Hoffmann, Karl - Aberystwyth University - Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences

研究领域

My research revolves around trying to answer this question: How can fundamental studies of developmental biology & gene regulation guide our search for next generation anthelmintic solutions? Parasitic worms cause some of the most disfiguring, debilitating & chronic infectious diseases of human & animal populations across the globe. Reliance on limited drug classes to treat affected individuals & the lack of available vaccines to induce protective immunity suggests that current experimental approaches in identifying urgently needed anthelmintics have yet to deliver sustainable solutions. Utilising both hypothesis-led & discovery driven research approaches my laboratory is developing new strategies for controlling parasitic helminths of biomedical importance. Our area of expertise is Schistosoma mansoni, one of the three main trematode species responsible for the neglected tropical disease Schistosomiasis. More than 200 million people suffer from this chronic & debilitating disease, with 90% of all worldwide cases found in poverty-stricken areas of sub-Saharan Africa where up to 300,000 individuals die each year. Praziquantel is currently used to treat schistosomiasis, but the need for repetitive treatment in endemic communities, concerns over the development of resistance & an unknown mechanism of action all have contributed to the active search for new chemotherapeutic agents or a prophylactic vaccine. To identify next generation anthelmintics we look for solutions in the interrelated disciplines of helminth developmental biology, epigenetics & gene regulation. Our research includes individual-gene & (epi) genome-wide investigations, supported by experimental models of schistosome infection & objective analyses of helminth viability & phenotype. We envision that our integrated approach will enable progress to be made against an intractable disease affecting some of the most disadvantaged populations of the developing world.

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Cosseau, C., Wolkenhauer, O., Padalino, G., Geyer, K., Hoffmann, K., Grunau, C. 2016. (Epi)genetic Inheritance in Schistosoma mansoni: A Systems Approach. Trends in Parasitology Cadair Niazi, U., Geyer, K.K., Vickers, M.J., Hoffmann, K., Swain, M. 2016. DISMISS: detection of stranded methylation in MeDIP-Seq data. BMC Bioinformatics 17 295 Cadair Reimers, N., Homann, A., Höschler, B., Langhans, K., Wilson, R.A., Pierrot, C., Khalife, J., Grevelding, C.G., Chalmers, I.W., Yazdanbakhsh, M., Hoffmann, K.F., Hokke, C.H., Haas, H., Schramm, G. 2015. Drug-Induced Exposure of Schistosoma mansoni Antigens SmCD59a and SmKK7. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases 9 (3) e0003593 Cadair Smit, C.H., van Diepen, A., Nguyen, D.L., Wuhrer, M., Hoffmann, K.F., Deelder, A.M., Hokke, C.H. 2015. Glycomic analysis of life stages of the human parasite Schistosoma mansoni reveals developmental expression profiles of functional and antigenic glycan motifs. Molecular and Cellular Proteomics 14 (7) pp. 1750-1769. Cadair Chalmers, I.W., Fitzsimmons, C.M., Brown, M., Pierrot, C., Jones, F.M., Wawrzyniak, J.M., Fernandez-Fuentes, N., Tukahebwa, E.M., Dunne, D.W., Khalife, J., Hoffmann, K.F. 2015. Human IgG1 Responses to Surface Localised Schistosoma mansoni Ly6 Family Members Drop following Praziquantel Treatment. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases 9 (7) pp. e0003920. Cadair Nowacki, F.C., Swain, M.T., Klychnikov, O.I., Niazi, U., Ivens, A., Quintana, J.F., Hensbergen, P.J., Hokke, C.H., Buck, A.H., Hoffmann, K.F. 2015. Protein and small non-coding RNA-enriched extracellular vesicles are released by the pathogenic blood fluke Schistosoma mansoni. Journal of Extracellular Vesicles 4 28665 Cadair Hoffmann, K. 2015. Sharing expertise/data/reagents. Accelerating R&D for Neglected Diseases through Global Collaborations: WIPO Re:Search Partnership Stories 2013-2015. 2ndth edn, BIO Ventures for Global Health, Seattle, USA pp. 23. Cadair Edwards, J., Brown, M., Peak, E., Bartholomew, B., Nash, R.J., Hoffmann, K.F. 2015. The Diterpenoid 7-Keto-Sempervirol, Derived from Lycium chinense, Displays Anthelmintic Activity against both Schistosoma mansoni and Fasciola hepatica. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases 9 (3) e0003604 Cadair