个人简介

Alexander Pines is the Glenn T. Seaborg Professor of Chemistry at the University of California, Berkeley, Senior Scientist in the Materials Sciences Division of the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), and a Faculty Affiliate at QB3-the California Institute of Quantitative Biomedical Research. He was born in 1945, grew up in Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe) and studied undergraduate mathematics and chemistry in Israel. Coming to the United States in 1968, Pines obtained his Ph.D. in chemical physics at M.I.T. in 1972 and joined the Berkeley faculty later that year. Selected awards and honors include the Michael Faraday Medal, The Royal Society (U.K.); Dickson Prize, Carnegie Mellon University; ACS Irving Langmuir Award; F. A. Cotton Medal for Excellence in Chemical Research; Russell Varian Prize, European Magnetic Resonance Society; Wolf Prize in Chemistry; Distinguished Teaching Award, University of California; Member, U.S. National Academy of Sciences; Fellow, American Academy of Arts and Sciences; Foreign Member, The Royal Society (U.K.); Foreign Honorable Member, NMR Society of Japan; Foreign Fellow, National Academy of Sciences, India; Lord Todd Professor, University of Cambridge; Hinshelwood Professor, University of Oxford; Loeb Lecturer in Physics, Harvard University; past President, International Society of Magnetic Resonance; several Honorary Doctorates.

研究领域

NMR and MRI; Materials Science; Biophysical Chemistry Pines is a pioneer in the development and applications of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. In his early work, he demonstrated time-reversal of dipole-dipole couplings in many-body spin systems, and introduced cross-polarization high resolution NMR of dilute spins such as carbon-13 in solids, thereby helping to launch the era of modern solid-state NMR in chemistry. He also developed the areas of multiple-quantum spectroscopy, adiabatic sech/tanh inversion pulses, zero-field NMR, double rotation and dynamic-angle spinning for quadrupolar nuclei, iterative maps for pulse sequences and quantum control, and the quantum geometric phase. His combination of optical pumping and cross-polarization made it possible to observe enhanced NMR of surfaces and the selective "lighting up" of solution NMR and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). His current program is composed of two complementary components. The first is the establishment of new concepts and techniques in NMR and MRI, in order to extend their applicability and enhance their capability to investigate molecular structure, organization and function from nanometers to meters in systems ranging from materials to organisms. Examples of methodologies emanating from these efforts include: novel spin polarization and detection methods, ex situ and mobile NMR and MRI, laser-polarized NMR and MRI, functionalized NMR biosensors and molecular imaging, ultralow and zero-field SQUID NMR and MRI, remote detection of NMR and MRI amplified by means of laser magnetometers, and miniaturization including microfluidic chemistry and “NMR/MRI on a chip”. The second component of his research program involves the application of such novel methods to problems in chemistry, materials science, and biomedicine.

NMR and MRI; Materials Science; Biophysical Chemistry Pines is a pioneer in the development and applications of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. In his early work, he demonstrated time-reversal of dipole-dipole couplings in many-body spin systems, and introduced cross-polarization high resolution NMR of dilute spins such as carbon-13 in solids, thereby helping to launch the era of modern solid-state NMR in chemistry. He also developed the areas of multiple-quantum spectroscopy, adiabatic sech/tanh inversion pulses, zero-field NMR, double rotation and dynamic-angle spinning for quadrupolar nuclei, iterative maps for pulse sequences and quantum control, and the quantum geometric phase. His combination of optical pumping and cross-polarization made it possible to observe enhanced NMR of surfaces and the selective "lighting up" of solution NMR and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). His current program is composed of two complementary components. The first is the establishment of new concepts and techniques in NMR and MRI, in order to extend their applicability and enhance their capability to investigate molecular structure, organization and function from nanometers to meters in systems ranging from materials to organisms. Examples of methodologies emanating from these efforts include: novel spin polarization and detection methods, ex situ and mobile NMR and MRI, laser-polarized NMR and MRI, functionalized NMR biosensors and molecular imaging, ultralow and zero-field SQUID NMR and MRI, remote detection of NMR and MRI amplified by means of laser magnetometers, and miniaturization including microfluidic chemistry and “NMR/MRI on a chip”. The second component of his research program involves the application of such novel methods to problems in chemistry, materials science, and biomedicine.

近期论文

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Kennedy DJ, Seltzer SJ, Jimenez-Martinez R, Ring HL, Malecek N, Knappe S, Donley E, Kitching J, Bajaj VS, Pines A. 2017. An optimized microfabricated platform for the optical generation and detection of hyperpolarized 129Xe. Scientific Reports . Google Scholar BibTex Tagged Gomes M, Dao P, Jeong K, Slack C, Vassiliou C, Francis MB, Wemmer D, Pines A. 2016. 129Xe NMR Relaxation-Based Macromolecular Sensing. JACS Communication. 138(31)Google Scholar BibTex Tagged Truxal AE, Slack CC, Gomes MD, Vassiliou CC, Wemmer DE, Pines A. 2016. Nondisruptive Dissolution of Hyperpolarized 129Xe into Viscous Aqueous and Organic Liquid Crystalline Environments. Angewandte Chemie . Google Scholar BibTex Tagged Tayler M.C.D., Sjolander T.F., Pines A, Budker D.. 2016. Nuclear magnetic resonance at millitesla fields using a zero-field spectrometer. Journal of the American Chemical Society. Google Scholar BibTex Tagged Slack CS, Finbloom JA, Jeong K, Bruns CJ, Wemmer DE, Pines A, Francis MB. 2016. Rotaxane probes for protease detection by 129Xe hyperCEST NMR. Chemical Communications. Google Scholar BibTex Tagged Finbloom JA, Slack CC, Bruns CJ, Jeong K, Wemmer DE, Pines A, Francis MB. 2016. Rotaxane-mediated suppression and activation of cucurbit[6]uril for molecular detection by 129Xe hyperCEST NMR. ChemComm. Google Scholar BibTex Tagged PDF Jeong K, Netirojjanakul C, Munch HK, Sun J, Finbloom JA, Wemmer DE, Pines A, Francis MB. 2016. Targeted Molecular Imaging of Cancer Cells using MS2-Based 129Xe NMR. Bioconjugate Chemistry. 27(8)Google Scholar BibTex Tagged Sjolander TF, Tayler M, King JP, Budker D, Pines A. 2016. Transition-Selective Pulses in Zero-Field Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. The Journal of Physical Chemistry. 120(25)Google Scholar BibTex Tagged Parker AJ, Wang H-J, Li Y, Pines A, King JP. 2015. Decoherence-protected transitions of nitrogen-vacancy centers in 99% 13C-enriched diamond. arXiv:1506.05484. Google Scholar BibTex Tagged PDF Jeong K, Slack CC, Vassiliou CC, Dao P, Gomes MD, Kennedy DJ, Truxal AE, Sperling LJ, Francis MB, Wemmer DE et al.. 2015. Investigation of DOTA‐Metal Chelation Effects on 129Xe Chemical Shift. ChemPhysChem. Google Scholar BibTex Tagged PDF Blanchard JW, Sjolander TF, King JP, Ledbetter M, Levine EH, Bajaj VS, Budker D, Pines A. 2015. Measurement of untruncated nuclear spin interactions via zero-to ultralow-field nuclear magnetic resonance. Physical Review B. Google Scholar BibTex Tagged King JP, Jeong K, Vassiliou CC, Shin CS, Page RH, Avalos CE, Wang H-J, Pines A. 2015. Room temperature in situ nuclear spin hyperpolarization from optically pumped nitrogen vacancy centers in diamond. Nature Communications. Google Scholar BibTex Tagged PDF Shimizu Y., Blanchard J.W., Pustelny S., Saielli G., Bagno A., Ledbetter M.P., Budker D., Pines A. 2015. Zero-field nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of viscous liquids. Journal of Magnetic Resonance. 250:1-6.Google Scholar BibTex Tagged PDF Shapiro MG, R. Ramirez M, Sperling LJ, Sun G, Sun J, Pines A, Schaffer DV, Bajaj VS. 2014. Genetically encoded reporters for hyperpolarized xenon MRI. Nature Chemistry. 6:629-634.Google Scholar BibTex Tagged PDF Halpern-Manners N.W., Kennedy D.J., Trease D.R., Teisseyre T.Z., Malecek N.S., Pines A, Bajaj V.S.. 2014. Gradient-free microfluidic flow labeling using thin magnetic films and remotely detected MRI (Cover Article). Journal of Magnetic Resonance. 249:135-140.Google Scholar BibTex Tagged PDF Emondts M., Ledbetter M.P, Pustelny S., Theis T., Patton B., Blanchard J.W, Butler M.C, Budker D., Pines A. 2014. Long-lived Heteronuclear Spin-Singlet States in Liquids at a Zero Magnetic Field. Physical Review Letters. 112(7):077601.Google Scholar BibTex Tagged PDF Palaniappan K.K., Francis M.B., Pines A, Wemmer D.E.. 2014. Molecular Sensing Using Hyperpolarized Xenon NMR Spectroscopy. Israel Journal of Chemistry. 54:104-112.Google Scholar BibTex Tagged PDF Jimenez-Martinez R., Kennedy D.J, Rosenbluh M., Donley E.A, Knappe S., Seltzer S.J, Ring H., Bajaj V.S., Kitching J.. 2014. Optical hyperpolarization and NMR detection of 129Xe on a microfluidic chip. Nature Communication. 5:3908.Google Scholar BibTex Tagged PDF Wang H.J, Shin C.S, Seltzer S.J, Avalos C.E, Pines A, Bajaj V.S. 2014. Optically detected cross-relaxation spectroscopy of electron spins in diamonds. Nature Communication. 5:4135.Google Scholar BibTex Tagged PDF Shin C.S, Butler M.C, Wang H.J, Avalos C.E, Seltzer S.J, Liu R., Pines A, Bajaj V.S.. 2014. Optically-detected nuclear quadrupolar interaction of 14N in nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond. Physical Review B. 89(20):205202.Google Scholar BibTex Tagged PDF Ganssle P.J, Shin H.D, Seltzer S.J, Bajaj V.S., Ledbetter M.P, Budker D., Knappe S., Kitching J., Pines A. 2014. Ultra-Low-Field NMR Relaxation and Diffusion Measurements Using an Optical Magnetometer (Cover Article). Angewandte Chemie. 53(37):1-6.Google Scholar BibTex Tagged PDF Theis T, Blanchard JW, Butler MC, Ledbetter MP, Budker D, Pines A. 2013. Chemical analysis using J-coupling multiplets in zero-field NMR. Chemical Physics Letters. 580:160-165.Google Scholar BibTex Tagged PDF Colell J., Turschmann P., Gloggler S., Schleker P., Theis T., Ledbetter M., Budker D., Pines A, Blumich B., Appelt S.. 2013. Fundamental Aspects of Parahydrogen Enhanced Low-Field Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. Physical Review Letters. 110(13):137602.Google Scholar BibTex Tagged PDF Blanchard J.W, Ledbetter M.P, Theis T., Butler M.C, Budker D., Pines A. 2013. High-Resolution Zero-Field NMR J-Spectroscopy of Aromatic Compounds. Journal of the American Chemical Society. 135(9):3607-3612.Google Scholar BibTex Tagged PDF Stevens T.K., Palaniappan K.K., Ramirez R.M., Francis M.B., Wemmer D.E., Pines A. 2013. HyperCEST detection of a 129Xe-based contrast agent composed of cryptophane-A molecular cages on a bacteriophage scaffold. Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. 69(5):1245-1252.Google Scholar BibTex Tagged PDF