猎人的工具包——蜻蜓幼虫口器的功能形态,Journal of Zoology

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猎人的工具包——蜻蜓幼虫口器的功能形态
Journal of Zoology ( IF 1.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-11 , DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12923
S. Büsse ₁ , H.‐L. Tröger ₁ , S. N. Gorb ₁

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昆虫口器专业化的多样性令人震惊。其直接后果是，对于绝大多数昆虫类群——就像蜻蜓一样，关于口器几何形状、肌肉附着和进食运动学的知识是不完整的。成年蜻蜓在飞行中捕捉猎物，而水生幼虫则在水下捕食——这两个生命阶段都是其生物群落中的主要捕食者。为了深入了解Anax imperator幼虫咬口器的功能形态，我们结合了显微计算机断层扫描 (μCT)、共聚焦激光扫描显微镜 (CLSM) 和高速摄像的结果。阿纳克斯皇帝在进食过程中拍摄幼虫以描述口器的运动和协调。这些结果与 µCT 数据一起，可以全面可视化每个口器的 3D 几何形状和相应的肌肉组织。表皮的材料成分强烈影响口器表皮成分的强度、流动性和耐用性。在本文中，我们根据摄食过程阐明了A. imperator幼虫口器的解剖结构、几何形状和材料组成。此外，我们试图为不同生态类型的蜻蜓根据其食物偏好和摄食习惯，甚至不同昆虫群体之间的口器功能形态比较（1）（1）奠定基础。

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The toolkit of a hunter – functional morphology of larval mouthparts in a dragonfly

The diversity of mouthpart specializations in insects is staggering. As a direct consequence thereof, the knowledge about the mouthpart geometry, muscle attachment and feeding kinematics is incomplete for the vast majority of insect taxa – as it is for dragonflies. The adult dragonflies catch their prey in flight, while the aquatic larvae prey under water – both life stages being key predators in their biotopes. To gain insights into the functional morphology of the biting-chewing mouthparts of larval Anax imperator, we combined results from micro computed tomography (µCT), confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and high-speed videography. Anax imperator larvae were filmed during the feeding process to describe the movement and coordination of the mouthparts. These results, together with µCT-data, allowing for a comprehensive visualization of the 3D-geometry and corresponding musculature of each mouthpart. The material composition of the cuticle strongly influences the strength, mobility and durability of the cuticular components of the mouthparts. With this paper, we elucidate the anatomy, geometry and material composition of A. imperator's larval mouthparts in the light of the feeding process. Furthermore, we try to lay a foundation for functional morphological comparisons of mouthparts (1) between dragonfly species belonging to different eco-types according to their food preferences and feeding habits or even (2) between different insect groups.

更新日期：2021-08-11

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