As metamaterials are widely used in engineering fields, the demand for the extraordinary properties of metamaterials is no longer satisfied with a single function. The multi-functional integrated design of metamaterial structure is the basis of a new research direction and technology path applied to engineering equipment with complex working conditions. At present, in the aerospace, transportation, and other engineering fields, there is a high demand for lightweight mechanical metamaterials with high mechanical properties and strong energy absorption characteristics. Therefore, an integrated design method of multi-functional metamaterial structures with impact resistance and vibration reduction characteristics is proposed in the work. Through the stiffness analysis of the curved beam structure, the influence law of the structure parameters on stiffness is obtained, to design the structure form which is prone to rotating buckling and realize the limitation of impact energy. In addition, by tuning the strain of the cell structure, the characteristic frequency is reduced to zero, to obtain the overdamping effect and greatly improve the impact energy attenuation characteristics of the structure. The multi-layer design idea is integrated into the structural design, and the combination of hyperelastic material and metal is adopted to realize the integrated design of high stiffness and high damping characteristics, and the design criteria of lightweight is guaranteed. Based on the design concept of biomimetic metamaterials, the multi-scale lattice structure with local resonant bandgap is constructed through fractal design. By introducing the improved IHB method, the bandgap characteristics of the lattice structure are analyzed theoretically, and the vibration control technology with the large bandwidth is realized by parameter design, in which the bandwidth range is up to 5kHz. Through the design strategy of the multi-stage energy absorption structure, the energy dissipation characteristics of the structure are further improved, the limit of structure thickness is broken, and the excellent energy absorption effect is achieved under the condition of low-thickness (single-layer array structure), in which the attenuation rate of impact displacement and impact acceleration is greater than 97 %. The key problem that dynamic mechanical properties are difficult to integrate with static mechanical properties in metamaterial structures is solved. The vibration control characteristics and impact resistance characteristics of the structure are verified by experiments, which confirms the authenticity and accuracy of the research work. The work achieves perfect compatibility of impact resistance characteristics and vibration reduction characteristics and achieves an excellent energy absorption effect with the single-layer array structure. It provides the theoretical and technical basis for the development of multi-functional integrated design methods of metamaterial structures and provides technical support for the application of metamaterial structures in engineering problems.

中文翻译：

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基于过阻尼效应的多功能超材料：设计、研究、优化


随着超材料在工程领域的广泛应用，对超材料非凡性能的需求不再满足单一的功能。超材料结构的多功能集成设计是应用于复杂工况工程装备的新研究方向和技术路径的基础。目前，在航空航天、交通等工程领域，对具有高机械性能和强吸能特性的轻量化机械超材料存在很高的需求。因此，在工作中提出了一种具有抗冲击和减振特性的多功能超材料结构的集成设计方法。通过对曲梁结构的刚度分析，得到结构参数对刚度的影响规律，从而设计出易发生旋转屈曲的结构形式，实现冲击能量的限制。此外，通过调整单元结构的应变，将特征频率降低到零，从而获得过阻尼效果，大大改善结构的冲击能量衰减特性。将多层设计思想融入结构设计中，采用超弹性材料与金属相结合，实现高刚度、高阻尼特性的一体化设计，保证了轻量化的设计准则。基于仿生超材料的设计理念，通过分形设计构建了具有局部谐振带隙的多尺度晶格结构。 通过引入改进的IHB方法，从理论上分析了晶格结构的带隙特性，并通过参数设计实现了带宽大的振动控制技术，其中带宽范围高达5kHz。通过多级吸能结构的设计策略，进一步改善了结构的耗能特性，打破了结构厚度的限制，在冲击位移和冲击加速度衰减率大于97%的低厚度（单层阵列结构）条件下取得了优异的吸能效果。解决了超材料结构中动态力学性能难以与静态力学性能融合的关键问题。通过实验验证了该结构的振动控制特性和抗冲击特性，证实了研究工作的真实性和准确性。该工作实现了抗冲击特性和减振特性的完美相容，并通过单层阵列结构实现了出色的能量吸收效果。为超材料结构多功能集成设计方法的发展提供了理论和技术基础，为超材料结构在工程问题中的应用提供了技术支持。