Long known as terminal degradation stations, lysosomes have emerged as sophisticated signalling centres that govern cell growth, division and differentiation. Lysosomes interface physically and functionally with other organelles, and the master regulator mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 kinase is activated on lysosomes in response to nutrient and growth factor inputs. Lysosomes also enable autophagy, a 'self-eating' process essential for quality control and stress adaptation. Faulty execution of lysosomal growth and catabolic programmes drives cancer, neurodegeneration and age-related diseases.

中文翻译：

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溶酶体作为信号传导，新陈代谢和质量控制的细胞中心。

溶酶体长期以来被称为末端降解站，已成为控制细胞生长，分裂和分化的复杂信号中心。溶酶体在物理上和功能上与其他细胞器相互作用，并且雷帕霉素复合物1激酶的主要调控机制靶标响应于营养素和生长因子的输入而在溶酶体上被激活。溶酶体还可以实现自噬，这是质量控制和压力适应必不可少的“自食”过程。溶酶体生长和分解代谢程序执行不当会导致癌症，神经退行性疾病和与年龄有关的疾病。