Altosaar, Illimar - University of Ottawa - Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology

个人简介

BSc (McGill) PhD (UBC) NATO Fellow (Imperial College of Science, Technology & Medicine, London, UK) Nestle Research Centre (Lausanne/Tours 1999-2000) Microbial Biofilm Centre (UNSW Sydney 2006-07) Scripps Research Institute (La Jolla 2013-14)

研究领域

Innate immunity of mammary and gastrointestinal epithelia Nutritional and immunological modulation of neonatal gut health intrigues us. We endeavour to shed more light on the "black box" between breast milk and baby's first bacterial invaders. Several basic and translational projects focus on how mother's milk and/or infant formula and enteric microflora interact with gastric associated lymphoid tissue to impart gut health. Molecular dissection of the immune signals may help to stimulate intestinal adaptation, maintain function and prevent disease in premature infants, such as necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). The group has established a unique model of collaboration among neonatal intensive care, pediatric gastroenterology and innate immunity. Fate and function of breast milk components (e.g. exosomes, microRNAs, proteins) with immuno-modulatory and anti-microbial properties are monitored both in the newborn gastrointestinal tract and mammary gland: passage, uptake, localization and distribution of breast milk bioactives in newborn animal GI tracts; and, immune responses of these milk constituents.

近期论文

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Floris I, Kraft JD, Altosaar I. Roles of microRNA across prenatal and postnatal periods. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2016, 17, 1994; doi:10.3390/ijms17121994 (12pp.) Altosaar et al., 2015. WO2015016829A1 Feed for lactating ruminants, A feed for ruminants may include at least one fatty acid component covalently linked with a carrier particle such that ingestion of the feed by lactating ruminants may provide for an increase in the amount of milk produced by the ruminant, and/or an increase in the fat content of the milk produced. Ward TL, Goto K, Altosaar I. 2014. Ingested soluble CD14 contributes to the functional pool of circulating sCD14 in mice. Immunobiology 219(7): 537–546 Ward TL, Spencer WJ, Davis LDR, Harrold JA, Mack DR, Altosaar I. 2014. Ingested soluble CD14 from milk is transferred intact into the blood of newborn rats. Pediatric Research 75(2): 252–258 doi:10.1038/pr.2013.225 Ward TL, Hosid S, Ioshikhes I, Altosaar I. 2013. Human milk metagenome: a functional capacity analysis. BMC Microbiology 2013, 13:116-127 (25 May 2013 online) doi:10.1186/1471-2180-13-116. Designated "Highly accessed" Davis LDR, Spencer WJ, Pham VT, Ward TL, Blais DR, Mack DR, Kaplan H, Altosaar I. 2011. 14C-Radiolabeling of proteins to monitor biodistribution of ingested proteins. Analytical Biochemistry 410:57–61 Davis LDR, Spencer WJ, Mack DR, Altosaar I. 2011. Maternal separation and gastrointestinal transit time in neonate rats. Laboratory Animals 45:280–282 Spencer WJ, Binette A, Ward TL et al 2010 Alpha-lactalbumin in Human Milk alters the proteolytic degradation of soluble CD14 by forming a complex. Pediatric Research 68:490-49