Electroencephalogram (EEG) can be used to assess depth of consciousness, but interpreting EEG can be challenging, especially in neonates whose EEG undergo rapid changes during the perinatal course. EEG can be processed into quantitative EEG (QEEG), but limited data exist on the range of QEEG for normal term neonates during wakefulness and sleep, baseline information that would be useful to determine changes during sedation or anesthesia. We aimed to determine the range of QEEG in neonates during awake, active sleep and quiet sleep states, and identified the ones best at discriminating between the three states. Normal neonatal EEG from 37 to 46 weeks were analyzed and classified as awake, quiet sleep, or active sleep. After processing and artifact removal, total power, power ratio, coherence, entropy, and spectral edge frequency (SEF) 50 and 90 were calculated. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the QEEG in each of the three states. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to assess discriminatory ability of QEEG. 30 neonates were analyzed. QEEG were different between awake vs asleep states, but similar between active vs quiet sleep states. Entropy beta, delta2 power %, coherence delta2, and SEF50 were best at discriminating awake vs active sleep. Entropy beta had the highest AUC-ROC ≥ 0.84. Entropy beta, entropy delta1, theta power %, and SEF50 were best at discriminating awake vs quiet sleep. All had AUC-ROC ≥ 0.78. In active sleep vs quiet sleep, theta power % had highest AUC-ROC > 0.69, lower than the other comparisons. We determined the QEEG range in healthy neonates in different states of consciousness. Entropy beta and SEF50 were best at discriminating between awake and sleep states. QEEG were not as good at discriminating between quiet and active sleep. In the future, QEEG with high discriminatory power can be combined to further improve ability to differentiate between states of consciousness.

脑电图（EEG）可用于评估意识深度，但解释脑电图可能具有挑战性，特别是对于脑电图在围产期过程中经历快速变化的新生儿。脑电图可以处理成定量脑电图 (QEEG)，但正常足月新生儿在清醒和睡眠期间的 QEEG 范围数据有限，这些基线信息可用于确定镇静或麻醉期间的变化。我们的目的是确定新生儿在清醒、活跃睡眠和安静睡眠状态下的 QEEG 范围，并确定最能区分这三种状态的 QEEG 范围。对 37 至 46 周的正常新生儿脑电图进行分析，并将其分为清醒睡眠、安静睡眠或主动睡眠。处理和伪影去除后，计算总功率、功率比、相干性、熵和频谱边缘频率 (SEF) 50 和 90。使用描述性统计来总结这三个州的 QEEG。接受者操作特征（ROC）曲线用于评估QEEG的辨别能力。对 30 名新生儿进行了分析。清醒状态与睡眠状态之间的 QEEG 不同，但活跃睡眠状态与安静睡眠状态之间的 QEEG 相似。熵 beta、delta2 功率百分比、相干性 delta2 和 SEF50 最适合区分清醒睡眠和活跃睡眠。熵β的AUC-ROC最高≥0.84。熵 beta、熵 delta1、theta power % 和 SEF50 最适合区分清醒睡眠和安静睡眠。所有患者的 AUC-ROC ≥ 0.78。在主动睡眠与安静睡眠中，theta power % 的 AUC-ROC 最高 > 0.69，低于其他比较。我们确定了不同意识状态下健康新生儿的 QEEG 范围。熵 beta 和 SEF50 最擅长区分清醒和睡眠状态。QEEG 不太擅长区分安静睡眠和活跃睡眠。未来可以结合具有高辨别力的QEEG，进一步提高区分意识状态的能力。