Clotfelter, Ethan D - Amherst College

个人简介

Ph.D., University of Wisconsin (1998) M.S., University of Wisconsin (1994) B.A., University of North Carolina (1991) Chair, Department of Environmental Studies, Amherst College (2016-present) Chair, Department of Biology, Amherst College (2010-2012) Member, Program in Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, University of Massachusetts-Amherst (2003-present)

研究领域

My research aims to understand intermolecular interactions due to van der Waals forces between nonchemically bonded molecules. Although van der Waals forces are much weaker than chemical forces, the immense number of pairwise interactions due to these intermolecular forces is responsible for the structures and functions of chemical and biological systems. Despite the ubiquity of these forces and their importance, however, they are still not completely understood, and the work in my group addresses this gap. Because van der Waals forces are usually masked by chemical forces, they must be isolated before they can be effectively studied. This can be done by molecular beam methods, which generate molecular complexes that owe their very existence to van der Waals forces. The intermolecular forces determine the structures and affect the electronic environments of the complexes. Thus, the characterization of molecular properties, which can be efficiently accomplished using spectroscopic techniques, provides valuable information on the operative forces. My group utilizes a high resolution, pulsed molecular beam, Fourier transform microwave spectrometer to obtain the rotational spectrum of a complex that can then be analyzed to yield the desired molecular information. My group has studied a series of nitrous oxide-containing complexes to examine how van der Waals forces perturb the electronic distribution of the subunits. Recently, I have begun a collaboration with Professor Mark Marshall seeking to understand the effects of electron density on complex geometry, and we have chosen as our systems haloethylene-containing complexes. Our additional projects include hydroxide radical-containing complexes (for this, the collaboration extends to include Professor Kenneth Leopold at the University of Minnesota) and other reactive complexes to gain further understanding of the role of van der Waals forces in reaction pathways. A list of species studied by my group (some in collaboration with other groups) is listed below. Undergraduate investigators are underlined and class years for Amherst students are provided.

近期论文

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Brown, A.C., Cahn, M.D., Choi, S. and Clotfelter, E.D. 2016. Dietary carotenoids and bacterial infection in wild and domestic convict cichlids (Amatitlania spp.). Environmental Biology of Fishes 99: 439-449. 10.1007/s10641-016-0485-x Anderson, C., Jones, R., Moscicki, M., Clotfelter, E.D., and Earley, R.L. 2016. Seeing orange: breeding convict cichlids exhibit heightened aggression against more colorful intruders. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology. 10.1007/s00265-016-2085-3 Cahn, M.D., Brown, A.C. and Clotfelter, E.D. 2015. Guanine-based structural coloration as an indicator of oxidative stress in a cichlid fish. Journal of Experimental Zoology A 323: 359-367. Sullivan, M., Brown, A.C. and Clotfelter, E.D. 2014. Dietary carotenoids do not improve motility or antioxidant capacity in cichlid fish sperm. Fish Physiology and Biochemistry 40: 1399-1405. Sefc, K., Brown, A.C. and Clotfelter, E.D. 2014. Carotenoid-based coloration in cichlid fishes. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A 173: 42-51. Montgomery, T.M., Brown, A.C., Gendelman, H.K., Ota, M. and Clotfelter, E.D. 2014. Exposure to 17α-ethinyl estradiol decreases motility and ATP in sperm of male fighting fish Betta splendens. Environmental Toxicology 29: 243-252. Clotfelter, E.D. and Gendelman, H. 2014. Exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of genistein during activation does not affect sperm motility in the fighting fish Betta splendens. BioMed Research International: Toxicology. doi: 10.1155/2014/865741 Brown, A.C., Leonard, H.M., McGraw, K.J. and Clotfelter, E.D. 2014. Maternal effects of carotenoid supplementation in an ornamented cichlid fish (Amantitlania siquia). Functional Ecology 28: 612-620. Clotfelter, E.D., Lapidus, S.J.H. and Brown, A.C. 2013. The effects of temperature and dissolved oxygen on antioxidant defences and oxidative damage in the fathead minnow Pimephales promelas. Journal of Fish Biology 82: 1086-1092. Brown, A.C., McGraw, K.J. and Clotfelter, E.D. 2013. Dietary carotenoids increase yellow non-pigment coloration of female convict cichlids (Amantitlania nigrofasciata). Physiological and Biochemical Zoology 86: 312-322. Brown, A.C. and Clotfelter, E.D. 2012. Fighting fish (Betta splendens) bubble nests do not inhibit microbial growth. Journal of Experimental Zoology 317: 481-487. (Cover story) Stevenson, L.M., Brown, A.C., Montgomery, T.M. and Clotfelter, E.D. 2011. Reproductive consequences of exposure to waterborne phytoestrogens in male fighting fish Betta splendens. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 60: 501-510. Clotfelter, E.D., McNitt, M.M., Carpenter, R.E. and Summers, C. 2010. Modulation of monoamine neurotransmitters in fighting fish Betta splendens exposed to waterborne phytoestrogens. Fish Physiology and Biochemistry 36: 933-943. Ardia, D.R., Pérez, J.H. and Clotfelter, E.D. 2010. Experimental cooling during incubation leads to reduced innate immunity and body condition in nestling tree swallows. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B 277: 1881-1888. Lin, S.M., Nieves-Puigdoller, K., Brown, A.C., McGraw, K.J. and Clotfelter, E.D. 2010. Testing the carotenoid trade-off hypothesis in the polychromatic Midas cichlid, Amphilophus citrinellus. Physiological and Biochemical Zoology 83: 333-342.