The prefabricated horizontal drains combined with vacuum preloading (PHDs-VP) method exhibits significant benefits in dredged slurry treatment. This study introduces an analytical model of slurry consolidation treated by PHDs-VP. In this model, the PHD is treated as a permeable boundary with a vacuum pressure. The governing equations are established by dividing the analytical unit into normal zone

Field experiments are conducted to quantify the leakage through an 11-mm-diameter hole in the liner on slopes with and without a bench under waste cover conditions. Over 14 months, with a total precipitation of 947 mm, a 0.68 m bench on a 4H: 1V slope results in a 43-fold increase in leakage (from 6.5 L to 282 L) compared to the reference section without a bench. Substantial leakage is attributed to

Volume changes in soil caused by freeze-thaw cycles can affect the shear performance of the saline soil-geotextile interface. To investigate this issue, the study examined changes in shear strength, deformation characteristics, and failure modes of the saline soil-geotextile interface under different numbers of freeze-thaw cycles. The experimental results indicate that with the increase in freeze-thaw

The use of poorly draining local soils as backfill material in geosynthetic reinforced soil walls has become a common practice despite the known risks. With climate change effects, it is crucial to understand how these structures will perform under such extreme conditions. In this study, the performance of a large-scale model of a modular block geogrid-reinforced soil wall, using fine-grained backfill

An investigation was made of the over-trench bridging effect provided by soilbags to reduce the pressure on, and vertical and horizontal diametral change (VDC and HDC) of, buried flexible pipes, along with reductions in trench surface settlement (TSS). Full-scale tests examined the effects of burial depth, soilbag width, number of soilbag layers and distance between layers in trenches with 250-mm diameter

This study proposes a new pile-supported soilbags raft cushion for foundation treatment. A series of two-dimensional model tests were conducted on the reinforced foundation to investigate its deformation and load transfer characteristics. An analytical method was established to determine the surface pressure between the piles. The tests demonstrated that the soilbags raft cushion can reduce the differential

A series of drained triaxial tests was carried out on homogeneous and two-layered soil (TLS) samples under low confining pressure. A granite aggregate was selected as the base layer, and sand was used to simulate the subgrade. Geogrids with varying aperture sizes and stiffness values were designed using CAD software and manufactured using 3D printing technology. A method for correcting the cross-sectional

Ground reinforced embankment (GRE) is a common and efficient rockfall mitigation measure. However, due to the diversity of geometric dimensions and composite components of the embankments worldwide, the design methods have not yet been unified. This article proposes a DEM-based framework for modeling the GREs impacted by rockfalls, and to optimize the structural design by comparing the block-intercepting

The non-uniform dense soil column that forms around plastic drainage plates when using vacuum preloading to treat flowing mud exhibits varying clogging along the extension direction, which severely lowers both the consolidation effectiveness and rate of consolidation. A transient clogging model is established based on indoor tests conducted under varying vacuum pressure for analyzing the evolution

This study investigates the optimal design parameters and installation location for geogrid stabilization in ballasted tracks under high-speed train loads. By integrating discrete element simulations with full-scale model tests, the performance of ballasted tracks was evaluated across various geogrid aperture sizes, stiffnesses, and installation locations. Multiple ballast gradations and trackbed compaction

This study utilized electrical defects detection, correlation analysis, and regression analysis to conduct a prediction about the generation of defects in high-density polyethylene geomembranes (HDPE GMBs) in landfills. The findings revealed that the average defect density of 108 landfills was 15 defects/ha, and the average defect area was 122 cm2/ha. Four out of the 11 potential indicators, namely

A series of constant radial stiffness triaxial (CRST) tests were performed to investigate the long-term behavior of geogrid-reinforced unbound granular materials (UGMs). Two types of multi-stage cyclic loading tests were conducted with various vertical constant loads (σ1,min). In the first type, σ1,min was maintained at 10% of the maximum axial stress at each loading stage to determine the resilient

Frost heave significantly affects the normal operation and long-term performance of expansive soil channels, and the soilbag reinforcement method offers a potential solution for its mitigation and control. To confirm the effectiveness of the soilbag reinforcement method in frost heave mitigation of expansive soil channels, a middle-scale model test apparatus was developed to be equipped with temperature

In the pursuit of sustainable development, the environmental impacts of geotechnical engineering are often neglected. The utilization of geosynthetic-reinforced soil (GRS) and ecological slope protection technology presents promising and eco-friendly alternatives, paving the way for a cleaner future. In this study, the temporal and spatial distribution of the carbon coefficient (CC) and embodied energy

Billions of face masks were discarded daily, causing severe environmental concerns. Recycling waste face masks presents a significant challenge. Meanwhile, the traditional vacuum preloading shows limitations on the performance on soft soil ground. This paper investigates the potential benefits of reusing Face-Mask Fibres (FMF) as an admixture to enhance the treatment effects of vacuum preloading on

Preventing clogging effectively and ensuring stable drainage performance are crucial for the efficacy of subsurface drainage systems. This paper presents the results of a laboratory study on the drainage performance of drain pipes using soil samples from the Yinbei Irrigation District in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China. The perforation characteristics and geotextile envelopes were investigated

An analytical solution for consolidation of double-layered ground by vertical drains is proposed, in which only the radial seepage is taken into consideration and the smear radius varies with soil layers. To improve the computing efficiency, a simplified method for selecting serious solutions is presented. The approximate solution is illustrated by Tang's solution (Tang and Onitsuka, 2001) and a large

The degradation of five fortified polyethylene geomembranes (three HDPE, one LLDPE, and one blended) with high initial properties compared to minimum requirements in GRI-GM13 is investigated when immersed in brine at three concentrations (100%, 50%, and 10% brine) and deionized water at temperatures ranging from 25 to 95°C for 8 years. The performance of the geomembranes in different incubation fluids

To reveal the behavior of geosynthetic-reinforced soil (GRS) bridge approach retaining walls on highly compressible foundation soils, in this study, a GRS bridge approach adjacent to the Yangtze River was monitored for approximately 3 years during construction and post-construction. The settlement of the GRS bridge approach, the vertical earth pressure at the base of the backfill soil, and the reinforcement

This study develops a coupled model for the combined clogging and permeability coefficient of a geotextile envelope. Based on the characteristics of pore size distribution and its impact on permeability coefficient after clogging, a permeability coefficient model assuming the geotextile is composed of multiple layers of planar mesh is developed. Then, based on the range of pore size after clogging

Conventional methods for assessing the pore characteristics of nonwoven geotextiles are plagued by several limitations such as low accuracy and lengthy processing time. Consequently, this paper proposed low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technology to acquire the pore size distribution (PSD) curves, porosity, and characteristic pore size (CPS) of nonwoven geotextiles. The T2 characteristic

Geosynthetic-Reinforced Pile-Supported Embankments (GRPSE) are effective composite structures to support highway infrastructures on weak soils. Numerous design methods have been developed in practice to facilitate the use of this technology. However, it is well known that as the design methods adopt different theoretical assumptions, the performance indexes given by the design methods vary significantly

In landfills, shear creep of the liner interface occurs after some shear displacements under the influence of a sustained load from waste. In this paper, an apparatus was developed to conduct shear creep tests on interfaces after different initial shear displacements, and experimental investigations were performed on the shear creep behavior of the geotextile and geomembrane interfaces pre/post peak

Internally unstable soils can pose severe conditions to granular and geotextile filters in geotechnical engineering works. Regarding the latter, several researchers have investigated the behaviour of such filters in contact with internally unstable soils and severe clogging and flow rate reductions of soil-geotextile filter systems have been observed in several cases. This paper presents a study on

Expansive soils are susceptible to cracking due to significant moisture fluctuations, which can potentially lead to structural instability. Although geogrid reinforcement is widely used to control soil swelling and shrinkage, its effects on cracking behavior are not fully understood. This study investigates the influence of geogrid reinforcement on the cracking behavior of expansive soils by comparing

The canal is crucial for water diversion projects, but it is susceptible to frost damage. To address this, a two-layer composite geomembrane lining structure (TLCGLS) was proposed that regulates the interaction between canal lining and frozen soil. Model tests were conducted to investigate its anti-frost heave effectiveness. Considering the interaction among the lining, two-layer composite geomembranes

This study conducted field tests on geosynthetic-reinforced floating pile-supported embankments to evaluate the load transfer mechanism and embankment deformation during embankment construction. Vertical pressures on pile caps and subsoils between piles, geosynthetic strains, settlement of pile caps and subsoils between piles, and settlement of the embankment at different elevations were measured throughout

This paper investigates the shear properties of the interfaces between sand and short-staple nonwoven geotextile (GT1), long-staple nonwoven geotextile (GT2), and geomembrane (GM) under varying conditions of testing temperature, sand moisture content, and normal stress through temperature-controlled direct shear tests. The results reveal that the shear stress-shear displacement curves for the sand-GT1

To examine the hydro-mechanical behavior of Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil Walls (GRSW) backfilled with locally available marginal lateritic soils, physical model tests were conducted during construction, surcharge loading, and rainfall infiltration. Various reinforcements were tested, including a conventional geogrid (GG) and two types of composite geosynthetic reinforcements (CGR) with equivalent stiffness

Given that the material-wearing process is the key factor influencing the dynamic shear strength at the interface between the geomembrane (GMB) and nonwoven geotextile (NWGT), this study investigates the cyclic shear behavior of the GMB–NWGT interface from a microscale perspective using the three-dimensional discrete element method (DEM). The textured GMB is simulated with breakable asperities and

One of the challenge that face the effectiveness of Polyvinyl Chloride geomembranes (PVC GMs) as a hydraulic barrier is the capacity to withstand unexpected mechanical actions, particularly tensile forces, during installation and throughout their lifespan. These forces pose risks of premature failure and impermeability degradation. In this study, the characterization of the short and long-term mechanical

A frequently overlooked aspect in previous research on bearing capacity of reinforced foundations is the prevalent unsaturated properties of soils. This paper provides an analytical framework for evaluating the bearing capacity of strip footings with single-layer and double-layer reinforcement in unsaturated soils. Four classical nonlinear expressions are used to determine the additional cohesion induced

Freeze-thaw (F-T) cycles are a primary contributor of pavement damages in seasonal frost regions. Geosynthetics stabilization has been a promising solution for enhancing the roadways performance in cold regions. However, in comparison with the practical applications, research on the geosynthetics stabilization in cold-region roads is scarce and its efficacy is yet to be quantified. This study presents

Predicting the performance of geosynthetic-reinforced soil walls with segmental block facings in service is a challenging task due to their complex interaction mechanisms. This paper proposes a semi-analytical method to estimate the performance of such walls by considering a prescribed reduction factor. Rough back of the wall and unreinforced zone effects can be taken into account. It also incorporates

To embrace sustainable and environmentally friendly practices, sisal fibers have emerged as a green and low-carbon alternative, offering a viable approach for enhancing the physical characteristics of frost-vulnerable soils. In this study, the unconfined compressive strength and freeze-thaw cycle (FTC) tests for soils stabilized with sisal fiber were conducted, and the enhancement mechanism of sisal

The PVD-vacuum preloading method combined with airbags is a new soft ground treatment technology that can provide additional consolidation pressure and reduce lateral deformation towards the improvement area caused by traditional PVD-vacuum preloading. However, continuous airbag pressurization tends to create large cavities in the soil, and the optimal timing for airbag loading is also unclear. To

This paper investigates the cyclic simple shearing behaviors of Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) geofoams considering influences of the shear strain amplitude (γa), number of shear cycles, shear rate, vertical stress (σn), and EPS density (ρEPS). The experimental results demonstrate that the cyclic shear stress (τ)-shear strain (γ) relationships of EPS are not sensitive to the shear rate. As the γ exceeds

Focusing on a T-shape cantilever retaining wall in a liquefiable site, a series of shaking table model tests were conducted to investigate the seismic stability characteristics of the wall when using EPS composite soil isolation piles (WEP), EPS composite soil isolation walls (WEW), and backfilled natural fine sand from Nanjing (WSS). The seismic response characteristics of the model ground soil and

Bottom vacuum preloading (BVP) is the method of applying vacuum pressure at the bottom zone of soils to generate pore-water pressure difference between the top and bottom boundaries, thereby achieving the consolidation drainage. This study conducted a large-size model test to explore the engineering feasibility of combining self-weight and BVP to treat construction waste slurry (CWS). Through the treatment

A novel connection configuration for geotextile tubes was proposed, involving the insertion of an auxiliary tube between two main tubes, to ensure proper alignment and leveling when connecting them in a series, thus consolidating individual tubes into a unified structure while maintaining a consistent horizontal level. The novel connection was implemented at a test bed site in the Saemangeum reclaimed

This study examines the performance of prefabricated vertical drains (PVD) against liquefaction and reliquefaction. A series of 102 shakings were performed using 1g shaking table apparatus on untreated and treated sand specimens prepared with 25% relative density. Sinusoidal waveform experimented with three different repeated shaking patterns and independent events for two different frequencies (2 Hz

The effect of backfilling of a surface differential settlement trough to reduce leakage is explored both experimentally and numerically. The field experiment examined two lined sections each with an 11 mm-diameter hole in the liner on a nominally 4 horizontal:1 vertical slope. A 2 m by 3 m, 0.3 m deep depression was filled with a 50-50 sand-snow mixture in winter to give a continuous 4H:1V slope prior

An analytical solution is proposed to identify the performance of unreinforced and geogrid-reinforcement pile-supported embankments under localized surface loading at working stress conditions based on the total efficacy and efficacy induced by soil arching alone, average strain of geogrid reinforcement, and average settlement of subsoil. This solution considered interactively soil arching within the

This study presents an innovative methodology for predicting seismic-induced sliding displacement, a key determinant in evaluating the seismic stability of landfills. The novelty of this research lies in the incorporation of the softening characteristics of the geosynthetic interface within the liner system, a factor that has been largely overlooked in previous studies. A dynamic stability analysis

The degradation of a HDPE geomembrane in heap leaching environments is evaluated using immersion tests at five temperatures. The incubation solutions had a pH of 9.5, 11.5, and 13.5, relevant to gold and silver pregnant liquor solutions. After 9.3 years, the geomembrane's mechanical properties had reached nominal failure at 95, 85, and 75 °C in all three solutions. It is shown that the pH 13.5 solution

The cyclic properties of geosynthetic soil interface are crucial for reinforced soil structures subject to seismic loading. To investigate the mechanical geogrid-sand interface behavior under cyclic shear conditions, a series of numerical simulation cyclic shear tests were conducted using the discrete element method. The results revealed with increasing of shear cycles, dense sand sample gradually

Geosynthetic materials are crucial for reinforcing soil above subterranean voids. However, the complexities of load transfer mechanisms in reinforced structures remain elusive. This study investigates the deformation and failure mechanisms in geogrid-reinforced soil using trapdoor experiments. The particle image velocimetry (PIV) technique was utilized for detailed observation of soil deformation,

This article presents the effect of biological clogging on the hydraulic performance of geotextiles used for the construction of filter and drainage in landfills. Clogging tests were performed on specimens of woven and non-woven geotextiles in a discontinuous fermentation scenario using natural leachate and a nutrient solution. The consequences of biological clogging were assessed through experimental

The continuous evolution of digital imaging and sensing technologies helps in understanding the multi-scale interactions between soils and geosynthetic inclusions in a progressively better way. In this study, advanced techniques like X-ray micro-computed tomography (μCT) and profilometry are used to provide better understanding of the multi-scale interactions between sand and geosynthetic materials

Land reclamation is a major construction activity in Singapore and other Asian countries. When granular fills become scarce, soft materials have to be used for land reclamation. A new land reclamation and soil improvement method using vacuum preloading and horizontal drainage enhanced non-woven geotextile (HDeG) sheets for soft soil consolidation has been proposed to reduce consolidation time and save

The transport of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) through the base of a municipal solid waste landfill lined by a single or double composite liner system underlain by an aquifer is examined. Experiments conducted to obtain permeation coefficients for PFOA (and other PFAS) through HDPE and a GCL at different stress levels are described and the results presented. Experimentally derived interface transmissivity

This paper presents an upgraded nonlinear creep consolidation model for VDI soft ground, incorporating a modified UH relation to capture soil creep deformation. Key novelties also include considering linear construction loads, TDP boundary conditions, and Swartzendruber's flow in the small strain consolidation domain. The system was solved using the implicit finite difference method, and numerical

In this study, the microstructural characteristics of geotextile envelopes were investigated via two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) image analysis. A pore network model was constructed to predict the hydraulic properties of the geotextile envelopes. Based on image analysis, the representative domain size of the geotextile envelopes was estimated and was further confirmed by pore network

This study repurposed discarded carbon fiber fabric by mechanically cutting it into short-cut carbon fibers and utilized these fibers in electro-osmosis experiments with varying lengths (5 mm, 10 mm, and 15 mm) and mixing ratios (0.05%, 0.10%, and 0.25%). The results indicated that increasing the length and mixing ratio of recycled carbon fibers effectively reduced the soil resistivity. Furthermore

The polymer-alloy geocell sheets (PAGS) represent a novel geocell material developed to replace conventional geocell materials. Accelerated creep testing, a convenient and precise performance evaluation method, presents a viable alternative to traditional creep testing for obtaining long-term creep strains. Nonetheless, there is a lack of prediction and in-depth exploration of accelerated creep testing

Although Novel Polymeric Alloy (NPA) geocells have been applied to stabilize road bases against the freeze-thaw (F-T) damage in practice, the relevant research lags the application. A scarcity of research has been reported to comprehensively evaluate the benefits of geocell stabilization in enhancing the F-T performance of bases. This study aims to investigate quantitatively the F-T performance of