Allyl viologen (AV), chemically known as 1,1′-diallyl-4,4′-bipyridine, was synthesized by cross-coupling reaction between allyl bromide and 4,4′-bipyridine in acetonitrile solvent. Optical properties were studied in the region 200–800 nm. Two types of electronic transition were seen; one under the influence of an electric field and another by thermal excitation, in the blue and green regions, respectively. A cyclic voltammogram, recorded in aqueous KCl solvent systems, shows the existence of two redox centres in the molecular system. Electrical and photoelectrical properties of an Al–AV–ITO sandwich device were analysed. J–V and C–V measurements reveal the formation of a Schottky barrier at the Al–AV interface. Action spectra of the device, absorption spectra of the allyl viologen as well as J–V and C–V characteristics confirm that the allyl viologen behaves as a p-type organic semiconductor. Various electrical and photoelectrical parameters are calculated and discussed in detail.

中文翻译：

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PVA基体中烯丙基紫精（AV）薄膜的电和光电行为研究

通过在丙烯腈溶剂中烯丙基溴与4,4'-联吡啶的交叉偶联反应，合成了烯丙基紫精（AV），化学名称为1,1'-二烯丙基-4,4'-联吡啶。在200–800 nm范围内研究了光学性质。看到了两种类型的电子转换；一个在电场的影响下，另一个在热激励下，分别在蓝色和绿色区域。在氯化钾水溶液系统中记录的循环伏安图显示了分子系统中存在两个氧化还原中心。分析了Al–AV–ITO夹层器件的电学和光电性能。J–V和C–V测量表明在Al–AV界面处形成了肖特基势垒。设备的作用谱 烯丙基紫精的吸收光谱以及J–V和C–V特性证实，烯丙基紫精表现为p型有机半导体。计算并详细讨论了各种电气和光电参数。