个人简介

Dr. Steven L. Bernasek, Professor of Chemistry at Princeton University, is an experimental chemist with research interests in the area of surface chemistry and chemical physics. His research is concerned primarily with the dynamics of heterogenous reactions, and the chemistry of heterogeneous catalysis, electronic materials and corrosion inhibition. Dr. Bernasek was born December 14, 1949 in Holton, Kansas. He was raised on a farm near Holton and graduated from Kansas State University with a B.S. in chemistry, magna cum laude, in 1971. He received his Ph.D. in physical chemistry from the University of California, Berkeley in 1975. He was an NSF Graduate Fellow at Berkeley and also served as a teaching assistant and research assistant during that time. Dr. Bernasek also spent two summers as a radiochemist at the Lawrence Livermore Laboratory in Livermore, California. After receiving his Ph.D. in January of 1975, Dr. Bernasek was a postdoctoral fellow at the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory for six months. In July of 1975, Dr. Bernasek came to Princeton as an Assistant Professor of Chemistry. He was promoted to Associate Professor in 1981, and to Professor of Chemistry in 1986. During his time at Princeton, he has served as departmental undergraduate representative, as Director of Graduate Studies, as Associate Chairman of the Department, and as Acting Chair. For several years he has been an academic advisor to freshmen and sophomores, and is a Faculty Fellow at Rockefeller College. He teaches Honors Freshman Chemistry, as well as advanced courses in physical chemistry, solid state chemistry, and surface reaction dynamics. He is an Associated Faculty Member of the Princeton Research Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials and the Princeton Environmental Institute, and a member of the Executive Committee for the Program in Plasma Science and Technology. The application of gas phase molecular reaction dynamics tools to the study of heterogeneous reactions has been the major focus of Dr. Bernasek’s research. He has contributed to our understanding of surface structural analysis, to the study of transition metal compound surfaces, to the dynamics of small molecule surface reactions on iron, molybdenum, and platinum, and to the investigation of energy transfer in surface reactions. He has published over 200 papers appearing in such journals as Physical Review, Physical Review Letters, Journal of Chemical Physics,Journal of Physical Chemistry, Journal of the American Chemical Society, Langmuir, and Surface Science. He has co-edited four books, and is the author of the monograph Heterogeneous Reaction Dynamics. He has advised over forty-five Ph.D. students and twenty-five postdoctoral associates in his laboratory at Princeton. He has lectured extensively at U.S. universities and abroad. Dr. Bernasek is a member of the American Chemical Society, the American Physical Society, the American Vacuum Society, the American Association for the Advancement of Science and Sigma Xi. He was elected a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in 1994, and a Fellow of the American Vacuum Society in 2001. In 1981, he was awarded the Exxon Faculty Fellowship in Solid State Chemistry, by the Division of Inorganic Chemistry of the American Chemical Society. In 1986 and 1990 he received a Research Fellowship from the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation for study in Germany. He is the 2006 receipient of the Arthur W. Adamson ACS Award for Distinguished Service in the Advancement of Surface Chemistry sponsored by Occidental Petroleum. He was a Visiting Fellow at JILA in 1999, and has been a Distinguished Visiting Professor at the National University of Singapore. Since 1991, he has worked as a consultant and part-time Program Officer for the Chemistry Division of the National Science Foundation. Professor Bernasek is currently acting as the Interim Division Director for the Chemistry Division of the National Science Foundation.

研究领域

Chemical physics and physical chemistry of surfaces. Heterogeneous reaction dynamics/structure and reactivity of solid surfaces. Heterogeneous catalysis/surface chemistry of electronic materials/chiral organic monolayers/corrosion inhibition chemistry.

We are interested in the detailed dynamics of reactions at well-characterized surfaces and interfaces. The following paragraphs describe some of these studies: Chirality is a well known property of organic molecules. The study of three dimensional chirality dates from the work of Pasteur. Chirality is exhibited in two dimensions as well, in particular in the adsorption of chiral and achiral organic molecules on solid surfaces. Scanning probe microscopy has made the structural study of these two dimensional chiral layers possible with atomic and molecular resolution. We have studied the formation of chiral monolayers from the adsorption of long chain substituted hydrocarbons on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) surfaces. The goal of our work in this project is to understand the complex interactions that govern the structures that form when long chain organic molecules adsorb on HOPG, and to develop predictive capability for the formation of chiral monolayers of particular nanoscale structure. This understanding will be useful for the design of chirally active sensors, chiral catalytic materials, and chiral separations media. A detailed understanding of two dimensional chiral structures is also relevant for unraveling the mystery of homochirality in biological molecules. The bonding between an organometallic species and an oxide or nitride supporting substrate is important to the chemistry of supported catalysts, electronic device processing, and adhesion and lubrication phenomena. This bonding may be investigated with the aid of photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS and XPS). When combined with other surface probes such as thermal desorption spectroscopy (TDS), AES, LEED, and vibrational spectroscopic characterization by high resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy (HREELS) or reflection-absorption infrared spectroscopy (RAIRS), a relatively complete picture of the surface properties of the adsorbed species becomes available. We are exploring, in collaboration with Professor Jeffrey Schwartz, the interaction of a number of transition metal organometallic and phosphonate complexes with well characterized oxide surfaces. In this work electron spectroscopic measurements are correlated with the chemical behavior of the supported complex, as studied by conventional heterogeneous catalysis methods and mass sensitive kinetic methods. This approach is also extended to the study of important oxide and nitride bound metallic layers, which are of interest in electronic materials chemistry, in bio-compatible materials chemistry, and in adhesion and corrosion inhibition applications. HREELS and TDS in combination provide a very detailed view of the kinetics and mechanisms of small molecule reactions on well-characterized solid surfaces. We have studied a number of small molecule reactions on the clean and adsorbate modified Fe(100) surface. This surface exhibits a very rich and complex chemistry, and serves as a useful model for the investigation of structure-reactivity correlations in surface chemistry. Currently, we are using these methods to examine the interaction of a number of sulfur, nitrogen, and phosphorous containing molecules, which are promising candidates for corrosion inhibitors on the iron surface. We are also using electron spectroscopy to examine the detailed mechanism of oxidation of complex alloy surfaces with the goal of understanding the corrosion process in extreme environments. These surface spectroscopic studies are correlated with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and corrosion rate evaluation studies. The detection of small magnetic fields is a problem of great importance with application in vehicle detection, security sensors, and mineral and petrochemical prospecting. Laser addressed magnetometers detect magnetic fields by monitoring the spin precession of laser prepared spin polarized atoms in the gas phase. The cells that contain these spin polarized atoms (usually rubidium or cesium atoms) are often coated with paraffin wax on the interior surfaces in an attempt to prevent the wall-collision relaxation of the spin polarization. These coatings are very empirical, and little is known about how or why they work to improve the sensitivity of these laser addressed magnetometer devices. In a collaborative research project with researchers in the Department of Physics at Princeton University and at the University of California, Berkeley, we are working to develop an understanding of these anti-relaxation coatings, and to develop new “designer” coatings that will enhance the sensitivity of these devices. We are carrying out detailed studies of the physical and chemical properties of functional anti-relaxation coatings, using electron spectroscopy and scanning probe microscopy to understand the electronic structure and morphology of these layers. We are using our self-assembled monolayer methodology developed in our earlier work to develop coatings to improve the anti-relaxation nature of these surfaces. These fundamental studies will provide the basic underpinning for the rational use of surface chemistry to improve the sensitivity and lifetime of these micromagnetometer systems. The collision of a gas molecule with a surface, followed by trapping of the molecule on the surface, must precede any surface reactions which might take place. Some knowledge of this fundamental process, along with the accompanying energy transfer to the surface, is essential to a complete understanding of heterogeneous reaction dynamics. We have used infrared spectroscopic methods to investigate the detailed dynamics of a very important prototype surface reaction, the catalytic oxidation of CO and related molecules on platinum. This reaction, which is essential in the control of pollution from automobile exhaust, has generated an enormous number of studies. In spite of all this work, the detailed dynamics of the reaction are just starting to become clear. Using a diode laser absorption spectrometer, we have probed the dynamics of this process in detail. We have used this method to map out the detailed ro-vibrational populations of the product CO2 and changes in these populations with changing surface reaction conditions. These studies have been extended to the reaction of CO with NO and methanol with O2, as well as studies of related molecules such as formaldehyde and formic acid.

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Zachary M. Detweiler, James White, Steven L. Bernasek, Andrew B. Bocarsly, “Anodized Indium Metal Electrodes for Enhanced Carbon Dioxide Reduction in Aqueous Electrolyte”, Langmuir, 30, 7593 (2014). Esther Frederick, Pearl N. Dickerson, Yu Lin Zhong, and Steven L. Bernasek, ” Substituent Effects on the Kinetics of Bifunctional Styrene SAM formation on H-terminated Si(111)”, Langmuir, 30, 7687 (2014). A.M. Hibberd, S.J. Seltzer, M.V. Balabas, M. Morse, D. Budker, and Steven L. Bernasek, “Light-Induced changes in an alkali metal atomic vapor cell coating studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy”, J. App. Phys., 114, 094513 (2013). F. Tao and Steven L. Bernasek, “Chemical Binding of Five-Membered and Six-Membered Aromatic Molecules”, in Functionalization of Semiconductor Surfaces, F. Tao and S.L. Bernasek, eds., J. Wiley and Sons, New York, 2012, pp. 89-104. Ying Wei Cai and Steven L. Bernasek, “Surface Analytical Techniques” in Functionalization of Semiconductor Surfaces, F. Tao and S.L. Bernasek, eds., J. Wiley and Sons, New York, 2012, pp. 11-26. Steven L. Bernasek, “Van der Waals Rectifiers”, Nature Nanotechnology, 8, 80 (2013). Steven L. Bernasek, “Can We Understand the Molecule in Molecular Electronics”, Angewandte Chemie, Int. Ed., 51, 9737 (2012), Invited Highlight. Amber M. Hibberd, Susanna.Liljegren-Bergman, YuLin Zhong, and Steven L. Bernasek, “Potassium Spin Polarization Lifetime for a 30- Carbon Chain Siloxane Film”, J. Chem. Phys., 137, 174703 (2012). Amber M. Hibberd, Rachel Thorman, Joshua N. Wnuk, and Steven L. Bernasek, “Rubidium Deposition on Alkanethiolate Self-Assembled Monolayers on Gold”, J. App. Phys., 112, 023110 (2012). Amber M. Hibberd, Micha V. Balabas, Scott J. Seltzer, Dimitry Budker, and Steven L. Bernasek, “Charge Transfer from Atomic Rb to Organic Vapor-Cell Coatings”, Physical Review A, submitted. Amber M. Hibberd, Scott J. Seltzer, Michael Morse, Micha V. Balabas , Dimitry Budker, and Steven L. Bernasek, “Synchrotron radiation X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy depth-profiling study of light induced atomic desorption”, in preparation. Y.-L. Zhong and S.L. Bernasek, “Mild and efficient functionalization of hydrogen- terminated Si(111) via sonochemical activated hydrosilylation”, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 133, 8118 (2011). F. Tao and S.L. Bernasek, “Thermally-driven Switch of Binding Configuration of 3-Pyrroline on Si(111)-7×7″, J. Phys. Chem. C., 115, 2020 (2011). Y.-L. Zhong, and S.L. Bernasek, “Direct Photochemical Functionalization of Si(111) with Undecenol”, Langmuir, 27, 1796 (2011). S.J. Seltzer, D.J. Michalak, M.H. Donaldson, M.V. Balabas, S.K. Barber, S.L. Bernasek, M.A. Bouchiat, A. Hexemer, A.M. Hibberd, D.F. Kimball, C. Jaye, T. Karaulanov, F.A. Narducci, S.A. Rangwala, H.G. Robinson, A.K. Shmakov, D.L. Voronov, V.V. Yashchuk, A. Pines, and D. Budker, “Investigation of Antirelaxation Coatings for Alkali-metal Vapor Cells Using Surface Science Techniques”, J. Chem. Phys., 133, 144703 (2010). D.M. Rampulla, N. Oncel, S.A. Malcolm, and S.L. Bernasek, “Higher-Order Complexity through R-Group Effects in Self-Assembled Tripeptide Monolayers”, Langmuir, 26, 16287 (2010). F.Tao and S.L. Bernasek, “Self Assembled Monolayers”, in Andrews, D.L., Scholes G.D.,and Wiederrecht, G.P.(eds), Comprehensive Nanoscience and Technology, Volume 5, pp. 127-152 Oxford: Academic Press (2011). G. Bhargava, T.A. Ramanarayanan and S.L. Bernasek, “Imidazole-Fe Interaction in Aqueous Chloride Medium: Effect of Cathodic Reduction of the Native Oxide”, Langmuir, 26, 215 (2010). P.N. Dickerson, A.M. Hibberd, N. Oncel and S.L. Bernasek, “Hydrogen-bonding vs. Van der Waals Forces in Self Assembled Monolayers of Isophthalic Acids”, Langmuir, 26, 18155 (2010). M. Dubey, A. Raman, E.S. Gawalt, and S.L. Bernasek, “Differential Charging in X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy for Characterizing Organic Thin Films”, J. Electron Spec. Rel. Phen. , 176, 18 (2010).