Prefabricated ceiling radiant panel is one type of efficient and lightweight radiant heating and cooling terminal, which has been widely used in many commercial and residential buildings. The surface temperature distribution of radiant terminal is a crucial factor that affects the local thermal discomfort for heating and the surface condensation risk for cooling. However, the existing research on surface

Accurate fault diagnosis of chillers is essential for extending equipment lifespan and reducing energy consumption. Currently, data-driven diagnostic models for chillers exhibit impressive performance. However, the outstanding performance is only guaranteed in condition of sufficient and high-quality data, i.e., data is often uncertain and insufficient. To resolve this problem, this study proposes

Hot waves happened more often in summer due to the global climate change, which leads to hot indoor environment when air conditioning systems are absent. To improve individual thermal comfort in warm/hot indoor environment, a ventilating vest with thermoelectric cooling (TEC) was proposed. The design of TEC module and ventilating vest was introduced. The measured cooling capacity of cooling vest was

Deviation of pressure differential from design under static conditions and delayed convergency of pressure fluctuation after dynamic disturbances are widely reported problems associated with pressure differential control in non-isobaric buildings. This study performed field measurements to investigate the pressure differential mechanisms under static and dynamic disturbance in several non-isobaric

Towards the dual goals of energy conservation and outdoor thermal comfort, this study proposed a parametric-oriented optimization design technology for densely-built residential blocks based on the dynamic local energy balance (DLEB) model. The DLEB model was corrected by hourly error formulas based on the field measurement data conducted in Guangzhou, China, which used six local climate zone-derived

Efficient thermal environment control in large public buildings with atria is critical for reducing energy consumption and carbon emissions. This study investigates the indoor thermal environments of two distinct atria in Suining, China, within a Hot Summer and Cold Winter (HSCW) climate zone. A novel methodology combining K-means clustering algorithms and multiple linear regression (CAMLR) was employed

The Venlo ventilation system is one of the most widely adopted designs for greenhouses, and it is known for its distinctive roof structure that promotes natural airflow. However, despite its widespread use, it is often inadequate in maintaining the desired temperatures during the summer. This increases the risk of heat stress for greenhouse workers, particularly under the high humidity conditions typically

This article presents an experimental study of a Trombe wall made of cellular concrete, associated with different vent configurations. The experiments were conducted in the laboratory using a Trombe wall connected to an adjacent room, under conditions of an intermediate season. The measurements focus on temperature and heat flux measured in various areas of the facility. Five configurations are compared:

In various industrial manufacturing scenarios, maintaining a low humidity environment with a low dew point temperature (DPT) is crucial. Significant energy consumption is incurred during dehumidification processes. The Heat Pump Desiccant Wheel (HPDW) system emerges as an effective solution to regulate indoor temperature and humidity under such conditions. To improve the energy efficiency of HPDW systems

This study presents an experimental analysis of the thermoregulation characteristics of double-glazed windows integrated with phase change material (PCM) packages and black film coatings. The research focuses on varying the PCM area ratios (ARs) within the vertical glazing, specifically 15 %, 30 %, and 45 %, to evaluate their impact on thermal management and thermoregulation. The experimental setup

Net Zero Energy Buildings (NZEB) represent a significant opportunity to reduce building energy consumption and achieve the climate and energy goals that will be necessary in the future. Nevertheless, the effective operation and maintenance (O&M) management of NZEB remains a significant challenge. This is largely due to the inadequate management of the O&M phase and the lack of comprehensive data integration

Lighting has more functions than simply illuminating spaces. For humans, light is the main signal that aligns our body’s internal clock, regulating circadian rhythms. This process instructs our bodies to wake up in the morning, become alert during the day, and feel sleepy at night. Disruption of these rhythms can impact neurological and psychiatric health, including cognitive performance. We can utilize

This paper presents a privacy-preserving Multi-Center Federated Learning (MCFL) framework for district heating demand forecasting with a 24-hour prediction horizon. To evaluate the effectiveness of this framework, we conducted a comparative analysis across three models: a monolithic model, a traditional federated learning (FL) model, and the proposed MCFL model. Our results demonstrate that the MCFL

Fault-impact analysis (FIA) in heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems involves forecasting system loads in the absence of equipment malfunction and inappropriate sequences of operations with the intention of setting a target for optimal operating energy use and encouraging and augmenting fault correction. Fault correction is an ongoing and resource-intensive endeavor for operations

South Korea’s declining fertility rate has led to numerous school closures, particularly in rural areas. Many of these shuttered schools, especially those designated as National Registered Cultural Heritage, face significant reuse challenges due to outdated infrastructure and strict preservation regulations. Common issues include poor insulation, energy inefficiency, and high carbon emissions, complicating

To bridge the research gap of landscape types’ impact on overall comfort, this study studied the relationship between the combined effect of thermal-acoustic-air quality and overall comfort in urban pocket parks during winter through surveys and monitoring. Environmental parameters monitored included outdoor air temperature, relative humidity, wind velocity, ambient noise etc. The (thermal, acoustic

One of the most critical places in buildings in terms of building thermal technology involves the windows where temperature often drops below the critical temperature leading to mould growth or surface condensation. Many factors play a major role here, affecting the functionality of the entire system. These factors include the nominal indoor and outdoor temperatures, outdoor and indoor relative humidity

A coupled finite element model has been developed to simulate heat and water transfer across earth walls, considering pore water phase changes and the associated latent heat fluxes. The adopted approach simplifies parametric analyses by expressing all material hygrothermal properties as functions of porosity and water retention characteristics. The model is used to assess the influence of pore water

With the increase of household PV installation, the timing-mismatch between PV power and load demand has been a challenging issue facing home energy management (HEM). This study developed a multi-time resolution scheduling method, utilizing the flexibility of thermostatically controlled loads (TCLs) and batteries, to improve the real-time energy matching performance of PV-based home energy system (HES)

The majority of rural residences in China have poor thermal performance, resulting in significant carbon emissions. Meanwhile, economic cost level is critical to achieve low-carbon construction. In the study, the dual-control objectives of life cycle carbon emission and economic cost for rural residences were proposed, and an optimization model was developed including the objective function models

The unprecedented rise in global temperatures, extreme weather events, and the depletion of natural resources underscore the urgent need for sustainable practices. Energy-saving solutions are pivotal in mitigating these challenges by reducing carbon emissions, lessening our reliance on finite energy sources, and ultimately contributing to a more resilient and environmentally conscious future. Thus

The energy-saving potential of occupancy-centric smart thermostats has been extensively explored in simulations but lacked field testing for energy savings quantification and sensor performance assessment in real buildings. This paper presents a long-term field study conducted in a single-family home in Texas, U.S. to evaluate the performance of occupancy-centric controls (OCC) of HVAC (heating, ventilation

Passive energy consumption optimisation strategies present suitable remedies for mitigating the detrimental effects of buildings on both individuals and the environment. Despite their potential, the drivers and barriers to adopting passive strategies for buildings have yet to be comprehensively investigated, leaving a critical gap in the existing body of knowledge. Addressing this gap is of critical

Residential buildings significantly impact global energy consumption. Appropriate residential façade designs can considerably reduce energy consumption in maintaining indoor comfort. Current research on residential energy-efficient façade design primarily focuses on single-objective studies and exploring parameter boundaries of isolated façade elements, neglecting holistic perspectives. It results

The dairy farming industry is confronted with significant challenges regarding energy consumption and carbon emissions. Employing renewable energy sources is an efficient method to tackle these difficulties. However, the high initial capital costs (ICC) and carbon emissions with solar-coupled air source heat pump systems (SCASHPs) posed significant economic and environmental challenges, which remained

The building sector is accountable for roughly one third of global energy- and process-related greenhouse gas emissions. Besides space heating, domestic hot water (DHW) heating contributes substantially to energy consumption and related greenhouse gas emissions in the building sector. Depending on the DHW system design and its required supply temperature, heat losses make up around 30…60 % of the energy

The anatomically specific natural convective heat transfer coefficient (hnc) is a key index in the completion of a comprehensive model of human thermoregulation and thermal comfort prediction. This study aims to obtain empirically verified hnc on body surface in both standing and sitting postures, and to generate equations of hnc for typical indoor situations. A thermal manikin consisting of 22 discrete

Residential space-conditioning-based demand flexibility (DF) has become an increasingly sought-after method for demand-side load management to enhance grid reliability and facilitate integration of renewable energy generation. However, predicting the effectiveness and flexibility of residential DF resources is challenging due to the variability in household energy use behaviors. Current estimates show

Heat transmission through building envelopes is heavily influenced by various thermal bridges, with balcony thermal bridges being a common type that significantly affects the energy performance, durability, and indoor air quality of buildings. Numerous studies highlight the importance of addressing balcony thermal bridges. To tackle this issue, researchers have explored various solutions, one notable

To expedite the decarbonization of residential buildings, it is essential to focus on deep renovations due to their superior primary energy savings. However, detailed profiling of renovators and their activities remains underexplored. Therefore, this paper aims to expand our understanding of Belgian renovators by cross-referencing sociodemographic factors with renovation activities through a large-scale

This study presents an innovative design for a concrete-based energy harvesting system, focusing on ordinary concrete, steel fiber concrete, and bamboo fiber concrete to identify the most effective material for power generation and efficiency improvement. The temperature transfer characteristics and output voltage of each concrete type are examined in detail. Simulation analyses assess how ambient

In heat pump systems, refrigerant leakage and charging faults are the common issues. Diagnosing refrigerant leakage and charging faults of the heat pump systems are crucial for reducing system energy consumption and maintaining stable high-efficiency operation. With the iteration of computing technology, data-driven approaches play an important role in fault detection and diagnosis. This research introduces

Air conditioning systems transfer heat from indoors to the outdoors during hot summers, exaggerating the urban heat island (UHI) phenomenon and the risks of relevant climatic disasters. Urban form renewal strategies are urgently required to improve the diffusion of building heat emissions (BHEs). In this study, the impacts of BHEs on the outdoor airflow and air temperature fields of 42 typical urban

Model Predictive Control (MPC) is extensively utilized for optimal control in building systems. Despite substantial research being dedicated to exploring the impact of uncertainties in external and internal disturbances on the performance of MPC, the existing studies neglect the potential impact of uncertainties in model parameter identification on control performance. To address this gap, this study

Energy-efficiency interventions are crucial for sustainable building operations to accommodate emerging indoor air quality (IAQ) criteria into their engineering life cycles. While several studies have addressed building energy consumption and IAQ considerations separately, few provide integrated analysis of these aspects in response to building hygiene practices. In response, this study evaluates the

In karst regions, groundwater flows through complex conduits and fractures, resulting in substantial variations in flow velocity and temperature, which impact the efficiency of ground heat exchangers (GHEs). In this study, numerous model experiments were carried out to examine the temperature distribution of the stratum surrounding GHEs under karst groundwater seepage conditions. A 3D numerical model

Liquid desiccant dehumidification systems (LDDS) serve as an energy-efficient alternative to conventional vapor compression refrigeration (VCR) systems, providing enhanced control over both temperature and humidity levels. However, the broader implementation of LDDS is limited due to the corrosive effects of the liquid desiccants on metal components. In response, this study introduces an economical

Growing research on the non-visual impacts of light underscores the importance of architectural glazing systems in managing transmitted shortwave solar light and shaping indoor circadian light, vital for enhancing well-being. This study, conducted in two phases, evaluates the effectiveness of existing window properties in predicting their contribution to circadian lighting. Initially, a decision tree

Accurately predicting building energy consumption is essential for enhancing energy utilization efficiency in buildings. However, the inherent volatility and noise in building energy data, caused by diverse user behaviors and potential sensor errors, make significant challenges to energy consumption prediction. To address these issues, a dual-optimization framework (IDBO-VMD-IDBO-BiLSTM) for building

Sustainable upgrades in existing buildings embrace activities enhancing the economic, environmental, and social aspects of the building and its occupants. This research aims to review the current body of knowledge related to cost-benefit analysis (CBA) of sustainable upgrades in existing buildings, while also investigating the CBA methods, cost modeling approaches, and diverse benefits explored in

Designing surface heating and cooling systems in indoor spaces requires knowledge about the heat transfer between the surface and the room. Thereby, the convective heat transfer is already researched in detail for varying temperature differences, surface orientations and geometrical designs. The radiative heat transfer is still treated roughly in building physics, mostly assuming a non-participating

This research evaluates the energy-saving potential of high-reflectivity building materials, including four coating types—normal (absorptivity 0.8, emissivity 0.8), cooling (absorptivity 0.2, emissivity 0.9), supercooling (absorptivity 0.05, emissivity 0.95), and Temperature-Adaptive Radiative Cooling (TARC) materials across 49 representative cities within ten climate zones in China using computational

The building sector holds a relevant position in decreasing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions within the European Union (EU). The revised Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD), recently adopted, sets forth ambitious goals to make the EU building stock carbon–neutral by 2050.

High building energy consumption, significant greenhouse gas emissions, and high investment are current issues in building renovation. To address this issue, an optimization model based on the improved multi-objective whale optimization algorithm (IMOWOA) coupled with GA-BP is proposed. Firstly, an energy consumption simulation model for buildings was established, and the simulated data was trained

Considering building envelope elements in hot locations, windows contribute to about one-third of the building’s total cooling load since heat is transferred effortlessly through transparent elements more than opaque ones. The present work experimentally explores the energy advancements of a phase change material (PCM) loaded in the air gap of a double-pane window. The PCM window was examined under

This study presents a comprehensive analysis of the energy performance and economic feasibility of optimal power generation systems, including an electrical network and a grid-connected PV/battery system, designed to meet the electricity demands of an industrial building in Saudi ‘Arabia’s Eastern region. The building, located in Abqaiq City, spans approximately 29,000 m2 and has an average annual

Energy piles, a form of ground-source heat pump system integrated into building foundations, show great potential for reducing building energy consumption associated with fossil fuels. While it excels in climates where cooling demand matches heating, its effectiveness faces challenges in tropical monsoon regions characterized by hot summers and cool winters. In such climates, cooling demand dominates

Naturally ventilated transitional spaces connect air-conditioned indoors with the natural outdoor environment, resulting in continuous temperature steps for individuals entering and exiting buildings. However, the relationship between transient thermal comfort characteristics and temperature step changes in the thermal environment is not well understood, and currently, there is no generally recommended

Over recent years, rigid porous plates with higher wind resistance coefficients have become more frequent in construction projects, replacing flexible dense mesh safety nets. This change has resulted in a substantial increase in the load on the surface of the clad scaffolding. The paper is centered on the characteristics of wind load on the cantilever construction scaffolding of a high-rise building

Advanced energy benchmarking in residential buildings, using data-driven modeling, provides a fast, accurate, and systematic approach to assessing energy performance and comparing it with reference standards or targets. This process is essential for identifying opportunities to improve energy efficiency and for shaping effective energy retrofit strategies. However, building professionals often face

Solar energy stands out among renewable energy sources due to its efficiency and ease of application, making it a preferred option. It can be utilized through both active and passive systems, significantly reducing heating costs. Sunspaces, a type of passive heating system, not only provide additional usable spaces but also decrease the heating load of buildings. However, studies and market applications

The precise prediction of thermal load has consistently garnered attention owing to its significant impact on energy conservation in buildings. The methodologies employed primarily concentrate on modeling within steady-state conditions, utilizing time-series data or mechanism model on fixed parameters. However, given the pronounced time-varying and multifaceted disturbance characteristics associated

Many existing and aging buildings were in urgent need of upgrades and renovations, but lack accurate geometric and energy consumption information. This study introduced an unmanned aerial vehicles-based (UAV-based) automated platform for building information modellings (BIM) to generate builidng energy modellings (BEM), which was called the UAV-BIM-BEM platform. The platform enabled the creation of

A sustainable future in the built environment is contingent on the reduction of energy consumption. Thermal insulation has been widely used as a means of reducing the operational energy usage of buildings, however current products dominating the market are non-renewable, fossil-based, and utilize energy intensive production methods. Wood fiber insulation (WFI), the most successfully commercialized

Thermal manikins enable a detailed, reproducible evaluation of the human body heat exchange with clothing and the surrounding environment. Conventional control of thermal manikins limits their use to steady-state conditions, but several studies have reported successful coupling of thermal manikins and human thermoregulatory models to expand their applicability to transient conditions. This study reports

Identifying the leakage source in industrial factories as soon as an incident happens is crucial for controlling the leak in time and safeguarding lives and property. This study developed a rapid source identification method for factories, aiming to identify the characteristics of leakage sources at the early stage of the leakage event. The approach integrates pollutant diffusion theory, sliding window

To reduce emissions from residential buildings, Germany uses incentive-based policies, such as renewable energy requirements, subsidies, and CO2 pricing. We analyze how these policies influence household decision-making regarding decentralized building energy technology and the resulting costs. We use a building-level mixed integer linear programming model to determine optimal investments and operation

Building energy modeling (BEM) is a complex process that demands significant time and expertise, limiting its broader application in building design and operations. While Large Language Models (LLMs) agentic workflow have facilitated complex engineering processes, their application in BEM has not been specifically explored. This paper investigates the feasibility of automating BEM using LLM agentic

Superhydrophobic surfaces with microstructures have garnered significant attention for anti-icing applications due to their lower cost and higher efficiency. In this paper, we designed and prepared surfaces with differently spaced groove microstructures on aluminum substrates using femtosecond laser technology combined with low-surface-energy coatings. In addition, droplet freezing times and freezing