Banfield, Bruce W - Queen's University - Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences

个人简介

Viruses are selective and efficient nucleic acid delivery devices that serve as excellent tools for studying complex macromolecular assemblies as well as core cellular functions. The order Herpesvirales is a very large group of viruses that infect animals ranging from oysters to elephants. The model herpesvirus studied in the Banfield laboratory is the important human pathogen, herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), a large virus encoding 74 distinct proteins. HSV-2 virions are complex machines containing almost 100 different proteins. Approximately half of these structural proteins are encoded by the viral genome and the other half are of cellular origin. All herpes virions share a layered structure: a linear double-stranded DNA genome encased by an icosahedral nucleocapsid, which is surrounded by a lipid envelope embedded with glycoproteins. Between the nucleocapsid and the envelope lies a proteinaceous layer called the tegument. During infection, the virion nucleocapsid and tegument components enter the cell cytoplasm. The tegument proteins delivered into the cytoplasm during infection have the opportunity to perform a variety of functions prior to new virus gene expression. A widely held view is that a key role for incoming tegument proteins is to establish an environment within the cell that is conducive to virus replication. In keeping with this view, our research focuses on the analysis of several viral tegument proteins and how they counteract different intrinsic cellular antiviral defense mechanisms aimed at restricting the production of new viruses. Additionally, many tegument proteins play fundamental roles in virus assembly and mediate the release of newly formed virions from the cell. Our laboratory is actively engaged in determining the role of tegument components in the assembly and release of herpesvirus virions from infected cells.

研究领域

Molecular and cellular biology of alphaherpesvirus infections Intrinsic cellular antiviral defense mechanisms Herpesviruses as tools for mapping neuronal circuitry Details of Research Interests: My laboratory studies the molecular biology of alpha herpesvirus infections. The alpha herpesviruses are a large group of viruses that include the human pathogens herpes simplex virus and varicella-zoster virus, as well as many important veterinary pathogens. A long-term goal of our studies is to understand the mechanisms by which these viruses invade, spread and cause disease in the nervous system of their hosts. As obligate intracellular parasites, all viruses must establish intimate relationships with host cell molecules. By identifying and characterizing virus-host interactions that are critical to the development of disease we hope to devise ways to disrupt these interactions and thereby develop new therapeutics for the treatment of alpha herpesvirus infections.

近期论文

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Finnen RL, BB Roy, H Zhang and BW Banfield. 2010. “Analysis of filamentous process induction and nuclear localization properties of the HSV-2 serine/threonine kinase Us3”. Virology 397: 23-33. Babic T, MN Purpera, BW Banfield, HR Berthoud and CD Morrison. 2010. “Innervation of skeletal muscle by leptin receptor-containing neurons” Brain Res.1345:146-55 Finnen RL and BW Banfield, 2010. “Subcellular localization of the alphaherpesvirus serine/threonine kinase Us3 as a determinant of Us3 function”. Virulence. 1:291-294. Kang MH and BW Banfield. 2010. “Pseudorabies virus tegument protein Us2 recruits the mitogen-activated protein kinase extracellular-regulated kinase (ERK) to membranes through interaction with the ERK common docking domain” J. Virol. 84:8395-8408. Walters MS, PR Kinchington, BW Banfield and S Silverstein. 2010. “Hyperphosphorylation of histone deacetylase 2 by alphaherpesvirus Us3 kinases”. J. Virol. 84:9666-9676. Erazo A, MB Yee, BW Banfield and PR Kinchington. 2011. “The alphaherpesvirus Us3/ORF66 protein kinases direct phosphorylation of the nuclear matrix protein matrin 3”. J. Virol. 85:568-581 Jung M, RL Finnen, CE Neron and BW Banfield. 2011.”The alphaherpesvirus serine/threonine kinase Us3 disrupts PML nuclear bodies”. J. Virol. 85:5301-5311 Finnen RL, SM Johnston, CE Neron and BW Banfield. 2011. “Nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of the HSV-2 serine/threonine kinase Us3”. Virology. 417:229-237. Guzzo, C, A Ayer, S. Basta, BW Banfield and K Gee. 2012. “IL-27 enhances LPS-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine production via upregulation of TLR-4 expression and signaling in human monocytes. J. Immunol.188:864-873. Finnen RL, KR Pangka and BW Banfield. 2012. “Herpes simplex virus 2 infection impacts stress granule accumulation”. J. Virol. 86:8119-8130. Le Sage V and BW Banfield. 2012. “Dysregulation of autophagy in murine fibroblasts resistant to HSV-1 infection”. PLoS One. 7(8):e42636 Guzzo C, M Jung, A Graveline, BW Banfield and K Gee. 2012 “IL-27 increases BST-2 expression in human monocytes and T cells”. Sci Rep. 2:974. Le Sage V, M Jung, JD Alter, EG Wills, SM Johnston, Y Kawaguchi, JD Baines and BW Banfield. 2013. “The herpes simplex virus type 2 UL21 protein is essential for virus propagation”. J. Virol. 87:5904-5915. Kang MH, BB Roy, RL, Finnen , V Le Sage, SM Johnston, H Zhang and BW Banfield. 2013. “The Us2 gene product of herpes simplex virus 2 is a membrane associated ubiquitin binding protein”. J. Virol.87:9590-9603 Nguyen, NLT, J. Randall, BW Banfield and TJ Bartness. 2014. “Central sympathetic innervations to visceral and subcutaneous white adipose tissue”. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol.306:R375-86. PMID:24452544.