个人简介

K. Peter C. Vollhardt was born on March 7, 1946 in Madrid, Spain. He grew up there and in Buenos Aires, Argentina, where he went to primary school. He then moved to Germany and completed his secondary school education in Munich, where he obtained a Vordiplom in Chemistry at the University of Munich. In 1968, he moved to University College London, to graduate with a Ph.D. in Chemistry with Professor P. J. Garratt in 1972. After two years as a postdoctoral fellow with Professor R. G. Bergman at the California Institute of Technology, he was appointed Assistant Professor at the University of California, Berkeley. In 1975, he also became Principal Investigator of the Materials and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory. In 1978, he was promoted to Associate, in 1982 to Full Professor. From 1983 to 1987, he was also a Principal Investigator at the Center for Advanced Materials, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory. He was Assistant Dean to the College of Chemistry from 1996 to 2004. He is a member of the German Chemical Society, The Chemical Society, London, the American Chemical Society, and Sigma Xi. Between 1966 and 1969, he was a Fellow and then an Overseas Fellow of the Studienstiftung des deutschen Volkes, and, in 1975, he received a Regents' Summer Faculty Fellowship. He enjoyed visiting Professorships at the Universities of Paris at Orsay (1979), Bordeaux (1985), Lyon (1987), Rennes (1991), Paris VI (1992), Marseille (2000), and Rome Tor Vergata (2004). He held both an Alfred P. Sloan Foundation Fellowship (1976-1980) and a Camille and Henry Dreyfus Teacher Scholarship (1978-1983). In 1983, he was awarded the Adolf Windaus Medal of the German Chemical Society, in addition to being selected by Science Digest as one of the "100 Outstanding Young Scientists in America." During the years 1984-1989, he functioned as an Associate Editor for the journal Synthesis, to be followed by his current position as Chief Editor for Synlett, a journal he launched in 1990. He was the recipient of a Miller Research Professorship in Residence (1985-86), a Humboldt Senior Scientist Award (1985 and 1992), and the ACS Award in Organometallic Chemistry (1987). In 1987, he was also elected to the Organic Division Committee of IUPAC. He was given the Otto Bayer Prize 1990, the ACS Arthur C. Cope Scholar Award 1991, a Japan Society for Promotion of Science Award 1995, the Stiftung Buchkunst Prize (Germany) 1996, an NSF Special Creativity Award 1998, the ACS Edward Leete Award 1999, the Medal of the University Aix-Marseille 2000, and an Honorary Doctorate from the University of Rome Tor Vergata 2004. Professor Vollhardt has had over 260 scientific coworkers and supervises a group of 10-15 students and postdoctorals. He has published and/or submitted for publication over 300 scientific papers or books, among the latter a sophomore textbook on organic chemistry, now in its 5th edition (Freeman and Company, 1987, 1994, 1999, 2003, 2007), which has been translated into German (Verlag Chemie, 1988, 1995, 2000, 2005), French (de Boeck-Wesmael, 1990, 1995, 1999, 2004), Italian (Zanichelli, 1990, 1998, 2004), Spanish (Ediciones Omega, 1990, 1996, 2000), Korean (Tamgu-Dang, 1993, 1997, 2004), Japanese (Kagaku-Dojin, 1996, 2000, 2004), Portuguese (Bookman, 2004), Serbian (Haydigraf, 1996; Data Status, 2004), and Chinese (Chinese Chemical Press, 2006). A translation into Basque and Arabic is in progress. Four patents have been issued to him. Since 1975 he has presented plenary and invited lectures at over 100 international and national meetings and has given more than 330 invited research seminars at various academic and industrial institutions.

研究领域

Organic and Organometallic Chemistry — Transition metals and novel synthetic methodology enable the synthesis of complex natural and unnatural products. Professor Vollhardt and his coworkers are interested in the application of transition metals to organic synthesis. The areas under investigation range from the assembly of novel oligometallic arrays to the use of cobalt, palladium, and nickel in the construction of complex organic molecules. For example, his group has developed ways to attach cyclopentadienylmetal units repeatedly to other p-ligands, such as cyclopentadienyl itself. In this way, a number of potentially catalytic and conducting oligocyclopentadienylmetals with remarkable properties have become available for further exploration. A second effort underway is directed at further exploring the scope of the cobalt-mediated [2+2+2]cycloaddition of alkynes to other unsaturated substrates, a reaction pioneered by the Vollhardt group. Recent work has focused on "tagging" heteroaromatic systems, such as the indole alkaloids, resulting in a total synthesis of strychnine and a novel approach to morphinoids. A third problem is concerned with the synthesis of molecules of theoretical importance, in particular highly strained hydrocarbons and molecules with electronically destabilizing features. These include the phenylenes, a class of novel benzenoids in which benzene and cyclobutadiene are fused in an alternating manner. Their properties are remarkable, in particular with respect to cyclohexatrienic reactivity of the benzene nuclei and their potential to behave as organic magnets and conductors.

Organic and Organometallic Chemistry — Transition metals and novel synthetic methodology enable the synthesis of complex natural and unnatural products. Professor Vollhardt and his coworkers are interested in the application of transition metals to organic synthesis. The areas under investigation range from the assembly of novel oligometallic arrays to the use of cobalt, palladium, and nickel in the construction of complex organic molecules. For example, his group has developed ways to attach cyclopentadienylmetal units repeatedly to other p-ligands, such as cyclopentadienyl itself. In this way, a number of potentially catalytic and conducting oligocyclopentadienylmetals with remarkable properties have become available for further exploration. A second effort underway is directed at further exploring the scope of the cobalt-mediated [2+2+2]cycloaddition of alkynes to other unsaturated substrates, a reaction pioneered by the Vollhardt group. Recent work has focused on "tagging" heteroaromatic systems, such as the indole alkaloids, resulting in a total synthesis of strychnine and a novel approach to morphinoids. A third problem is concerned with the synthesis of molecules of theoretical importance, in particular highly strained hydrocarbons and molecules with electronically destabilizing features. These include the phenylenes, a class of novel benzenoids in which benzene and cyclobutadiene are fused in an alternating manner. Their properties are remarkable, in particular with respect to cyclohexatrienic reactivity of the benzene nuclei and their potential to behave as organic magnets and conductors.

近期论文

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Baxter, C. S.; Garratt, P. J.; Vollhardt, K. P. C., The 3,4:5,6:9,10-Tribenzobicyclo[6.2.0]deca-pentaenyl Dianion, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1969, 91, 7783. Garratt, P. J.; Vollhardt, K. P. C., Benzo[3,4]cyclobuta[1,2-c]thiophen (2-Thianorbiphenylene), Chem. Commun. 1970, 109. Garratt, P. J.; Vollhardt, K. P. C.; Mitchell, R. H., Wittig Reactions of 1,2-Dihydro-1,2-bis(triphenylphosphoranylidene)benzocyclobutene and Benzocyclobutene-1,2-quinone. The Synthesis of Dibenzo[a,c]benzo[3,4]cyclobuta[1,2-f]cyclooctene, J. Chem. Soc. (C) 1970, 2137. Garratt, P. J.; Holmes, A. B.; Sondheimer, F.; Vollhardt, K. P. C., The Synthesis of Benzo[3,4]cyclobuta[1,2-e]dicyclohexeno[b,h]thionin, an Analog of Biphenylene Containing a Thionin Ring, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1970, 92, 4492. Garratt, P. J.; Vollhardt, K. P. C., 6,11-Methanocyclobutabenzo[1,2-a]-[10]annulene, a Biphenylene-Analog Containing a Carbocyclic 10 π-Electron Ring, Angew. Chem. 1971, 83, 111; Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1971, 10, 125. Garratt, P. J.; Vollhardt, K. P. C., Homophthalaldehyde, Synthesis 1971, 423. Garratt, P. J.; Holmes, A. B.; Sondheimer, F.; Vollhardt, K. P. C., The Synthesis of Mono-trans-dicyclohexeno[b,i]-1,6-dithiacyclodeca-2,4,7,9-tetraene, a Tetra-alkylated 1,6-Dithia[10]annulene, Chem. Commun. 1971, 947. Garratt, P. J.; Vollhardt, K. P. C., Synthesis of Benzo[3,4]cyclobuta[1,2-a]benzo[d]tropylium Cation, a Homobiphenylene Cation, Chem. Commun. 1971, 1143. Garratt, P. J.; Vollhardt, K. P. C., The Synthesis of 6,7-Diphenyl-3-thiabicyclo[3.2.0]heptatriene, a Thienocyclobutadiene, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1972, 94, 1022. Garratt, P. J.; Vollhardt, K. P. C., Wittig Reactions of 1,2-Benzocyclobutadienequinone. Synthesis of 2-Thianorbiphenylene (Benzo-[3,4]cyclobuta[1,2-c]thiophene), J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1972, 94, 7087. Vollhardt, K. P. C.; Bergman, R. G., 3,6-Dehydrooxepin, a Furocyclobutadiene, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1972, 94, 8950. Jones, A. J.; Garratt, P. J.; Vollhardt, K. P. C., 13C Shifts in Biphenylene and Analogous Compounds, Angew. Chem. 1973, 85, 260; Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1973, 12, 241. Garratt, P. J.; Vollhardt, K. P. C., Aromatizität; Georg Thieme Verlag: Stuttgart, 1973. Bergman, R. G.; Vollhardt, K. P. C., 3-Oxabicyclo[3,2,0]hepta-1,4-diene, Chem. Commun. 1973, 214. Garratt, P. J.; Holmes, A. B.; Sondheimer, F.; Vollhardt, K. P. C., Wittig Reactions of 1,2-Dihydro-1,2-bis(triphenylphosphoranylidene)benzocyclobutene. Synthesis of All-cis- and Mono-trans-1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9-octahydrodibenzo[b,h]benzo[3,4]cyclobuta-[1,2-e]thionin, Analogues of Biphenylene Containing a Thionin Ring, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. I 1973, 2253. Vollhardt, K. P. C.; Bergman, R. G., Competition between Sulfur Extrusion and Thermal Synthesis of Thienocyclobutadiene in the Pyrolysis of cis- and trans-1,2-Diethynylthiiranes. Dimerization of the Rearrangement Product to Bisthienocyclooctatetraene, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1973, 95, 7538. Vollhardt, K. P. C.; Bergman, R. G., A One-Step Synthesis of Benzocyclobutenes Involving Cooligomerization of Linear Mono- and Diacetylenes Catalyzed by η5-Cyclopentadienylcobalt Dicarbonyl, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1974, 96, 4996. Vollhardt, K. P. C.; Bercaw, J. E.; Bergman, R. G., Isolation of Unstable Bis(η5-cyclopentadienylcobalt) Tricarbonyl from the Irradiation of η5-Cyclopentadienylcobalt Dicarbonyl. Thermal Reactions of this Binuclear Complex Leading to Starting Material and Trinuclear and Tetranuclear Cobalt (I) Complexes, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1974, 96 4998. Vollhardt, K. P. C., Bis-Wittig Reactions in the Synthesis of Nonbenzenoid Aromatic Ring Systems, Synthesis 1975, 765. Vollhardt, K. P. C., Cyclobutadienoids, Top. Curr. Chem. 1975, 59, 113. Aalbersberg, W. G. L.; Barkovich, A. J.; Funk, R. L.; Hillard III, R. L.; Vollhardt, K. P. C., Transition Metal Catalyzed Acetylene Cyclizations. 4,5-Bis(trimethylsilyl)benzocyclobutene, a Highly Strained, Versatile Synthetic Intermediate, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1975, 97, 5600. Vollhardt, K. P. C.; Bercaw, J. E.; Bergman, R. G., Photochemistry of η5-Cyclopentadienylcobalt Dicarbonyl and Thermal Decomposition of Derived Cobalt Cluster Complexes. Isolation of Bis(η5-cyclopentadienylcobalt) Tricarbonyl, Tris(η5-cyclopentadienylcobalt Monocarbonyl) and Tetra(η5-Cyclopentadienylcobalt) Dicarbonyl, J. Organomet. Chem. 1975, 97, 283. Hillard III, R. L.; Vollhardt, K. P. C., Transition Metal Catalyzed Acetylene Cyclizations. A General Synthesis of Indans and Tetralins, Angew. Chem. 1975, 87, 744; Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1975, 14, 712. Brogli, F.; Heilbronner, E.; Wirz, J.; Kloster-Jensen, E.; Bergman, R. G.; Vollhardt, K. P. C.; Ashe, A. J., The Consequences of σ and π Conjugative Interactions in Mono-, Di- and Triacetylenes. A Photoelectron Spectroscopic Investigation, Helv. Chim. Acta 1975, 58, 2620. Saward, C. J.; Vollhardt, K. P. C., 1,2-Cyclopropa-4,5-cyclobutabenzene, a Novel Strained Benzene Derivative, Tetrahedron Lett. 1975, 4539.