The neglect of population in national and international discourses on environment and development has led to a misleading picture of policy options. This article reconstructs the language in which extreme poverty and economic development are discussed by deploying recent advances in our understanding of the population–consumption–biosphere nexus. The new perspective is applied to examine both the global environmental impact and the effects on local ecosystems of individual choices over consumption and reproduction. The analytical apparatus developed here is then used on wide‐ranging evidence to explain and measure humanity's ecological overreach. The authors study the pressures people impose on their local ecosystems to show why persistently high population growth in the world's poorest regions is undermining their ecosystems, in some cases trapping communities in poverty.

中文翻译：

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人类人口与生物圈


在关于环境和发展的国内和国际话语中，对人口的忽视导致了对政策选择的误导。本文通过利用我们对人口-消费-生物圈关系的理解的最新进展，重建了讨论极端贫困和经济发展的语言。新视角适用于研究全球环境影响以及个人对消费和繁殖的选择对当地生态系统的影响。然后，这里开发的分析工具被用于广泛的证据，以解释和衡量人类的生态过度扩张。作者研究了人们对当地生态系统施加的压力，以说明为什么世界上最贫困地区持续的高人口增长正在破坏他们的生态系统，在某些情况下使社区陷入贫困。