To minimize the dust removal duration associated with tunnel blasting excavation, this study employs on-site measurements and numerical simulations within a railway tunnel to investigate the dynamics of blasting dust during construction. On-site, a dust meter is utilized to monitor the blasting dust in real-time. Utilizing one-dimensional uniform turbulent diffusion theory and numerical simulation

Using shotcrete as lining supports can effectively prevent tunnels from the rock burst of the surrounding rock, while rock-concrete interfaces play key roles in determining the supporting effect. In the present study, both experimental and numerical efforts are made to quantify the effect of joint roughness coefficient (i.e., JRC ranging from 4 to 20) and interface shape (i.e., wave, triangle and ladder-shape)

Prestressed concrete cylinder pipe (PCCP) is a critical type of pressure pipe widely used in major water conveyance projects worldwide. As essential components of a PCCP, the mortar coating and concrete core are directly linked to its operational safety. This study employed piezoelectric lead zirconate titanate (PZT) devices as transducers to generate excitation vibrations and measure the resulting

The maximum ceiling excess smoke temperature is a critical parameter for assessing fire safety in Z-shaped passages. These passages are long and narrow spaces formed by two horizontal segments connected by an inclined passage. Smoke movement in such passages significantly differs from traditional confined spaces due to the stack effect and the presence of corners where the horizontal and inclined segments

Heat damage in tunnels is an increasingly prevalent issue, particularly in deeply buried tunnels. Thermal pressure ventilation cannot be ignored in high-temperature inclined tunnels. Implementing appropriate thermal pressure ventilation can lead to substantial energy savings. To achieve this outcome, this study proposes a novel calculation model that integrates analytical solutions for the surrounding

The dislocation of concrete pipe joints, caused by factors such as uneven settlement and surface loads, can lead to structural deterioration and even failure of the pipeline. Addressing how to repair such pipelines to enhance their disaster resistance and resilience is a critical issue. This study focuses on Bell & Spigot dislocated concrete pipes, conducting a full-scale model box experiment on the

In this study, an investigation was conducted on the rehabilitation of longitudinally cracked reinforced concrete pipes (RCPs) under preloaded conditions using the spraying method, based on TEB tests. The effects of sustaining preload and not sustaining preload on the performance of the rehabilitated pipes were examined, alongside the relationship between external loads and pipe displacement, strain

During and after the destruction of underground structures, the elastic properties of subsurface rocks may undergo significant changes. Monitoring and detecting these subtle changes in elastic properties require techniques with high precision and high spatiotemporal resolution, which are challenging to achieve with conventional geophysical methods. Although nonlinear elastic characteristics have been

Rockbolt is a common support method in underground tunnel engineering, used to enhance the strength of rock mass and improve the stability of surrounding rock. In this paper, the three-dimensional (3D) FDEM method is employed to study the influence of rockbolts on the deformation and crack evolution of surrounding rock in tunnel engineering. Firstly, the CUDA-based GPU parallel 3D FDEM algorithm is

In urban area tunnelling projects, preventing the adverse effects of tunnel construction on nearby structures often involves the use of embedded walls or piles. Designing the key parameters of these embedded structures is challenging due to the complex interaction between the soil and the structure. This paper presents a numerical investigation into the effects of embedded wall bending stiffness and

Shield machines are widely used in the construction of urban subway tunnels. Clear geological conditions are the prerequisite for safe and efficient shield tunneling. The vibration signal generated by the disc cutter cutting the rock contains rich information during the shield tunneling process. This paper analyzes the basic characteristics of vibration generated by the interaction between the disc

The shear behavior of the pipe-soil interface determines the frictional resistance of pipe jacking. In the interfacial direct shear tests of well-graded dense sand against steel pipe under both unlubricated and lubricated scenarios, the shear stress initially exhibits hardening followed by softening. The shear band forms in the hardening stage, and significant morphology of the shear band varies in

Jacking prestressed concrete cylinder pipe (JPCCP) represents an innovative composite pipe technology well-suited for water supply and drainage projects. Currently, JPCCP designs frequently reference existing prestressed concrete cylinder pipe (PCCP) and pipe jacking standards, neglecting the impact of axial jacking force on the composite structure’s performance and the highly nonlinear issues encountered

Unprecedented urban development poses significant subsidence challenges, primarily attributed to underground construction activities. Conventional approaches for monitoring these underground operations can be cumbersome. Therefore, time-series InSAR techniques emerges as a promising approach to quantify these deformations with high spatio-temporal details. However, distinguishing subsidence from city-scale

Inherent soil variability, measurement error, statistical uncertainty, and transformation uncertainty constitute the four main sources of geotechnical uncertainties. This paper presents a systematic probabilistic analysis framework, through a case study, to assess the influence of geotechnical uncertainty on the existing shield tunnel settlement due to new tunneling underneath. Within this framework

Inclined tunnels serve as a vital role in modern urban transportation networks. Nevertheless, the height-induced stack effect caused by the tunnel inclination during tunnel fires, results in smoke movement with multi-directional flow patterns, thus making the smoke flow in a very complicated manner. This study investigates the inlet ventilation velocity with flow field characteristics analysis for

Multimodal integration can effectively address the challenges of sustainable urban freight, and utilizing a metro-based passenger and freight cotransportation system during off-peak hours represents a viable interim solution before establishing an underground logistics system. Given the constraints related to passenger carriage crowding, this study explores an integrated optimization problem that involves

In tunnelling using tunnel boring machine (TBM), the surrounding rocks are typically supported by precast lining segments, pea-gravel backfilling and grouting. The compactness of the backfill layer is critical for ensuring the safety of the tunnel construction. However, poor fluidity of cement generally leads to uneven grouting effects, resulting in lower density in certain areas of the backfill layer

With underground commercial space (UCS) increasingly becoming an essential area in the daily life of citizens, how to spatially quantify users’ comfort in underground commercial space and enhance the willingness of users to use underground facilities has become an urgent problem that needs to be solved. In order to improve the Perceptual impression of UCS and quantitatively assess users’ Perception

Mechanical rock-breaking tools generally perform poorly in cutting. To meet the “double carbon” target, it is important to reduce the consumption of metal materials and the waste of metallurgical energy. These issues are often caused by the frequent failures of rock-breaking tools in extreme geological formations. Such formations are characterized by high ground stress, high rock strength, and high

Tunnels are a crucial component of national transportation infrastructure, playing a vital role in social development and urban planning. With the widespread application of 3D laser scanning technology in tunnel engineering, accurately extracting information from vast scanning data and filtering out noise points has become particularly important. To address this challenge, we proposed a Polar coordinate

Crack detection and documentation play a vital role in the asset management of large-scale tunnel complexes. This study proposes a computer vision-based tunnel crack data management method enabling 3D visualization, quantification, and documentation into structured data. The method reconstructs sparse point clouds with Structure from Motion (SfM) and cleans the irrelevant tunnel facilities with a two-stage

In deep-buried long tunnels, train derailment accidents pose a serious threat to the stability of the tunnel lining structures and the safety of personnel along the line. To address the impact damage to the secondary lining caused by high-speed train derailments, a three-dimensional nonlinear dynamic analysis model of the Electric Multiple Unit (EMU) − lining − soil system was established. The advantages

The large-scale collapse resulting from TBM tunneling within fault fracture zones leads to cutterhead and shield jamming. Given the significant gravitational force of the rock mass and ground stress, the collapse height serves as a key identification factor. Starting with the jamming scenarios of the cutterhead and shield, a mechanical expression for the theoretical model of collapse height is formulated

In this study, the impact behaviour of tunnel lining structures constructed using a novel topological interlocking system with steel fibre reinforced concrete (SFRC) bricks is comprehensively investigated. A sophisticated finite element model is firstly developed to simulate the impact tests on the interlocking SFRC tunnel specimens. The model considers the geometric details of the main components

In tunnel design, the stand-up time of the surrounding rock and the stabilization time of the rock-structure after support are crucial parameters. These parameters affect excavation methods, excavation cycles, rock reinforcement strategies, and the timing of support installation. Currently, evaluations are largely empirical, based on surrounding rock classification, making it challenging to ascertain

Natural gas leakage occurring in underground utility tunnels usually poses a significant threat to public safety. In order to prevent unexpected fires and explosions, the evolution mechanism of natural gas leakage and dispersion in utility tunnels is urgently needed. In this study, an experimental apparatus was built to facilitate the understanding of leakage and dispersion dynamics in utility tunnels

Clarifying the hydroelastic dynamic response of submerged floating tunnel (SFT) is an important prerequisite for its safety design. Currently, most of the research focuses on theoretical analysis and numerical simulation, and lack of relevant 3D model tests. In this series of studies, 3D entire long span experiments were carried out to systematically study the hydroelastic response mechanism of the

This study investigates the long-term settlement behaviour induced by shield tunnelling in soft ground, employing a case study and numerical modelling to achieve a comprehensive understanding. Soil consolidation plays a critical role in long-term surface settlement, necessitating precise calibration of essential tunnelling parameters such as face pressure and grouting pressure. The findings indicate

The primary factor influencing the blasting excavation speed of coal mine rock roadways is cut blasting. Traditionally, cut holes are positioned at the lower part of the section, leading to uneven minimum resistance lines for the subsequent row of auxiliary holes after blasting, which results in poor rock fragmentation. In this paper, an innovative concept that cutting area is similar to the rock roadway

The magnitude and direction of stress will affect the failure of roadway. The impact of stress magnitude and direction on roadway failure was investigated using a rock failure system equipped with true triaxial loading, acoustic emission (AE), and digital image correlation (DIC) technologies. The system allowed for the simulation of rock sample failures under various three-dimensional stress conditions

Cement–sodium silicate (C–S) slurry has been widely used to prevent water inrush during the construction of submarine tunnels. The diffusion mechanism of C–S slurry in seawater is still unknown. In this study, a series of contrast and orthogonal tests was conducted using a visual fracture grouting device to investigate the effects of the initial flowing water speed, seawater content, grouting rate

When predicting ground surface settlement caused by constructing a new tunnel beneath existing structures, traditional stochastic medium theory inadequately accounts for the effects of abrupt changes in the cross-sectional areas of variable-section tunnels and the presence of existing structures, potentially leading to significant errors. In this paper, an enhanced ground surface settlement prediction

The sealing gasket during the tunnel operation period is in a complicated stress state that is affected by the shear and compression forces, but current waterproof tests cannot achieve this stress state. To evaluate the waterproof performance of the gasket under the influence of the compression-shear stress, a novel waterproof testing apparatus was developed. Two offset conditions were designed: the

Seismic fragility analysis can quantitatively evaluate the seismic performance of structures from a probabilistic viewpoint and accurately characterize the relationship between the degree of structural damage and ground motion intensity. This study investigates the seismic fragility of shield tunnels in three different liquefiable and non-liquefiable soils. A plane-strain finite element model of the

This paper presents an isolation pile–soil lateral interaction model that considers not only the relative linear sliding at the pile-soil interface but also the pile group–soil interaction. The model allows for the calculation of the pile–soil interaction force using the elastic continuum method combined with the displacement compatibility relationship at the pile–soil interface, thus enabling the

The Prefabricated Machinery-excavation Structure (PMS) represents a pioneering solution that addresses the technical challenges for the construction of underground spaces in bustling urban environments. Unlike traditional engineering designs, the decision-making process for PMS involves the integration of multi-source information from both machinery and structure. Currently, the intricate mechanisms

The micromechanical mechanism of upward pipe-soil interaction in unsaturated soil remains unresolved. This study investigates the upward pipe-soil interactions in dry and unsaturated granular soil througha sequence of coupled discrete element method and finite element method (DEM-FEM) simulations. The capillary suction effect was simulated using the Johnson-Kendall-Roberts (JKR) adhesive model, while

Understanding the time-dependent behavior of rocks has long been a critical challenge, hindered by complex multiscale failure mechanisms and time effects. Prolonged exposure to environmental factors such as groundwater and corrosive ions causes significant time-dependent behavior in the surrounding rock, posing potential risks to tunnel safety. In this study, the discrete element method was adopted

Line C of Rome underground will cross the city from southeast to northwest, with a total length of about 25 km, passing through the historical city centre. This is a difficult environment due to many archaeological finds and pre-existing buildings of great historical value. Along stretch T3 of the line two conventional tunnels connect the TBMs launching pit to the new San Giovanni station. They run

In the process of the gob-side roadway retaining by roof cutting, the retractable U-shaped steel (RUSS) has a broad application prospect in the stability control of gangue rib. In order to establish RUSS support design method, the working mechanism and mechanical properties of RUSS are studied by using theoretical analysis, numerical experiment and field test. The research results show that RUSS will

The safety evaluation of tunnel linings after a sulfate attack is an important basis for ensuring the safety of tunnel service time. However, the existing tunnel safety evaluation methods are not specific enough regarding the service time, and the corresponding sulfate corrosion indoor test that does not consider the single-sided corrosion factor. Therefore, in order to evaluate the disease characteristics

The mechanism of the soil arching effect determines the overburden pressure of deep-buried shield tunnel, which has not been fully studied. 3 model tests for deep-buried shield tunneling with different vertical pressures acting on the top of the ground were carried out. The changes in the ground stress, displacement, and shear strain during the model tunnel contraction were measured. The experimental

In coal mine tunnels, geotechnical engineering tunnels, and other underground semi-enclosed workspaces, tunneling operations generate significant dust. Most current dust control technologies rely on forced ventilation system or long-pressure and short-extraction system, which often lead to airborne dust spreading towards the tunnel’s rear, resulting in severe dust pollution. To address this issue,

The application of full-decay induced polarization offers additional potential to characterize water-bearing structures. The method enables inversion imaging of four parameters: zero-frequency resistivity, intrinsic polarizability, relaxation time, and frequency-dependent coefficient. Due to the inherent volume effect in electrical exploration, the inversion results often fail to accurately depict

The powerful impact generated by a rock burst in a coal mine roadway can easily cause ordinary steel strand anchor cables to break, detach, and deform. To address these issues, an expansion–friction energy-absorbing structure designed for installation on ordinary steel strand anchor cables was developed, establishing a novel type of energy-absorbing anchor cable. To investigate the macroscopic deformation

Clastic rock and breccia are mostly developed in fault fracture zones. Due to their poor stability and easy occurrence of water structures, tunnels are prone to collapse, water inrush and other disasters when encountering clastic rock and breccia, which seriously affects the safety of tunnel construction. In order to reduce the impact of such disasters on construction, the paper takes the No.4 branch

To solve the problem that the traditional fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) cannot reflect the influence of prominent risk indexes on the evaluation results, a new risk assessment model of shield construction adjacent to the existing shield tunnel was established by introducing nonlinear operators into the traditional FAHP. A risk assessment index system including 5 primary risk indexes and 21

Unlike water inrush occurring in karst and faults, debris flow inrush involves a greater number of debris such as mud and sand, and exhibit a more complex evolution process of disaster, characterized by significant progressive erosion phenomenon. At present, the progressive erosion characteristics from fine particles to coarse particles before the burst of debris flow inrush is still unclear, and there

Apart from the settlement trough, the joint behavior in terms of dislocation and opening plays a pivotal role in determining the longitudinal performance of shield tunnel, while they have been less tackled neither on the site nor in the scaled test system. This paper proposes a novel physical modeling system with the emphasis on capturing both the longitudinal settlement trough and circumferential

Double lining with outer segmental lining and inner reinforced concrete lining is extensively used for water conveyance tunnel with internal water pressure. In order to improve the performance of the double lining, the steel rebar and fibre reinforced concrete (R/FRC) is designed for inner lining to enhance the tensile strength of reinforced concrete (RC). Full-scale tests were conducted to compare

Expanding mining operations in goaf zones heightens gas production potential, posing challenges in maintaining adequate ventilation within development panels, consequently impacting coal production. Various strategies have been explored to enhance mine ventilation and gas drainage effectiveness. However, deficiencies persist in the proposed ventilation system for the Okaba underground coal mine, prompting

The urban roadway tunnel system (URTS), as an infrastructure system that includes equipment and facilities, operational staff, and traffic participants, faces challenges arising from various potential fire threats. Existing studies on tunnel fire risk primarily focus on static assessment, neglecting dynamic changes over time, and insufficiently considering the complexity of tunnel composition, leading

Understanding the axial load transfer mechanism of rock bolts under diverse conditions is essential for optimizing reinforcement in rock structures, advancing our comprehension of rock support, and facilitating the design of robust engineering solutions. This paper reports the outcomes of an extensive experimental investigation, focusing on the axial behavior of protective sheathed rock bolts employed

Digital twins (DTs) offer promising benefits to address several inherent problems in underground construction, yet confusion surrounds the concept due to its context-specific nature which hinders more widespread adoption. This paper seeks to clarify DT-related terminologies from a built environment perspective and define the features and maturity levels of DTs for underground spaces, considering their

The paper focuses on determining lower and upper approximations of the pressure required on the unlined part of a tunnel’s front under drained conditions. This work is carried out within the framework of classic limit analysis. In the last three decades, various approaches have been explored to enhance the understanding of the minimum pressure required for ensuring the stability of the massif during

The conventional similarity theory derived from dimensional analysis struggles with the well-known issue of non-scalability of material strain-rate effects between scaled models and prototypes. This limitation has significantly hindered the application of scaled model tests, particularly small-scale centrifugal model tests, in the study of structures against blast loading. To overcome this challenge

In some megacities, urban subway and municipal engineering are developing in the tendency of large cross-section and great buried depth, which brings a series of challenges to the design and construction of underground engineering. The mechanical characteristics and failure mechanism of tunnels have been paid more and more attention. Based on Xietaizi Subway Station tunnel in Chongqing, China, the

Geological labels obtained from field exploration have potential errors due to technique limitations and subjective interference, leading to noisy labels when developing ground-machine interaction models for TBM tunneling. The present study proposes a novel confident learning-based support vector machine (CL-SVM) to eliminate label noise, thereby improving the accuracy and credibility of ground classification

Prestressed double-layer lining (segmental lining and prestressed lining) of shield tunnels has good seepage resistance and strong stability, and is a new type of support structure with great potential in high internal water pressure water transmission projects. For prestressed water conveyance tunnel projects, the reasonable value of lining tensioning prestress is the key to the economy and safety