This study proposes a novel VFM on a fiber scale to capture the ballistic behavior of 3DOWF. The model effectively reveals yarn deformation during the weaving process of fabric, and yarn pull-out, interfiber friction and yarn interactions during the ballistic response. The results revealed that the VFM exhibited a ballistic response consistent with high-speed photography observations and successfully

The plastic events occurring during the process of intergranular fracture in metals is still not well understood due to the complexity of grain boundary (GB) structures and their interactions with crack-tip dislocation plasticity. By considering the local GB structural transformation after dislocation emission from a GB in the Peierls-type Rice-Beltz model, herein we established a semi-analytical

As metamaterials are widely used in engineering fields, the demand for the extraordinary properties of metamaterials is no longer satisfied with a single function. The multi-functional integrated design of metamaterial structure is the basis of a new research direction and technology path applied to engineering equipment with complex working conditions. At present, in the aerospace, transportation

Recent advancements have identified orbital angular momentum (OAM) as a promising multiplexing strategy leveraging vortex beams to significantly enhance communication channel capacity. However, existing OAM signal demultiplexing methods, including active scanning and passive resonant techniques, encounter limitations such as reduced data transmission rates and the reliance on bulky, inefficient systems

This paper presents a novel mixed visco-hyperelastic hydrodynamic lubrication model (MVHHLM) for water-lubricated rubber bearings (WLRBs). The model is based on a fractional order differential visco-hyperelastic model and integrates Persson's multi-scale contact theory and rubber friction theory, enabling accurate analysis of the mixed lubrication performance of WLRBs with a low equilibrium modulus

Film cooling holes are crucial for reducing the surface temperature of aero-engine turbine blades. As the inlet temperature of aero-engine turbines increases, traditional circular holes fail to meet the required cooling performance. Consequently, non-circular film cooling holes, such as laidback fan-shaped holes (LFSHs), have been developed. However, the complex geometry of LFSHs and the machining

This study examines the variation of TixCy/Ni composite properties during the polishing process using molecular dynamics simulation. Various material parameters and testing conditions, including abrasion depth, abrasion velocity, reinforcement particle derivatives, and reinforcement particle size, are examined, revealing both advantageous and disadvantageous impacts on feedstock characteristics such

This study introduces a comprehensive experimental methodology allowing for the direct measurement of the rate dependent multiaxial response of polymer syntactic foams under combined direct-shear loading. The combined tension-torsion behaviour of a syntactic foam and its rate dependence are investigated for the first time.

This paper delves into the vibration and acoustic radiation properties of a metamaterial plate integrated with grouped local resonators (GLRs). The GLRs, consisting of multiple spring-mass resonators arranged in various configurations such as series, parallel, and periodic arrangements, are shown to significantly influence the structural performance of the plate. An advanced Fourier series is implemented

In the present study, we utilized additive manufacturing, specifically 3d printing, to enhance the boiling heat transfer performance. This study stands out from the previous ones in that we utilized a vapor guiding structure (VGS) for direct bubble control. The relationship between the bubble behavior and the boiling heat transfer performance was evaluated through visualization analysis. With the application

The Complex reheating phenomenon during friction stir additive manufacturing (FSAM) has a significant impact on the microstructural evolution. This, in turn, affects its mechanical properties. A flow stress model including the precipitate, solid solution and dislocation density evolution was proposed to reveal the relationship between the microstructure and constitutive behavior in FSAM of Al-Mg-Si

Shape sensing is critically important throughout the lifecycle of composite shell structures, including the design, manufacturing, service, retirement, and reuse phases. In the service phase, for instance, shape-based structural integrity assessments can inform maintenance strategies, significantly reducing regular maintenance costs. To achieve high-fidelity shape sensing, a novel approach is proposed

This study focuses on creating novel magnetoactive polymers (MAP) by incorporating fabricated magnetic particles into elastomers, a unique approach to MAP preparation. We adopt a unified approach by integrating experimental characterization with a custom-built magneto-mechanical setup, along with modeling and finite element (FE) simulations, to investigate the magneto-mechanical responses of MAP. Our

Electrostatic soft actuators are widely employed in soft machines due to their fast response, low energy consumption and noise, high energy density, and ease of control. This paper presents an electrostatic flexi-limbed actuation building block based on the dielectrophoretic liquid zipping concept. We establish a model to describe its performance using the theory of large deformation of beams and the

Metasurfaces provide a promising solution for modulating low-frequency surface waves (SW) in sub-wavelength size. However, they were coupled with single-phase soil or saturated soil in previous investigations, rather than the more common unsaturated soil whose properties cannot be simply evaluated from single-phase and saturated soils. Otherwise, they would not be operational in the intended frequency

This paper presents a new framework for investigating the impact of heterogeneity levels on the fracture properties of hydrogels, offering guidelines for the application of heterogeneous structure design principles. The study reveals that heterogeneous hydrogel structures generated by higher inhomogeneity levels β exhibit increased fracture toughness compared to homogeneous ones, though excessively

Lattice structures are lightweight and are known to exhibit excellent energy absorbing capability when subject to compressive loading. In this paper, a new analytical model for the stiffness, strength, and energy absorption of additively manufactured functionally graded lattice structures is presented, leading to the establishment of a new energy absorption optimisation approach. The influence of cell

This study presents the first in-depth evaluation of the Extended Homogeneous Anisotropic Hardening (HEXAH) model for industrial-scale applications, particularly in multi-axial pipe forming processes. Building upon the Homogeneous Anisotropic Hardening (HAH) models, the HEXAH model addresses the limitations of HAH models, including “rotation singularity”, by incorporating multiple microstructure deviators

This paper presents a novel integrated approach to modeling surface texture transfer in skin-pass rolling under mixed elasto-plasto-hydrodynamic lubrication (EPHL). The innovation lies in combining discrete fast Fourier transform (DC-FFT) for precise characterisation of elastically deformed asperities on the roll surface, dynamic explicit finite element analysis (FEA) for capturing cross-scale deformations

FML (Fiber metal laminate) is widely used in aerospace as an advanced composite material. Metal hybrid bistable composites are one type of FML structure. The hybrid bistable composite is not only deformable but also conductive. In this paper, based on a bistable metamaterial tube, it is proposed to control its shape through metal-composite layups. A theoretical prediction model with a metal slip effect

Piezoelectric actuators have gained widespread attention for their quick response, low energy consumption, and resistance to electromagnetic interference. However, current piezoelectric actuators face challenges in achieving large stepping displacement within compact spaces owing to the small output of individual piezoelectric elements. To address this issue, a stick-slip piezoelectric actuator based

Near-field acoustic levitation (NFAL) is an innovative contactless handling technology with broad applications in precision manufacturing equipment and micro-electrical mechanical systems. The study systematically investigates the multi-level alterable transportation characteristics of a novel two-dimensional non-contact platform based on NFAL technology. The thrust forces in the x- and y-directions

The transition from Hall-Petch to inverse Hall-Petch behaviors in nanocrystalline semiconductors is complex and remains poorly understood, despite its importance to the mechanical performance of these materials. In this study, we used molecular dynamics simulations with a machine-learning force field (ML-FF MD) to examine the shear deformation and failure mechanisms of nanocrystalline cadmium telluride

Shape-morphing structures have the ability to transform from one state to another, making them highly valuable in engineering applications. This study proposes a two-stage shape-morphing framework, inspired by kirigami structures, to design structures that can deploy from a compacted state to a prescribed state under certain mechanical stimuli — although the framework can also be extended to accommodate

Lamb wave has been widely used as a non-destructive testing tool for inspecting the defects or damage in the plate system. A comprehensive understanding and correct prediction of the modal characteristics of Lamb waves are of high importance for ensuring successful practical applications. In this paper, a new method called the semi-analytical peridynamic (SAPD) method for analyzing wave propagation

In this study, we present a novel nature-inspired metamaterial with a Poisson's ratio sign-switching capability, offering progressive stiffness and enhanced tunability through symmetrical configurations, with potential applications in adaptive materials and impact damping. The metamaterial's architecture is based on the Fibonacci spiral, a pattern frequently observed in biological species and natural

In phase field fracture (PFF) method, the sharp crack is approximated by a phase field crack zone whose size is characterized by a diffusive length scale. Recently, the diffusive length scale is usually regarded as a constant material parameter determined by the fracture toughness, material strength, and young's modulus. As a result, the application of the PFF method poses challenges when dealing with

Dynamic breaking and reforming of sacrificial bonds in sliding interfaces of biological and bioinspired heterostructures could greatly enhance fracture resistance by providing a self-healing energy dissipation process. Nevertheless, how interfacial self-healing behaviors and nonuniform stress transfer act in concert over multiple length scales and boost fracture toughness remains elusive. Here, a multiscale

The scale effect of vortex generators, as microstructures, influences cavitation erosion remains unclear, posing a key challenge to applying vortex generators in large-scale hydraulic machinery. In this study, the vortex generators (VGs) with heights of 0.25 mm (micro-VG) and 2.5 mm (large-VG), installed at the leading edge of a smooth NACA0015 hydrofoil, were investigated through experimental and

In this work, an approach for engineering translational-rotational coupling (TRC) metamaterials with magnetically tunable topological states is proposed. The metamaterial exhibits diverse nonlinear mechanical behaviors, remotely controlled and activated by an external magnetic field. The design is realized through a multi-material microstructure with highly deformable hinge configurations, targeting

Magnetic topological structures have attracted great attention due to their potential applications in memory and logic devices. Achieving the controllable transition between different magnetic topological structures is crucial for their application. Here, we develop a phase field model with strain-modulated Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) and predict the controllable transitions between skyrmion

Ion implantation plays a nontrivial role in improving the mechanical properties of materials. Unfortunately, the atomic-scale understanding and awareness of the improvement mechanisms remain insufficiently clear and accurate. This paper investigates the nanostructural evolution of carbon ion implanted ferrite and the mechanical response under uniaxial tension leveraging molecular dynamics (MD) simulation

The compressed air energy storage (CAES) system necessitates rapid and precise adjustment of turbine operational states to align with fluctuating system loads during the energy release process. As the air storage pressure continuously declines, the adoption of an appropriate air distribution method becomes imperative to enhance turbine performance. This study innovatively investigates the coupled optimal

Sandwich single-phase-driven piezoelectric actuators have attracted increasing interest owing to their simple control circuits, flexible designs, and high output forces. However, there are challenges in constructing a standing-wave driving mode for sandwich single-phase-driven rotary piezoelectric actuators and in achieving bidirectional driving as well as an integrated structural and functional design

The post-buckling behavior of a slender beam that is laterally constrained between two parallel walls is studied, where one wall is fixed and the other is pushed by the beam against a nonlinear spring. This model system is of relevance to a range of engineering applications and physical systems, such as deep drilling, stent procedures, and filopodia growth in living cells. The mathematical model accounts

The interaction of piezoelectricity with semiconducting property in piezoelectric semiconductors (PSCs) can be utilized to realize the amplification and gain of elastic waves and to tune the electronic property. This not only makes PSCs have enormous potential in multifunctional electronic devices, but also raises many multi-field coupled problems that need to be investigated. This paper considers

A dynamic structure under vibration loading within its natural frequency range can experience failure due to vibration fatigue. Understanding the causes of such failure requires pinpointing the initiation time and location of fatigue cracks, tracking their propagation, and identifying the frequency range of critical stress responses. This research introduces a novel, thermoelasticity-based method –

Surface post-processing of metal additive manufacturing components is challenging due to their typically complex geometries (e.g., curved surfaces) coupled with high initial surface roughness. Herein, we propose an efficient solid dielectric electrochemical polishing (SDECP) method employing ion exchange resin particles with a porous structure that absorbs and stores electrolytes as a conductive medium

In this paper, a physical-based constitutive model for cryogenic deformation was established by introducing internal variables related to temperature, T and grain size, d. Uniaxial tensile tests and microstructure observations were carried out to reveal macroscopic deformation behavior and corresponding microscopic deformation mechanism. The classical Kocks–Mecking model was modified by distinguishing

Homogenization analysis is widely used to derive effective macroscopic properties of composite materials instead of experimental characterization. However, this approach is computationally demanding. To address this challenge, we aim to (i) derive a reduced basis homogenization method (RBHM) to vector-valued partial differential equations (PDEs), addressing a gap in predicting homogenized elastic properties

A perfectly smooth contact surface does not exist in nature and industrial applications. Even a body, that seems perfectly smooth to the naked eye, will show surface roughness at a higher magnification. Due to the roughness of the surface, there are areas of contact and separation, which increases the complexity of the contact calculation. However, this computational complexity increases further due

Extremely low dynamic stiffness is essential for the successful utilization of quasi-zero stiffness (QZS) structures for vibration isolation, energy harvesting, and micromechanical sensing. However, most conventional QZS structures are based on a parallel connection of positive and negative stiffness mechanisms, which poses challenges for stiffness matching, structure design, and fabrication. We propose

Particle Impact Drilling (PID) technology is highly efficient for exploitation of unconventional energy resources in extra-deep and ultra-hard strata. The multi-scale dynamic responses and fracture mechanics analysis of rock formations in drilling using the PID are discussed in this paper. Firstly, rock fracture experiments and penetration performance under submerged particle jet impact were conducted

The random disturbances in feature distribution, resulting from the weak rigidity and difficult-to-machine nature of workpieces, significantly impede the intelligent monitoring of aerospace thin-walled parts machining. To address this issue, a surface roughness monitoring model integrating tool state information is proposed. Unlike existing data-driven approaches that typically focus on model-centric

This paper proposes the novel multi-physical nonlinear dynamic biaxial buckling and reliability analysis for sandwich graphene platelets reinforced porous plates with magneto-electro-elastic sheets (SGPLRP-MEE) advanced by the adaptive virtual model, accounting for physically inspired multi-dimensional uncertainties. To circumvent cumbersome multi-physical simulations while minimizing computational

Projectile impacts are a common safety problem for the fluid-filled structures. However, there is no universal theoretical approach to the quantitative characterization of this phenomenon, which restricts the associated hazard assessment. To address this issue, a theoretical model was proposed to describe the dynamic responses of liquid-filled vessels impacted by a high-velocity projectile, with a

Abrasive slurry and water jets can be used together with erosion-resistant masks to rapidly machine micro-pockets. However, the use of masks can result in an undesirable erosion and mask under-etching which can locally increase the depth twofold or more in the vicinity of the mask edges. Although the detailed mechanisms leading to the undesirable erosion are not well understood, they appear to be related

A computational framework is established to implement time-dependent data-driven surrogate constitutive models for the homogenised mechanical response of porous elastomers at large strains. The aim is to enhance the computational efficiency of multiscale analyses through the use of these surrogate models. To achieve this, explicit finite element (FE) simulations are conducted to predict the homogenised

Aluminum alloy lattice-grid sandwich cylinders, comprising a symmetric pyramidal truss core and open grid face-sheets, are additively manufactured using the selective laser melting method. The compression behaviors of these sandwich cylinders are investigated. Failure is controlled by three competing mechanisms: global buckling, core shear instability and grid buckling, with the active failure mode

Origami has attracted much attention from scientists and engineers in recent years. Classic origami only permits rotations around creases, while origami-like structures in nature can also undergo a certain degree of extension at creases. In this paper, an earwig-inspired origami with rotational symmetry is proposed and analyzed by introducing soft creases. Such a soft crease is equivalent to a combination

Vibro-impact system, as an important type of non-smooth system, exhibits intricately nonlinear characteristics. Inevitably, the vibro-impact system will encounter random excitations, but the conventional methods ar7e not eligible for simultaneous determination of its transient responses and reliabilities. Commonly, existing methods of applying non-smooth transformation tend to ignore the essential

This study proposes a novel ultra-precision machining technology that uses ultrasonic vibration and a straight-nosed diamond tool to improve the processing of the brittle optical material zinc selenide (ZnSe). This research addresses the challenges posed by Poisson's effect in ultrasonic vibration-assisted single-point diamond turning, which causes bending vibration along the depth of cut, resulting

The linear viscoelastic behavior of materials is represented using mechanical models of choice, which are further utilized in different numerical investigations, such as finite element simulations and discrete element simulations. Burger's model is one of the widely adopted mechanical models and remains highly favored in contemporary research due to its multiple advantages. Specifically, it excels

By imitating the natural phenomenon of waves pushing leaves, a compact novel wave-type piezoelectric actuator is proposed in this paper. Compared to traditional inchworm piezoelectric actuators, it combines the clamping unit and driving unit into an arc-shaped flexible driving foot (AFDF). Clamping and driving functions are realized by alternately controlling two ends of the AFDF using two piezoelectric

Explicit FE (Finite Element) method offers distinct advantages for a variety of simulations, including nonlinear transient dynamics, large deformation due to buckling, and damage evolution in materials or structures. However, conventional computational homogenization techniques, such as the FE2 and direct FE2 (D-FE2) methods, have not yet been integrated with an explicit algorithm because of the implicit

In recent years, piezoelectric composite materials have been widely used in the design of underwater anechoic coatings due to their adaptability to tuning parameters. However, there are also some shortcomings, such as a single dissipation mechanism, narrow bandwidth, and poor low-frequency sound absorption. This work proposes an acoustic composite structure combining piezoelectric composite materials

The application of origami in engineering has offered innovative solutions for deployable structures, such as in space exploration, civil construction, robotics, and medical devices, due to its ability to enable compact folding and expansive deployment. Despite its great potential, prior studies have predominantly focused on the static or kinematic aspects of the origami, leaving the dynamic deployment

This paper presents a novel approach utilizing piezoelectric plate structures with random electrode distribution patterns for energy harvesting applications across various vibration modes. For the first time, leveraging electromechanical Finite Element Analysis (eFEA) and data extraction techniques, we investigate the integration of conditional Generative Adversarial Networks (cGAN)-based dynamic models

How the nonlocal interaction effects of particle-reinforced polymer composites manifest themselves from their underlying microstructure is not fully understood, thus greatly limiting the ability to model their mechanical properties. This paper explores the nonlocal interaction mechanisms of particle-reinforced polymer composites and unveils that both the nonlocal interaction effects between particles

This article proposes a micropolar phase-field model for size-dependent brittle fracture in solids under electro-mechanical loading conditions. Considering displacement, micro-rotation, electric potential, and phase-field variable as the kinematic descriptors and employing the virtual power principle, we derive a set of coupled governing partial differential equations (PDEs) for size-dependent solids