Crawford, Stephen - University of Guelph - Department of Integrative Biology

个人简介

Since 2005, my faculty position in the Department of Integrative Biology has been co-sponsored by the University of Guelph and the Chippewas of Nawash Unceded First Nation - an Ojibway community on the Saugeen (Bruce) Peninsula of Lake Huron, Ontario. After a decade of working with the Saugeen Ojibway Nation (SON=Nawash and Saugeen First Nation, collectively) on research and management issues associated with their Constitutionally-protected Aboriginal fisheries, my efforts shifted significantly to this academic environment. Under terms of the Nawash-UG Memorandum of Agreement, my work is organized in three major areas that provide overlapping benefits to both sponsoring partners: Research (Nawash/UG), Service (Nawash/UG), and Teaching (UG). B.Sc. - University Guelph (1985) M.Sc. - Queen's University (1987) Ph.D. - University of Guelph (1993)

研究领域

As defined in the Nawash-UG MOA, my research program is divided into three major themes that vary over time in response to specific needs of Nawash/SON and the opportunity for innovative scholarly collaborations. 1. Great Lakes Fish Ecology My initial training as a fish ecologist has continued over the past decades in several forms, including: developmental biology, animal behaviour, fish habitat, effect of exotic species, species-at-risk, fish population and community dynamics, and the response of ecosystems to natural and human disturbance. Currently, I am engaged in development and implementation of the following research projects associated with priority issues in the SON traditional territory: Effects of the Bruce Nuclear Generating Station on lake whitefish population(s) in Lake Huron Larval fish nursery habitat evaluation in nearshore waters of the Great Lakes Ecological factors associated with native and non-native salmonid population dynamics 2. Science in Natural Resource Management Much of my service with Nawash/SON has been focused on their Nation-to-Nation resource management negotiations with Canada (Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Environment Canada, Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission), Ontario (Ministry of Natural Resources, Ministry of Environment), as well as Industry and Environmental NGOs. Consistently, one of the major issues in these negotiations is the quality of science in management decision-making - especially as it relates to role of hypotheses and empirical evidence to evaluate uncertainty in (a) states of nature, and (b) consequences of proposed management actions (e.g., fisheries harvests, habitat alteration, cooling water intake systems). Currently, I am engaged in development and implementation of the following research projects associated with priority issues in the SON traditional territory: Determination of safe harvest limits for Lake Huron fisheries Re-incorporation of 'fish habitat' protection in the Canadian Fisheries Act Development of Canadian regulatory framework for nuclear power plant entrainment/impingement 3. Indigenous-Western Science Knowledge Systems When Nawash requested me to critically examine the theoretical and practical basis for engagement between their traditional knowledge holders and 'Western' scientists/managers, I had no idea about the depth and breadth of these issues. I was very fortunate to receive strategic support from the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada that enabled me to establish insightful collaborations with Ojibway, Haudenosaunee and Maori scholars who helped me begin to recognize the fundamental concept of knowledge systems in both Indigenous and Science cultural dynamics. Currently, I am engaged in a research program with Dr. Jeji Varghese (UG Sociology) with the following research projects: Knowledge Systems as a practical framework for cross-cultural, multidisciplinary engagement Cultural history and relevance of 'Western' science for modern Indigenous communities Survey of Western scholars' understanding of science in theory and practice Rigorous examination of published scientific knowledge: polar bear population ecology as a case study

近期论文

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Eberts, R.L., Wissel, B., Simpson, G.L., Crawford, S.S., Stott, W., Hanner, R.H., Manzon, R.G., Wilson, J.Y., Borehamn, D.R., and Somers, C.M. 2016. Isotopic structure of lake whitefish in Lake Huron: evidence for regional and local populations based on resource use. North American Journal of Fisheries Management: [In Press]. Overdyk, L., Braid, H., Naaum, A., Hanner, R., and Crawford, S. 2016a. Real-time PCR identification of lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) in the Laurentian Great Lakes. Journal of Fish Biology 88: 1460-1474. Overdyk, L.M., Holm, E., Crawford, S.S., and Hanner, R.H. 2016b. Increased taxonomic resolution of Laurentian Great Lakes ichthyoplankton through DNA barcoding: a case study comparison against visual identification of larval fishes from Stokes Bay, Lake Huron. Journal of Great Lakes Research 42: 812-818. Overdyk, L.M., Braid, H.E., Crawford, S.S., and Hanner, R.H. 2015. Extending DNA barcoding coverage for lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) across the three major basins of Lake Huron. DNA Barcodes 3: 59-65. Ryan, K.M. & S.S. Crawford. 2014. Distribution and abundance of larval lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) in Stokes Bay, Lake Huron. Journal of Great Lakes Research: 40(3): 755-762. LaRiviere, C.M. & S.S. Crawford. 2013. Indigenous principles of wild harvest and management: an Ojibway community as a case study. Human Ecology 41: 947-960. Harford, W.J., A.M. Muir, C. Harpur, S.S. Crawford, S. Parker & N.E. Mandrak. 2012. Seasonal distribution of bloater (Coregonus hoyi) in the waters of Lake Huron surrounding the Bruce Peninsula. Journal of Great Lakes Research 38: 381-389. Lukey, J.R., S.S. Crawford, D.J. Gillis & M.G. Gillespie. 2010b. Effect of ecological uncertainty on species at risk decision-making: COSEWIC expert opinion as a case study. Animal Conservation 14: 151-157. Lukey, J.R., S.S. Crawford & D. Gillis. 2010a. Effect of information availability on assessment and designation of species at risk. Conservation Biology 24: 1396-1406. Crawford, S., C.A. Wehkamp & N. Smith. 2010a. Translation of Indigenous/Western science perspectives on Adaptive Management for environmental assessments, Report prepared for the Research and Development Monograph Series 2009, Canadian Environmental Assessment Agency, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. 65pp. Naumann, B.T. & S.S. Crawford. 2009. Is it possible to identify habitat for a rare species? Shortjaw Cisco (Coregonus zenithicus) in Lake Huron as a case study. Environmental Biology of Fishes 86: 341-348. Lukey, J.R. & S.S. Crawford. 2009. Consistency of COSEWIC species at risk designations: freshwater fishes as a case study. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 66: 959-971. Crawford, S. 2009. Matauranga Maori and Western science: the importance of hypotheses, predictions and protocols. Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand 39: 163-166. Clemens, B.J. & S.S. Crawford. 2009. The ecology of body size and depth use by bloater (Coregonus hoyi Gill) in the Laurentian Great Lakes: patterns and hypotheses. Reviews in Fisheries Science 17: 174-186.