个人简介

B.S., Western Kentucky College, 1957; Ph.D., Northwestern University, 1960; D.Sc.h.c., Northwestern University; University of Rochester; University of Chicago; University Paul Sabatier (France); Bowling Green State University; Columbia University, Goteborg University; University of Pennsylvania; Oberlin College; University of Arizona; Carleton University (Canada); University of South Carolina; University of Copenhagen, University of Edinburgh; Occidental College; Simon Fraser University; Carleton College; Fil.dr.h.c., Gothenburg University; Bowling Green State University; Laurea h.c., University of Florence (Italy); D.L.h.c., Illinois Wesleyan University. Ph.D.h.c., Weizmann Institute of Science (Israel); Distinguished Professorships, Eastman Professor, Oxford University, 1997-98; Distinguished Professorship, University of Hong Kong, 2005; Visiting Professor of Inorganic Chemistry, Caltech, 1965; Professor of Chemistry, 1966-81; William R. Kenan Professor, 1976-81; Beckman Professor, 1981-. Chairman, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, 1978-84; Director, Beckman Institute, 1986-2001; Founding Director, 2001-.

研究领域

Professor Gray's interdisciplinary research program addresses a wide range of fundamental problems in inorganic chemistry, biochemistry, and biophysics. Electron-transfer (ET) chemistry is a unifying theme for much of this research. Great progress has been made in understanding how covalent bridges mediate long-range ET reactions. Questions remain, however, regarding the contributions of solvents to long-range interactions between electron donors and acceptors. Gray's research has shown that electron tunneling in aqueous glasses is much less efficient than tunneling across saturated covalent bridges. Investigations of ET reactions between excited metal complexes and electron acceptors in rigid protic and aprotic media are probing the factors that control distant couplings through solvents. Over the past twenty years the Gray group has been measuring the kinetics of long-range ET reactions in metalloproteins labeled with inorganic redox reagents. Current research is aimed at understanding how intermediate protein radicals accelerate long-range ET. New techniques have been developed for measuring ET rates in crystals of Ru-, Os-, and Re-modified azurins, as well as crystals of Fe(III)-cytochrome c doped with Zn(II)-cytochrome c. This method of integrating photosensitizers into protein crystals has provided a powerful new tool for studying biochemical reaction dynamics. Electron exchange with metal cofactors deeply buried in the interiors of redox enzymes is often quite slow. Researchers in the Gray group have succeeded in accelerating the delivery of electrons and holes to the buried active site of cytochrome P450 by tethering a photochemical redox sensitizer to P450 substrate analogs. This approach is now being exploited in studies of several other redox enzymes (e.g., nitric oxide synthase, catechol oxidase, amine oxidase). Gray has published over 900 research papers and 18 books. He has received the Ira Remsen Award (1979); the Edgar Fahs Smith Award (1984); the Bailar Medal (1984); the Centenary Medal (1985); the National Medal of Science from President Ronald Reagan (1986); the Pauling Medal (1986); the California Scientist of the Year Award (1988); the Gold Medal of the American Institute of Chemists (1990); the Waterford Award of the Scripps Research Institute (1991); the Linderstrøm-Lang Prize from Denmark (1992); the Gibbs Medal (1992); the Basolo Medal (1994); the Chandler Medal (1999); the Harvey Prize from the Technion (2000); the Nichols Medal (2003); the Wheland Medal (2003); the Dwyer Medal from Australia (2003); the National Academy of Sciences Award in Chemical Sciences (2003); the Benjamin Franklin Medal in Chemistry (2004); the Wolf Prize in Chemistry (2004); the City of Florence (Italy) Prize in Molecular Sciences (2006); the Welch Award in Chemistry (2009); the International Coordination Chemistry Award from Japan (2010); the Othmer Gold Medal (2013); the T. W. Richards Medal (2014); D.Sc.h.c., Simon Fraser University (2015); ACS-NY Section CME Leadership Award for Propelling Science (2017); D.Sc.h.c., Carleton College (2017); Alan MacDiarmid Medal, University of Pennsylvania (2017); Feynman Prize, Caltech (2018); F. A. Cotton Medal, Texas A&M University (2018); Frank H. Westheimer Prize, Harvard University (2018); six national awards from the American Chemical Society, including the Priestley Medal (1991); and 20 honorary doctorates. He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences; the American Academy of Arts and Sciences; the American Philosophical Society; a foreign member of the Royal Danish Academy of Sciences and Letters; the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences; the Royal Society of Great Britain; and the Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei. He served on the Council of the National Academy of Sciences (1986-1989) and on the Governing Board of the National Research Council (1986-1989). He was President of the Society of Biological Inorganic Chemistry (2002-2004), Chairman of the Board of Trustees of the Gordon Research Conferences (2000), and Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Arnold and Mabel Beckman Foundation (2013-2015). He is Principal Investigator of the NSF CCI Solar Fuels Program and a Director of University Science Books.

Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics; Chemistry

近期论文

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Electron flow through metalloproteins, H. B. Gray and J. R. Winkler, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 2010, 1797, 1563-1572. Near-IR Phosphorescence of Iridium(III) Corroles at Ambient Temperature, J. H. Palmer, A. C. Durrell, Z. Gross, J. R.Winkler, and H. B. Gray, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2010, 132, 9230-9231. Tris(hydroxypropyl)phosphine Oxide: A Chiral Three-Dimensional Material with Nonlinear Optical Properties, A. C. Durrell, H. B. Gray, N. Hazari, C. J. Incarvito, J. Liu, and E. C. Y. Yan, Crystal Growth & Design Comm. 2010, 10, 1482-1485. Electronic Structures, photophysical properties, and electrochemistry of ruthenium(II)(bpy)2 pyridylimidazole complexes, K. M. Lancaster, J. B. Gerken, A. C. Durrell, J. H. Palmer, and H. B. Gray, Coord. Chem. Rev. 2010, 254, 1803-18011 Kinetics of Electron Transfer Reactions of H2-Evolving Cobalt Diglyoxime Catalysts, J. L. Dempsey, J. R. Winkler, and H. B. Gray, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2010, 132, 1060-1065. Electronic Structures of Pd-ll Dimers, J. E. Bercaw, A. C. Durrell, H. B. Gray, J. C. Green, N. Hazari, J. A. Labinger, and J. R. Winkler, Inorg. Chem. 2010, 49, 1801-1810. Terbium-Macrocycle Complexes as Chemical Sensors: Detection of an Aspirin Metabolite in Urine Using a Salicylurate-Specific Receptor Site, T. L. Esplin, M. L. Cable, H. B. Gray, and A. Ponce, Inorg. Chem. 2010, 49, 4643-4647. Electron Tunneling Through Sensitizer Wires Bound to Proteins, M. R. Hartings, I. V. Kurnikov, A. R. Dunn, J. R. Winkler, H. B. Gray, and M.A. Ratner, Coord. Chem. Rev. 2010, 254, 248-253. Type Zero Copper Proteins, K.M. Lancaster, S. DeBeer George, J. H. Richards, and H.B. Gray, Nature Chemistry 2009, 1, 711-715. Detection of Bacterial Spores with Lanthanide-Macrocycle Binary Complexes, M. L. Cable, J. P. Kirby, D. J. Levine, M. J. Manary, H. B. Gray, and A. Ponce, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 9562-9570. Hydrogen Evolution Catalyzed by Cobaloximes, J. L. Dempsey, B. S. Brunschwig, J. R. Winkler, and H. B. Gray, Accounts Chem. Res. 2009, 42, 1995-2004. Structures and Reactivity Patterns of Group 9 Metallocorroles, J. H. Palmer, A. Mahammed, K. M. Lancaster, Z. Gross, and H. B. Gray, Inorg. Chem. 2009, 48, 9308-9315. Electron flow through proteins, H. B. Gray and J. R. Winkler, Chem. Phys. Lett. 2009, 483, 1-9. Relaxation Dynamics of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Rel(CO)3(a-diimine)HisX)+ (X = 83, 107, 109, 124, 126)Cull Azurins, A. M. Blanco-Rodriguez, M. Busby, K. Ronayne, M. Towrie, C. Gradinaru, J. Sudhamsu, J. Sykora, M. Hof, S. Zallis, A. J. Di Bilio, B. R. Crane, H. B. Gray and A. Vlcek, Jr., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 11788-11800. Nanosecond photoreduction of inducible nitric oxide synthase by a Ru-diimine electron tunneling wire bound distant from the active site, C. A. Whited, W. Belliston-Bittner, A. R. Dunn, J. R. Winkler, and H. B. Gray, J. Inorg. Biochem. 2009, 103, 906-911. Folding energy landscape of cytochrome cb562, T. Kimura, J. C. Lee, H. B. Gray, and J. R. Winkler, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2009, 106, 7834-7839. Tumor detection and elimination by a targeted gallium corrole, H. Agadjanian, J. Ma, A. Rentsendor, V. Valluripalli, J. Y. Hwang, A. Mahammed, D. L.Farkas, H. B. Gray, Z. Gross, and L. K. Medina-Kauwe, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2009, 106, 6100-6105. Powering the planet with solar fuel, H. B. Gray, Nature Chemistry 2009, 1, 7. Synchronous vs Asynchronous Chain Motion in alpha-Synuclein Contact Dynamics, K. G. Urie, D. Angulo, J. C. Lee, J. J. Kozak, H. B. Gray, J. R. Winkler, J. Phys. Chem. B 2009, 113, 522-530. Fred Basolo (1920-2007), G. B. Kauffman, L. M. Kauffman, H. B. Gray, and J. S. Magyar, Inorg. Chim. Acta 2009, 362, 1396-1397.