A three‐field finite element (FE) model for dynamic porous media considering the de la Cruz and Spanos (dCS) theory is presented. Due to fluid viscous dissipation terms, wave propagation in the dCS theory yields an additional rotational wave compared to Biot (BT) theory. In addition, introducing porosity as a dynamic variable in the dCS model allows solid‐fluid nonreciprocal interactions. Due to the

During the process of treating soft soil foundations with prefabricated drainage drains (PVD), “soil columns” form around the PVD, and a “weak zone” forms outside the range of the “soil columns.” The difference in properties between the two forms a distinct interface, leading to a gradual decrease in drainage efficiency and obstruction of vertical drainage channels, which in turn causes cracks and

Deep geothermal energy, carbon capture and storage, and hydrogen storage hold considerable promise for meeting the energy sector's large‐scale requirements and reducing emissions. However, the injection of fluids into the Earth's crust, essential for these activities, can induce or trigger earthquakes. In this paper, we highlight a new approach based on reinforcement learning (RL) for the control of

Soil–rock mixture (SRM) slopes consist of soils and rocks and are widely distributed globally. In addition to heterogeneity and discontinuity within SRM slopes, the inherent spatial variability can be observed in soil and rock properties. However, spatial variability in rock and soil properties and layouts has not been well considered in the stability analysis of SRM slopes. Additionally, SRM slopes

Static liquefaction‐induced failure in tailings dams can result in extensive economic and environmental damage. In practice, the use of constitutive models capable of capturing this phenomenon and assessing structures susceptible to liquefaction is increasing. Numerous constitutive models exist and have been applied to model static liquefaction of tailings materials, but the extent of the influence

Permeable pipe pile, a novel pile foundation integrating drainage and bearing functions, improves the bearing capacity of the pile foundation by accelerating the consolidation of the soil around the pile. In this study, a mathematical model is established to simulate the consolidation of surrounding clayey soils and the pile–soil interaction, where the rheological properties of the soils are described

The behavior of soft soils distributed in coastal areas usually exhibits obvious time‐dependent behavior after loading. To reasonably describe the stress‐strain relationship of soft soils, this paper establishes a viscoelastic‐viscoplastic small‐strain constitutive model based on the component model and the hardening soil model with small‐strain stiffness (HSS model). First, the Perzyna's viscoplastic

Prefabricated horizontal drains combined with vacuum preloading (PHDs‐VP) have addressed the shortcomings of prefabricated vertical drains combined with vacuum preloading (PVDs‐VP), beginning to emerge as a popular method for dredged slurry treatment. However, theoretical research on PHDs‐VP consolidation is relatively scarce. This study proposes a novel analytical model for predicting the consolidation

With the continuous urban development, tunnels are increasingly designed with curved alignments to avoid existing structures and to make better use of the underground space. However, these tunnels are usually subjected to complex forces, and current research on the curved tunnels face stability remains incomplete. This paper presents a detailed face stability analysis of curved tunnels, both analytically

The p‐y curve method provides a relatively simple and efficient means for analyzing the cyclic response of horizontally loaded piles. This study proposes a p‐y spring element based on a bounding surface p‐y model, which can be readily implemented in Abaqus software using the user‐defined element (UEL) interface. The performance of these p‐y spring elements is validated by simulating field tests of

In order to reveal the influence of double arc‐shaped fissure dip angles on the macro‐micro failure and energy evolution laws of rock masses, a numerical model of red sandstone was firstly established using the PFC2D. Moreover, mesoscopic parameters of the numerical model were calibrated based on the uniaxial compression tests on intact and single straight fissure red sandstone specimens. Then, particle

Based on the discrete element method and the centrifugal similarity theory, Particle Flow Code PFC2D was employed to establish numerical models of soil for compressed shallow foundations. The particle size effect and boundary effect of soil‐bearing capacity for compressed shallow foundations, as well as the microscopic characteristics and failure mechanisms of soil, were studied. The results show that

Soft soils exhibit significant time‐dependent effects during long‐term deformation. To precisely describe the long‐term behavior of soft soils, it is necessary to employ elastoplastic theory and rheology principles for investigating the stress–strain relationship of the soils. In this paper, a super‐subloading modified Cam‐clay model is initially derived. Subsequently, by introducing the Kelvin model

This study introduces a general solution for assessing the longitudinal response of shield tunnels, incorporating the combined effects of joints and soil shear resistance. The analysis employs the Timoshenko beam spring model atop a Vlasov foundation, subjected to arbitrary loads and various boundary conditions. Governing equations and relevant boundary conditions are derived using a variational formulation

Stepped dumpling of waste is the main operating method used in landfill engineering. For the liners located at the bottom of the landfill, the waste can be considered as a vertical loading due to its heavy weight, causing compressive deformation of the liners and, most importantly, tending to lose the effectiveness of the geomembrane with the differential deformation. However, most experiments or numerical

Aiming at the treatment problem for water inflow in a high geothermal environment, we proposed a grouting simulation method in high‐temperature flowing water: temperature extended‐two‐fluid tracking (txTFT) method. First, a transport model for solving the residence time of slurry was derived. Furthermore, a temperature transport model was established to describe the heat transfer between slurry and

With the acceleration of urbanization, the stability of the foundation is being more crucial to the performance and service of the superstructure. As our understanding of the factors influencing soil's physical and mechanical behavior deepens, it becomes increasingly challenging for traditional limit equilibrium and limit analysis methods to accurately consider the complex factors affecting foundation

Bituminized waste products (BWPs) were produced by conditioning in bitumen the co‐precipitation sludge resulting from the industrial reprocessing of nuclear spent fuel. For some intermediate level long‐lived (ILW‐LL) classified BWPs, a long‐term disposal solution in France is underground geological disposal. One of the challenges for BWPs in geological disposal conditions is their swelling behavior

Predicting the tunnel deformation caused by overlying excavation is a crucial catch in current rail transit construction. Most theoretical studies overlook the effect of dewatering on tunnel response. This study utilized Mindlin's stress solution and an improved incremental method to calculate the additional load resulting from excavation. The load increment due to dewatering was determined based on

A two‐way coupling numerical framework based on smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) is developed in this study to model binary granular mixtures consisting of coarse and fine grains. The framework employs updated Lagrangian SPH to simulate fine grains, with particle configurations updated at each time step, and total Lagrangian SPH to efficiently model coarse grains without updated particle configurations

The contact network of granular materials is often divided into strong and weak subnetworks, which play different roles in micromechanics. Within the strong contact network, there exists the largest connected component, that is, the largest cluster, which may connect system boundaries and could be the most important structure in force transmission of the whole system. This paper concerns the particular

The dynamic response of a torsionally loaded pile embedded in heterogeneous soil is investigated in this paper based on a new theoretical model of the dynamic pile–soil interaction with consideration of the continuity of heterogeneous soil. By conceptualizing the surrounding soil as an elastic continuum with shear modulus following a power law variation along the depth, a new governing equation is

In this work, we improve the traditional adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) by combining it with the finite analytical method (FAM) to solve the multiphase flow in heterogeneous porous media numerically. The FAM can provide rather accurate internodal transmissibility, and it is employed to improve the accuracy of coarsening and refining processes in AMR. The high performance of the proposed AMR‐FAM is

Modelling the cyclic response of granular materials is key in the design of several geostructures. Over the years, numerous constitutive models have been proposed to predict the cyclic behaviour of granular materials. However, pertaining to the hypoplastic constitutive models, one of the significant limitations is their inability to accurately predict the geomechanical response during the unloading

This paper studies the dynamic response of a circular‐arc canyon topography in the seabed under a seawater layer subjected to vertically and obliquely incident P‐wave excitations. The seabed is assumed to be an isotropic elastic medium. The analytical solution of the problem is developed using the large circular arc assumption and the Fourier–Bessel series expansion technique. This study focuses mainly

We propose a smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) model bridging the gap between solid‐ and fluid‐like behaviour observed in granular materials. The key innovation of the proposed approach lies in the decomposition of the stress gradient into rate‐independent and rate‐dependent parts, which are governed by the hypoplastic and constitutive relations, respectively. By using the proposed approach, we

This paper introduces a novel approach that combines proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) with thermodynamics‐based artificial neural networks (TANNs) to capture the macroscopic behavior of complex inelastic systems and derive macro‐elements in geomechanics. The methodology leverages POD to extract macroscopic internal state variables from microscopic state information, thereby enriching the macroscopic

The modelling of rock structure is of great significance in characterizing rock characteristics and studying the failure laws of rock samples. In order to construct a high‐fidelity model of the rock structure efficiently, this paper proposes an adaptive mesh dissection algorithm based on the Voronoi structure. Image processing techniques, including greyscale, threshold segmentation and edge detection

Experiments and field monitoring have revealed that in block caving, fractures over the cave crown tend to form in narrow curved bands that are parallel or subparallel to the cave back surface. These fractures delineate curved shells of orebody between the bands and the cave back. The effectiveness of block caving hinges on the subsequent fracturing and fragmentation of these orebody shells. This study

Two‐dimensional analysis of tunnel design based on the convergence–confinement method, although commonly used in tunnel design, may not always be applied. For example, in squeezing grounds, if the support is installed very close to the tunnel face, three‐dimensional numerical modeling is required but is computationally expensive. Therefore, it is usually performed before or after tunnel excavation

A nonlinear variational auto‐encoder (NLVAE) is developed to reconstruct the plane strain stress field in a solid with embedded cracks subjected to uniaxial tension, uniaxial compression, and shear loading paths. Latent features are sampled from a skew‐normal distribution, which allows encoding marked variations of the features of the stress field across the load steps. The NLVAE is trained and tested

To appropriately simulate the long‐term mechanical behavior of municipal solid waste (MSW), a constitutive model coupling the effects of biodegradation and fibrous reinforcement was developed. In the proposed model, the compressive deformation due to biodegradation was regarded as being caused by an additional equivalent stress. Considering the effect of biodegradation, an evolution equation of the

With the development of 3D discontinuous deformation analysis (DDA) in precise stress fields and crack propagation problems, it has also demonstrated outstanding capabilities in solving continuous–discontinuous problems. However, currently, 3D DDA modeling primarily focuses on generating rock joint networks and developing 3D cutting algorithms. Correspondingly, 3D geological modeling methods are not

To investigate the stress‐confinement effect on the dynamic crack propagation and energy evolution characteristics of heterogeneous granite under impact loading, a three‐dimensional equivalent grain‐based model (3D‐GBM) and FLAC3D‐PFC3D coupled modeling technique was used to establish a numerical model of a full‐scale true triaxial Hopkinson test system. The results indicate that: (1) A rate‐effect

Currently, our understanding of material‐scale deterioration resulting from meteorologically induced variations in pore water pressure and its significant impact on infrastructure slopes is limited. To bridge this knowledge gap, we have developed an extended kinematic hardening constitutive model for unsaturated soils that refines our understanding of weather‐driven deterioration mechanisms in heterogeneous

The anisotropy at the grain scale significantly impacts cracking behavior of crystalline rocks. However, the anisotropy of mineral structure, especially the grain shape and orientation has been inadequately addressed in studies on hydraulic fracturing. To bridge this gap, this paper introduces a coupled hydro‐grain‐texture model (HGTM) based on discrete element model (DEM) that investigates the influence

In the context of numerical simulators for multiphase flow in porous media, there exists a long‐standing issue known as the grid orientation effect (GOE), wherein different numerical solutions can be obtained when considering grids with different orientations under certain unfavorable conditions. The GOE is relevant to the instability near displacement fronts. If numerical oscillations accompanied

This paper investigates the influence of indenter shape and rock texture on the crack growth properties and rock hardness. For this purpose, two different rock specimens such as basalt and marble with various textures were prepared and tested by Vickers indentation hardness device with rhombus indenter shape under two different temperatures of 35°C and 100°C. Concurrent with the experimental test,

Energy piles are commonly deployed in vertically layered geological conditions due to the geological structure and pile foundation backfill. The imperfect contact between adjacent soil layers results in resistance to heat transfer at the interface, known as the interfacial thermal resistance effect. In this paper, the energy pile was simplified as a finite‐length solid cylindrical heat source, and

The inversion of subsurface geological structures is a crucial approach for gaining insights into the internal composition of the earth. In this paper, we propose a novel inversion method combining the nonsingular indirect boundary element method (IBEM) with the multistrategy particle swarm optimization (MSPSO) algorithm, tailored for accurately inverting 3D subsurface cavities. Leveraging the semi‐analytical

The large diameter piles are widely used in structures such as offshore wind turbines due to their superior lateral load‐bearing capacity. To explore the lateral response of a large‐diameter pile under combined horizontal dynamic and axial static loads in nonhomogeneous soil, a simplified analytical model of the pile–soil interaction is developed. This model represents the pile as a Timoshenko beam

Most soils and rocks contain varying fractions of clay minerals within their solid matrix. These geomaterials can exhibit a significant swelling potential toward chemo‐thermo‐hydromechanical loadings. Several multiscale modeling techniques have been developed to ascertain their swelling behavior across various scales, with molecular dynamics (MD), micromechanics‐based approaches, and double‐porosity

The nonlocal general particle dynamics (NGPD) has been successfully developed to model crack propagation and large deformation problems. In this paper, the semi‐Lagrangian nonlocal general particle dynamics (SL‐NGPD) is proposed to solve brittle failure in rock slopes. In SL‐NGPD, the interaction between particles due to deformation is calculated in the initial configuration, while the friction contact

The extraction and propagation of caving are complex phenomena involving the breaking of the rock mass, the formation of a column of broken material, and the extraction from the column base. Geomechanical modeling in cave mining commonly uses approaches to model the rock mass as a continuous material, while discontinuous modeling is frequently used for the column of broken material. However, it remains

Throughout history, architectural heritage has been constructed using masonry, clay or stone elements, and lime‐based mortars. Over time, old buildings are subjected to different degrees of movement and degradation, leading to the formation of microcracks. Water dissolves and transports lime in mortar, but when the water evaporates, the lime is deposited and heals cracks in a process known as autogenous

Unsaturated zones are important for geotechnical design, geochemical reactions, and microbial reactions. The numerical analysis of unsaturated seepage is complex because it involves highly nonlinear partial differential equations. The permeability can vary by orders of magnitude over short vertical distances. This article defines and uses H‐convergence tests to quantify numerical errors made by uniform

Experimental evidence indicates that multidimensional cyclic loading of soils causes larger accumulation of deformations than equivalent one‐dimensional loading. The response of sand to high‐cyclic loading with 10,000 cycles and up to four‐dimensional stress paths (i.e., four independent oscillating components) is examined in 120 triaxial and hollow cylinder tests in this work to extend these findings

This study introduces the fractional order Merchant model to analytically solve the stress and displacement fields of the transversely isotropic viscoelastic surrounding rock along shallow elliptical tunnels. First, the stress and displacement solutions of fractional order viscoelastic and transversely isotropic half planes under arbitrary loads are obtained using the Laplace transform and the elastic‐viscoelastic

Through the variable substitution and separated variable methods, this study develops a two‐dimensional (2‐D) axisymmetric diffusion analytical solution for organic pollutants in a circular‐shaped cutoff wall (CCW) system for the first time, which can more precisely and reasonably simulate the diffusion behaviors in “circular‐shaped” vertical barriers. Then, the proposed analytical solution's reasonableness

When stone columns or vertical drains are applied to improve soils, it is common to face situations where the soft soil layer is too thick to be penetrated completely. Although consolidation theories for soils with partially penetrated vertical drains or stone columns are comprehensive, consolidation theories for impenetrable composite foundations containing both two types of drainage bodies have been

This paper proposed an approach to estimate disc cutter wear utilizing a combination of multiple operational parameters and vibration data collected during shield tunneling operations. The incorporation of vibration signals, notably those originating from acceleration sensors mounted on the back plate of the soil chamber, has markedly enhanced the accuracy of the model. Time‐frequency domain features

When a shield tunnel passes through a karst area, the water‐filled cave can easily make the surrounding rock metamorphic, resulting in water inrush, ground collapse, and shield machine failure and other engineering hazards. Natural cavities have a significant degree of geometric irregularity due to groundwater alteration and soluble rock erosion. Considering the difficulties in describing the shape

This study systematically investigates the small‐strain stiffness of sand‐rubber mixtures, focusing on combined particle disparity—both larger sand with smaller rubber and smaller sand with larger rubber—using the discrete element method. The effectiveness of various state variables in capturing stiffness behavior across different rubber contents and size disparities (SDs) is evaluated. Conventional

Under the influence of large temperature differences in an impermeable pavement layer of wide embankment in permafrost regions, liquid water accumulates at the bottom of the impermeable cover. The phenomenon is known as the pot‐cover effect and leads to an increase in soil water content and a reduction in bearing capacity of wide embankments. At present, water vapor and liquid water migrations and

The first‐order reliability method (FORM) is mostly employed in the existing geotechnical reliability‐based design (RBD) methods due to its computational simplicity and efficiency. However, the first‐order Taylor approximation of the limit state surface (LSS) may result in significant errors, especially in cases of highly nonlinear LSS characterized by substantial curvatures. Therefore, FORM‐based

Although considerable research has explored the static and seismic bearing capacity of strip footings on slopes or excavations, the influence of clay strength anisotropy on the bearing capacity of strip footing near excavations, specifically considering pseudo‐dynamic conditions, remains unexplored. This study used the finite element limit analysis (FELA) method to evaluate the impact of clay strength