南京财经大学食品科学与工程学院陆颖健教授团队孙静博士（第一作者）在国际著名期刊《Food Chemistry》（中科院一区，IF=8.8）上发表了题为“Acid modified attapulgite loaded with bacillomycin D for mold inhibition and mycotoxin removal”的文章。

黄曲霉毒素（AFs）是由黄曲霉和寄生曲霉产生的次级代谢产物，具有很强的毒性和致癌性。已知的黄曲霉毒素有 20 多种，其中以黄曲霉毒素 B1（AFB1）的毒性最强，具有很强的肝毒性、致畸性和致癌性。Bacillomycin D （BD）是芽孢杆菌Bacillus sp.次级代谢产生的天然抗菌脂肽，具有抗真菌、抗肿瘤、抗氧化等优异的生物活性，同时它还具有绿色安全、易降解、低耐药性等特点。凹凸棒土（Attapulgite, ATP）可为抗菌药物提供良好的载体。对天然ATP进行酸修饰，得到H-ATP。将其加载BD，得到一种新型复合材料(H-ATP-BD)。 

本研究通过硫酸处理ATP形成H-ATP，然后在H-ATP上添加BD制备H-ATP-BD复合材料，作为一种兼具抑制真菌生长和解毒的复合吸附剂材料。H-ATP-BD吸附剂具有较高的比表面积、表面负电荷和多孔结构，是H-ATP-BD吸附剂对AFB1具有较高吸附能力的主要原因。当初始AFB1含量为20 ~ 50 μg/kg时，在50℃吸附0.6%的H-ATP-BD吸附剂2 h，对黄曲霉的去除率可达89.06%。该材料对黄曲霉的抑制圈直径为20.30 mm。作为一种技术优势，该复合吸附剂材料对黄曲霉具有抑制作用，对AFB1具有特异性亲和力，有望用于农副产品的保鲜和毒素去除。

图表：

Fig. 1 N2 adsorption/desorption isotherms of ATP and H-ATP (a), pore size curves (b), FTIR spectra (c), XRD curves (d), particle size (e) and potential size (f). Where ATP is attapulgite, H-ATP is attapulgite modified with sulfuric acid, ATP-BD is attapulgite with adsorbed BD, and H-ATP-BD is acid-modified attapulgite composite with adsorbed BD. Note: Different letters in figures e and f represent significant differences between data (p<0.05).

Fig. 2 Effect of adsorption on BD content and adsorption efficiency under different conditions. (a) Effect of different sulfuric acid concentrations of H-ATP on BD adsorption; (b) Effect of different initial BD content on BD adsorption; (c) Effect of H-ATP dosage on BD adsorption; (d) Effect of adsorption time on BD adsorption; (e) Effect of adsorption temperature on BD adsorption.

Fig. 3 Inhibition circles diameter of H-ATP, BD, and H-ATP-BD against A. flavus and A. niger. Note: Different letters represent significant differences between data (p<0.05).

Fig. 4 Effect of adsorption on AFB1 content and AFB1 removal efficiency. (a) Effect of different initial AFB1 content on AFB1removal efficiency; (c) Effect of the amount of H-ATP-BD composite on AFB1removal efficiency; (d) Effect of adsorption time on AFB1 removal efficiency; (e) Effect of adsorption temperature on AFB1 removal efficiency.