Shi, Pei-Yong - University of Texas Medical Branch - Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

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University of Texas Medical Branch Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
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个人简介

Pei-Yong Shi, PhD, is I.H. Kempner Professor of Human Genetics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston Texas, USA. He is an elected Fellow of American Academy of Microbiology, adjunct Professor of Emerging Infectious Diseases at the Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School in Singapore, and Honorary Professor at the Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. He received his Ph.D. in virology in 1996 from Georgia State University. After postdoctoral training at Yale University, he joined Bristol-Myers Squibb as a Principal Scientist to develop HIV and HCV therapeutics from 1998 to 2000. He then moved to the Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, to study West Nile virus. From 2008 to 2015, he served as Dengue Unit Head and Executive Director to lead drug discovery at Novartis Institute for Tropical Diseases. His group developed the first infectious clones of the epidemic strain of West Nile virus and Zika virus, discovered two RNA cap methylation activities of flavivirus NS5 protein, identified essential RNA elements for flavivirus replication, established various platforms for flavivirus vaccine and drug discovery, and pioneered therapeutics development for dengue virus. He has published over 210 peer-reviewed articles and served as Editor (ACS Infectious Diseases, Journal of General Virology, and Nature Vaccine) and Editorial Board member (Journal of Virology, Virology, and Antiviral Research). He is internationally recognized for his scholar and administrative accomplishments at leading research institution, public health sector, and pharmaceutical industry.

研究领域

The Shi lab integrates both academic and industrial expertise for basic and translational research. Our research focuses on flaviviruses that cause significant human diseases, such as dengue, Zika, West Nile, and Japanese encephalitis viruses. Despite their global public health burden, there is no clinically approved therapy for flavivirus infection. To address this huge unmet medical need, we take a multidisciplinary approach (i) to study the molecular mechanism of viral replication and (ii) to translate the knowledge into antiviral, vaccine, and diagnostic products. Many of our projects are highly collaborative with both academic and pharmaceutical partners around the world. We also aspire to apply the knowledge achieved from the flavivirus research to drug discovery and vaccine development for other viral pathogens. Flavivirus replication Understanding viral replication at a molecular level is essential for development of novel intervention. Our basic research is designed to decipher how viral and cellular factors modulate each other during viral infection, leading to productive viral replication and effective immune response. Our experimental approach includes biochemistry, structural biology, chemical biology, molecular biology, and disease modeling in vivo. The goal of these studies is to define the mechanisms of viral replication and host response that could be used for therapeutics, vaccine, and diagnostic development. Progressing at the forefront of basic research provides a competitive edge for our translational research. In return, the translational research poses new questions and provides unique tools (such as inhibitors) for the viral replication research. Antiviral development Four strategies have been pursued to identify flavivirus inhibitors: (i) High-throughput screening (HTS) using viral infection assays; (ii) HTS using viral enzyme assays; (iii) structure-based in silico docking and rational design; (iv) repurposing clinical compounds (that have been previously developed for other indications) for potential treatment of flavivirus infection. New insights derived from viral replication research (described above) have enabled us to design new inhibitors of viral proteins or inhibitors of host factors that are essential for viral infection. Through collaboration with medicinal chemists and pharmacologists, we advance these inhibitors towards preclinical and clinical development. Vaccine development We are taking several distinct approaches to develop novel vaccines. (i) We discovered and invented a novel vaccine approach using mutant viruses defective in 2’-O methylation of viral RNA. This vaccine approach is based on our discovery that all flaviviruses encode a viral methyltransferase to methylate N-7 and 2’-O cap of their RNA. The function of 2’-O methylation of viral RNA cap is to mimic cellular mRNA and to evade host innate immune restriction. A cytoplasmic virus defective in 2’-O methylation is replicative; but its viral RNA lacks 2’-O methylation, and is recognized and subsequently eliminated by host immune response, representing a new approach for live-attenuate vaccine development. (ii) Using a 3’UTR deletion approach, we have developed the first live-attenuated Zika virus vaccine candidate that is safe and prevents in utero transmission during pregnancy as well as male reproductive tract infection in animal models. We are advancing this Zika vaccine candidate to clinical trials. Novel diagnosis We are taking two approaches to improve flavivirus diagnosis. (i) Antibodies against flaviviral non-structural proteins are more virus-type specific than antibodies against viral structural proteins. This property could be used to develop more specific serological diagnosis. (ii) Plaque reduction assay remains the “gold standard” for flavivirus serological diagnosis. However, plaque assay is labor intensive with low throughput. We are developing stable reporter flaviviruses to replace the traditional plaque assay. These assays will not only improve flavivirus diagnosis in clinics but also facilitate clinical trials of various flavivirus vaccines.

近期论文

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Brain-Region-Specific Organoids Using Mini-bioreactors for Modeling ZIKV Exposure.Qian X, Nguyen HN, Song MM, Hadiono C, Ogden SC, Hammack C, Yao B, Hamersky GR, Jacob F, Zhong C, Yoon KJ, Jeang W, Lin L, Li Y, Thakor J, Berg DA, Zhang C, Kang E, Chickering M, Nauen D, Ho CY, Wen Z, Christian KM, Shi PY, Maher BJ, Wu H, Jin P, Tang H, Song H, Ming GL.Cell. 2016 May 19;165(5):1238-1254. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2016.04.032. Epub 2016 Apr 22. Zika Virus Vaccine: Progress and Challenges.Shan C, Xie X, Shi PY.Cell Host Microbe. 2018 Jul 11;24(1):12-17. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2018.05.021. Epub 2018 Jun 28. An Infectious cDNA Clone of SARS-CoV-2.Xie X, Muruato A, Lokugamage KG, Narayanan K, Zhang X, Zou J, Liu J, Schindewolf C, Bopp NE, Aguilar PV, Plante KS, Weaver SC, Makino S, LeDuc JW, Menachery VD, Shi PY.Cell Host Microbe. 2020 May 13;27(5):841-848.e3. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2020.04.004. Epub 2020 Apr 13. Dengue NS2A Protein Orchestrates Virus Assembly.Xie X, Zou J, Zhang X, Zhou Y, Routh AL, Kang C, Popov VL, Chen X, Wang QY, Dong H, Shi PY.Cell Host Microbe. 2019 Nov 13;26(5):606-622.e8. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2019.09.015. Epub 2019 Oct 17. Zika virus: History, emergence, biology, and prospects for control.Weaver SC, Costa F, Garcia-Blanco MA, Ko AI, Ribeiro GS, Saade G, Shi PY, Vasilakis N.Antiviral Res. 2016 Jun;130:69-80. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2016.03.010. Epub 2016 Mar 18. Phase I/II study of COVID-19 RNA vaccine BNT162b1 in adults.Mulligan MJ, Lyke KE, Kitchin N, Absalon J, Gurtman A, Lockhart S, Neuzil K, Raabe V, Bailey R, Swanson KA, Li P, Koury K, Kalina W, Cooper D, Fontes-Garfias C, Shi PY, Türeci Ö, Tompkins KR, Walsh EE, Frenck R, Falsey AR, Dormitzer PR, Gruber WC, Şahin U, Jansen KU.Nature. 2020 Aug 12. doi: 10.1038/s41586-020-2639-4. Online ahead of print. Zika virus has oncolytic activity against glioblastoma stem cells.Zhu Z, Gorman MJ, McKenzie LD, Chai JN, Hubert CG, Prager BC, Fernandez E, Richner JM, Zhang R, Shan C, Tycksen E, Wang X, Shi PY, Diamond MS, Rich JN, Chheda MG.J Exp Med. 2017 Oct 2;214(10):2843-2857. doi: 10.1084/jem.20171093. Epub 2017 Sep 5. Broad Spectrum Antiviral Agent Niclosamide and Its Therapeutic Potential.Xu J, Shi PY, Li H, Zhou J.ACS Infect Dis. 2020 May 8;6(5):909-915. doi: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.0c00052. Epub 2020 Mar 10. Vaccine Mediated Protection Against Zika Virus-Induced Congenital Disease.Richner JM, Jagger BW, Shan C, Fontes CR, Dowd KA, Cao B, Himansu S, Caine EA, Nunes BTD, Medeiros DBA, Muruato AE, Foreman BM, Luo H, Wang T, Barrett AD, Weaver SC, Vasconcelos PFC, Rossi SL, Ciaramella G, Mysorekar IU, Pierson TC, Shi PY, Diamond MS.Cell. 2017 Jul 13;170(2):273-283.e12. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2017.06.040. Evolutionary enhancement of Zika virus infectivity in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes.Liu Y, Liu J, Du S, Shan C, Nie K, Zhang R, Li XF, Zhang R, Wang T, Qin CF, Wang P, Shi PY, Cheng G.Nature. 2017 May 25;545(7655):482-486. doi: 10.1038/nature22365. Epub 2017 May 17. Zika Virus NS2A-Mediated Virion Assembly.Zhang X, Xie X, Xia H, Zou J, Huang L, Popov VL, Chen X, Shi PY.mBio. 2019 Oct 29;10(5):e02375-19. doi: 10.1128/mBio.02375-19. A single mutation in the prM protein of Zika virus contributes to fetal microcephaly.Yuan L, Huang XY, Liu ZY, Zhang F, Zhu XL, Yu JY, Ji X, Xu YP, Li G, Li C, Wang HJ, Deng YQ, Wu M, Cheng ML, Ye Q, Xie DY, Li XF, Wang X, Shi W, Hu B, Shi PY, Xu Z, Qin CF.Science. 2017 Nov 17;358(6365):933-936. doi: 10.1126/science.aam7120. Epub 2017 Sep 28. Treatment of Human Glioblastoma with a Live Attenuated Zika Virus Vaccine Candidate.Chen Q, Wu J, Ye Q, Ma F, Zhu Q, Wu Y, Shan C, Xie X, Li D, Zhan X, Li C, Li XF, Qin X, Zhao T, Wu H, Shi PY, Man J, Qin CF.mBio. 2018 Sep 18;9(5):e01683-18. doi: 10.1128/mBio.01683-18. Maternal vaccination and protective immunity against Zika virus vertical transmission.Shan C, Xie X, Luo H, Muruato AE, Liu Y, Wakamiya M, La JH, Chung JM, Weaver SC, Wang T, Shi PY.Nat Commun. 2019 Dec 12;10(1):5677. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-13589-1. An evolutionary NS1 mutation enhances Zika virus evasion of host interferon induction.Xia H, Luo H, Shan C, Muruato AE, Nunes BTD, Medeiros DBA, Zou J, Xie X, Giraldo MI, Vasconcelos PFC, Weaver SC, Wang T, Rajsbaum R, Shi PY.Nat Commun. 2018 Jan 29;9(1):414. doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-02816-2. A Zika virus vaccine expressing premembrane-envelope-NS1 polyprotein.Li A, Yu J, Lu M, Ma Y, Attia Z, Shan C, Xue M, Liang X, Craig K, Makadiya N, He JJ, Jennings R, Shi PY, Peeples ME, Liu SL, Boyaka PN, Li J.Nat Commun. 2018 Aug 3;9(1):3067. doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-05276-4. Strategies for Zika drug discovery.Zou J, Shi PY.Curr Opin Virol. 2019 Apr;35:19-26. doi: 10.1016/j.coviro.2019.01.005. Epub 2019 Mar 7. Quantifying the RNA cap epitranscriptome reveals novel caps in cellular and viral RNA.Wang J, Alvin Chew BL, Lai Y, Dong H, Xu L, Balamkundu S, Cai WM, Cui L, Liu CF, Fu XY, Lin Z, Shi PY, Lu TK, Luo D, Jaffrey SR, Dedon PC.Nucleic Acids Res. 2019 Nov 18;47(20):e130. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkz751. A live-attenuated Zika virus vaccine candidate induces sterilizing immunity in mouse models.Shan C, Muruato AE, Nunes BTD, Luo H, Xie X, Medeiros DBA, Wakamiya M, Tesh RB, Barrett AD, Wang T, Weaver SC, Vasconcelos PFC, Rossi SL, Shi PY.Nat Med. 2017 Jun;23(6):763-767. doi: 10.1038/nm.4322. Epub 2017 Apr 10. 2'-O methylation of the viral mRNA cap evades host restriction by IFIT family members.Daffis S, Szretter KJ, Schriewer J, Li J, Youn S, Errett J, Lin TY, Schneller S, Zust R, Dong H, Thiel V, Sen GC, Fensterl V, Klimstra WB, Pierson TC, Buller RM, Gale M Jr, Shi PY, Diamond MS.Nature. 2010 Nov 18;468(7322):452-6. doi: 10.1038/nature09489.

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