andersson
Partnering behavior is central to understanding fertility. Influential concepts, including singlehood, serial monogamy, and multiple-partner fertility, are frequently used to analyze partnering and childbearing dynamics. These concepts are evoked to understand individual and population-level patterns but are mainly analyzed at the individual level. We propose a measure for gauging the interplay between
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“It's None of Their Damn Business”: Privacy and Disclosure Control in the U.S. Census, 1790–2020 Population and Development Review (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-07-24 Steven Ruggles, Diana L. Magnuson
The U.S. Census has grappled with public concerns about privacy since the first enumeration in 1790. Beginning in the mid-nineteenth century, census officials began responding to concerns about privacy with promises of confidentiality. In recent years, escalating concerns about confidentiality have threatened to reduce the usability of publicly accessible population data. This paper traces the history
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When Kids Are a Burden: Understanding the Normative Sources of Negative Perceptions of Parenthood Population and Development Review (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-07-17 Sinn Won Han
How individuals perceive raising children varies across countries. Researchers seeking to explain this have tended to focus on variation in family policies across countries, arguing that having children is perceived more negatively in terms of cost and disturbance to parents’ freedom and careers in countries where less policy support for families is provided. In this study, I add to the literature
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Migration and Skewed Subnational Sex Ratios among Young Adults Population and Development Review (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-07-12 Michał Gulczyński
Skewed sex ratios have been found to increase crime and spread of diseases, as well as influence fertility decisions, gender roles, and economic development. I document the extent to which international and internal migration shape national and subnational sex ratios among young adults (SRYA). For this purpose, I analyze the data from the United Nations’ Urban and Rural Population by Age and Sex and
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The Early Bird Catches the Worm: The Effect of Birth Order on Old-Age Mortality Population and Development Review (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-07-10 Hamid Noghanibehambari, Jason Fletcher
Previous studies explore the role of birth order in children's and adults’ outcomes. This literature usually provides evidence of disadvantage of children with higher birth order. A narrow strand of this literature explores the association between birth order and old-age mortality. This study re-visits the birth-order-longevity relationship using US data. We employ Social Security Administration death
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Do Conditional Cash Transfers Reduce Fertility? Nationwide Evidence from Mexico Population and Development Review (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-07-05 Susan W. Parker, Soomin Ryu
Conditional cash transfer (CCT) programs, which link transfers to investment in human capital in poor families, have spread around the world over the past two decades. This paper studies the medium-term effects of Progresa, the pioneering Mexican CCT program, on fertility using nationwide vital statistics combined with administrative data on program receipt. The effects of CCTs are likely to vary by
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Migration Policies and Immigrants’ Language Acquisition in EU-15: Evidence from Twitter Population and Development Review (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-06-27 Sofia Gil-Clavel, André Grow, Maarten J. Bijlsma
In response to the increasingly complex and heterogeneous immigrant communities settling in Europe, European countries have adopted various civic integration measures. Measures aiming to facilitate language acquisition are considered crucial for integration and cooperation between immigrants and natives. Simultaneously, the rapid expansion of social media usage is believed to change the factors affecting