Marchesi, Julian R - Cardiff University

个人简介

After graduating from Cardiff University I started work on looking at the impact of genetically modified microbes on natural ecosystems. At this point I developed an interest in the contribution of uncultured microbes to the maintenance and function of "natural" ecosystems i.e. molecular microbial ecology. After this research position I continued to use molecular biological methods to investigate microbes in the deep biosphere ecosystem which exists below the sea-floor and developed molecular methods to investigate methane producing bacteria in this ecosystem. I followed this work with a Wellcome Trust Fellowship and extended my molecular microbial ecology interest to investigate, using culture independent methods, the diversity and distribution of genes involved in biodegradation of priority pollutants. It was during this period that I started turning my attention to using these molecular methods to explore the unculturable bacteria and their involvement in the human ecosystem. I obtained a Lectureship in the Department of Microbiology, University College Cork (UCC) and this provided me with the opportunity to investigate the contribution microbes make to gastrointestinal tract function. In UCC my group investigated the human gut ecosystem in health and disease and used molecular methods to understand how bacteria contribute to the key functions which are found in human GI tracts. My current research interest is to continue this work in Cardiff and to further shed light on the contributions and role the human microbiome plays in health and disease. The human microbiome consists of all the microbial genomes which are found in the human ecosystem. The main fraction resides in the gastrointestinal tract and this collection of genetic information contains many functions which are able to influence the host's own metabolism. In fact the combined metabolic functions of these microbes are equivalent to that of the liver and we are now considering the gut microbiome as a virtual organ. But unlike any conventional organ the range of functions are very dynamic and can be perturbed easily. The gut microbiome has been implicated in many health and disease processes including obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and several atopic diseases. Since this collection of microbes varies from one individual to another there exists the possibility that different individuals are being affected differently by their microbiome.

研究领域

Microbiology of the gut, skin, lung and female reproductive system Host-microbes interactions in the gut, lungs, skin and female reproductive system Impact of bacterial produced metabolites and proteins in the gut and female reproductive system Bioactive and biocatalytic agents from the human microbiome using functional metagenomics Using metataxonomics (16S rRNA gene profiles) and metagenomics to explore the human microbiome in health and disease The role of the microbiome in cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, obesity, liver disease, pre-term labour and autoimmune diseases How the microbiome interacts with the diet to drive health

近期论文

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Marino, P.et al. 2017. Community analysis of dental plaque and endotracheal tube biofilms from mechanically ventilated patients. Journal of Critical Care (10.1016/j.jcrc.2017.02.020) pdf Mitra, A.et al. 2016. The vaginal microbiota, human papillomavirus infection and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia: what do we know and where are we going next?. Microbiome 4, article number: 58. (10.1186/s40168-016-0203-0) pdf Naz, I.et al. 2016. Effect of the chemical composition of filter media on the microbial community in wastewater biofilms at different temperatures. RSC Advances 6(106), pp. 104345-104353. (10.1039/C6RA21040F) pdf Kindinger, L.et al. 2016. Relationship between vaginal microbial dysbiosis, inflammation, and pregnancy outcomes in cervical cerclage. Science Translational Medicine 8(350), article number: 350ra102. (10.1126/scitranslmed.aag1026) Hodgson, D.et al. 2016. Segregation of the anodic microbial communities in a microbial fuel cell cascade. Frontiers in Microbiology 7, article number: 699. (10.3389/fmicb.2016.00699) pdf Phetcharaburanin, J.et al. 2016. Systemic characterization of an obese phenotype in the Zucker rat model defining metabolic axes of energy metabolism and host-microbial interactions. Journal of Proteome Research 15(6), pp. 1897-1906. (10.1021/acs.jproteome.6b00090) Gratton, J.et al. 2016. Optimized sample handling strategy for metabolic profiling of human feces. Analytical Chemistry 88(9), pp. 4661-4668. (10.1021/acs.analchem.5b04159) Morris, L. S. and Marchesi, J. R. 2016. Assessing the impact of long term frozen storage of faecal samples on protein concentration and protease activity. Journal of Microbiological Methods 123, pp. 31-38. (10.1016/j.mimet.2016.02.001) pdf Broaders, E.et al. 2016. Evidence for plasmid mediated salt tolerance in the human gut microbiome and potential mechanisms. FEMS Microbiology Ecology 92(3), article number: fiw019. (10.1093/femsec/fiw019) pdf Holmes, E.et al. 2016. Handing on health to the next generation. Metabolic Phenotyping in Personalized and Public Healthcare , pp. 213-264. (10.1016/B978-0-12-800344-2.00008-2) Kinross, J. and Marchesi, J. R. 2016. The aging superorganism. Metabolic Phenotyping in Personalized and Public Healthcare , pp. 265-290. (10.1016/B978-0-12-800344-2.00009-4) Sands, K.et al. 2016. Microbial profiling of dental plaque from mechanically ventilated patients. Journal of Medical Microbiology 65, pp. 147-159. (10.1099/jmm.0.000212) pdf