个人简介

Ph.D., Michigan State University

研究领域

Biochemistry

Plants are the planet's primary producers of food, fuel, materials and medicines. Therefore, a self-sustaining civilization must of necessity acquire a profound understanding of plants. My research program deals with plant cell walls, particularly their hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins (HRGPs), which are major scaffolding components, and their role in plant form and function. And, as a result of our recent successes in creating synthetic gene analogs of HRGPs, this research also emphasizes the utilitarian value of reengineering HRGPs like plant gums or HGRP-human protein chimeras. Plant HRGPs are modular structural glycoproteins -- generally elongated, flexible, rodlike molecules with marked peptide periodicity. Some become crosslinked to form covalent cell wall networks that control extension growth, increase the tensile strength of the cell wall and impart mechanical resistance to attack by plant pathogens. Other HRGPs such as the arabinogalactan-proteins (AGPs) remain uncrosslinked and form a protective hydrophilic cushion at the interface between the plasma membrane and cell wall. Yet others, like the gum arabic glycoprotein are protective exudate gum components, acting as plastic sealants at the sites of mechanical injury. Still other HRGPs contain highly symmetrical motifs with palindromic amino acid sidechains ñ the sequence of the amino acid sidechains reads the same forwards as backwards. Involvement of these peptide palindromes in more subtle molecular roles such as self-ordering liquid crystals could lead to biomineralization, epitaxial growth and self-assembly of wall components at the cell surface, or molecular recognition of pathogens. Current and Future Work deals with: HGRP post-translational modifications and functions at the molecular level. Synthetic genes for simple repetitive HRGP constructs can test predicted sites of glycosylation and other functional properties. Suitably modified they can also be used as endogenous inhibitors of specific HRGPs to probe function module by module. Simple HRGP constructs provide useful substrates to assay the HRGP-specific prolyl hydroxylases, glycosyltransferases and crosslinking enzymes yet to be isolated. HRGP contribution to cell wall networks and other supramolecular structures. Synthetic genes are also being used in my lab to test the role of other motifs in cell wall self-assembly mechanisms: The sequence Val-Tyr-Lys is a putative intermolecular crosslink motif responsible for extensin network formation, to be tested using constructs engineered with Tyr to Phe and Lys to Leu substitutions. Crosslinking spacing may determine whether extensin networks are tight or loose, hence their function as mechanical barriers, ultrafilters or molecular sieves. The Tyr-Xaa-Tyr intramolecular isodityrosine crosslink motif rigidifies the extended polypeptide backbone and results in intermolecular di-isodityrosin crosslinking and the formation of pathogen-resistant barrier networks. Association of membrane-anchored arabinogalactan-proteins may form a cell-type specific hydrophilic cushion between the plasmamembrane and the wall, and assist and direct cell wall assembly. The design of new gums and other hydrocolloids of utilitarian value. Exudate gums are of widespread industrial use, mainly due to their HRGP component. For the first time we have the opportunity of radically reengineering these gums to enhance their specific properties. Gum arabic glycoprotein exemplifies emulsification properties, but the precise mechanism by which this hydrophilic molecule stabilizes lipophilic suspensions is unknown. We have designed synthetic constructs to solve that problem. New precisely engineered hydrogels are envisaged that can be produced in plants, for example, as monomers for subsequent crosslinking. Such benign biodegradable ëgreení polymers produced in plant ëfactoriesí could contribute to our self-sustainability and reduce our reliance on petrochemicals.

近期论文

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Self-assembly of the plant cell wall requires an extensin scaffold Maura C. Cannon, Kimberly Terneus, Qi Hall, Li Tan, Yumei Wang, Benjamin L. Wegenhart, Liwei Chen, Derek T. A. Lamport, Yuning Chen, and Marcia J. Kieliszewski. PNAS . 105:2226-2231(2008). High-yields and extended serum half-life of human interferon a2b expressed in tobacco cells as arabinogalactan-protein fusions. Jianfeng Xu, Li Tan, Kenneth J. Goodrum, Marcia J. Kieliszewski. Biotechnol Bioeng. (2007). Characterization of Synthetic Hydroxyproline-Rich Proteoglycans with Arabinogalactan Protein and Extensin Motifs in Arabidopsis. Jos?M. Est�vez, Marcia J. Kieliszewski, Natalie Khitrov, and Chris Somerville. Plant Physiol. 142:458-470 (2006). Aggregate structure of hydroxyproline-rich glycoprotein (HRGP) and HRGP assisted dispersion of carbon nanotubes. Ben Wegenhart, Li Tan, Michael Held, Marcia Kieliszewski and Liwei Chen. Nanoscale Research Letters 1:154-159 (2006). Synthetic Genes for the Production of Novel Arabinogalactan-proteins and Plant Gums. Marcia J. Kieliszewski,Jianfeng Xu. Foods & Food Ingredients Journal of Japan 211:32-37 (2006). Salt stress upregulates periplasmic arabinogalactan proteins:using salt stress to analyse AGP function. Lamport,DTA, Kieliszewski,MJ, Showalter,AM. New Phytologist 169:479-492 (2006). Production of recombinant plant gum with tobacco cell culture in bioreactor and gum characterization. Xu J, Shpak E, Gu T, Moo-Young M, Kieliszewski M,. Biotechnol Bioeng 90:578-588 (2005). The lysine-rich arabinogalactan-protein sbfamily in Arabidopsis: Gene expression, glycoprotein purification, and biochemical characterization. Sun,W., Xu,J-F, Yang,J., Kieliszewski,MJ. Plant Cell Physiol. 46:975-984 (2005). Rab11 GTPase-regulated membrane trafficking is crucial for tip-focused pollen tube growth deGraaf,B.H.J., Cheung,A.Y., Andreyev,T., Levasseur,K., Kieliszewski,M.J., Wu,H.M. Plant Cell. 17:2564-2579 (2005). Structure of a hydroxyproline-arabinogalactan polysaccharide from repetitive Ala-Hyp expressed in transgenicNicotiana tabacum. Tan L., Feng Q., Lamport,D.T.A., Kieliszewski,M.J. J. Biol. Chem. 279:13156-13165 (2004). Di-Isodityrosine is the intermolecular cross link of isodityrosine-rich extension analogs cross linked in vitro. Held MA., Tan L., Kamyab A., Hare M., Shapk E., Kieliszewski, M.J. J. Biol. Chem.279:55474-55482 (2004). Glycosylation motifs that direct arabinogalactan addition to arabinogalactan-proteins. Tan,L., Leykam,J.F., Kieliszewski,M.J. Plant Physiology 132:1362-1369 (2003). An arabinogalactan-protein associated with the secondary cell wall formation in differentiating xylem of loblolly pine. Zhang,Y., Brown,G., Whetten,R., Loopstra,C.A., Neale,D., Kieliszewski,M.J., Sederoff,R.R. Plant Molecular Biology 52:91-102 (2003). Tomato LeAGP-1 is a plasma membrane-bound, glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored arabinogalactan-protein. Sun,W., Zhao,Z.D., Hare,M.C., Kieliszewski,M.J., Showalter,A.M. Physiologia Plantarum 120:319-327 (2003). Tomato LeAGP-1 arabinogalactan-protein purified from transgenic tobacco corroborates the Hyp contiguity hypothesis. Zhao,Z.D., Tan,L., Showalter,A.M., Lamport,D.T.A., Kieliszewski,M.J. Plant Journal 31:431-444 (2002). Contiguous hydroxyproline residues direct hydroxyproline arabinosylation in Nicotiana tabacum. Shapk,E., Barbar,E., Leykam,J.F., Kieliszewski,M.J. Journal of Biological CHemistry 276:11272-11278 (2001). The latest Hype on O-Glycosylation Codes. Kieliszewski,M.J. Phytochemistry 57:319-323 (2001). Synthetic genes for the elucidation of glycosylation codes for arabinogalactan-proteins and other hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins. Kieliszewski,M.J., Shpak,E. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences 58:1386-1398 (2001). Peptides released by enzymic degradation of cell walls from root nodules and uninfected roots of Medicago truncatula. Frueauf,J.B., Dolata,M., Leykam,J.F., Lloyd,E.A., Gonzales,M., VandenBosch,K., Kieliszewski,M.J. Phytochemistry 55:429-438 (2000). Gum arabic glycoprotein contains glycomodules of both extensin andarabinogalactan-glycoproteins. Goodrum,L.J., Patel,A., Leykam,J.F., Kieliszewski,M.J. Phytochemistry 54:99-106 (2000).