Cadmium in plants: uptake, toxicity, and its interactions with selenium fertilizers.,Metallomics

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Cadmium in plants: uptake, toxicity, and its interactions with selenium fertilizers.
Metallomics ( IF 2.9 ) Pub Date : 2019-02-20 , DOI: 10.1039/c8mt00247a
Marwa A Ismael ₁ , Ali Mohamed Elyamine , Mohamed G Moussa , Miaomiao Cai , Xiaohu Zhao , Chengxiao Hu

Affiliation

Cd is the third major contaminant of greatest hazard to the environment after mercury and lead and is considered as the only metal that poses health risks to both humans and animals at plant tissue concentrations that are generally not phytotoxic. Cd accumulation in plant shoots depends on Cd entry through the roots, sequestration within root vacuoles, translocation in the xylem and phloem, and Cd dilution within the plant shoot throughout its growth. Several metal transporters, processes, and channels are involved from the first step of Cd reaching the root cells and until its final accumulation in the edible parts of the plant. It is hard to demonstrate one step as the pivotal factor to decide the Cd tolerance or accumulation ability of plants since the role of a specific transporter/process varies among plant species and even cultivars. In this review, we discuss the sources of Cd pollutants, Cd toxicity to plants, and mechanisms of Cd uptake and redistribution in plant tissues. The metal transporters involved in Cd transport within plant tissues are also discussed and how their manipulation can control Cd uptake and/or translocation. Finally, we discuss the beneficial effects of Se on plants under Cd stress, and how it can minimize or mitigate Cd toxicity in plants.

中文翻译：

植物中的镉：吸收，毒性及其与硒肥的相互作用。

Cd是仅次于汞和铅的第三种对环境危害最大的主要污染物，被认为是在植物组织浓度通常对植物无害的情况下对人类和动物健康构成威胁的唯一金属。Cd在植物新芽中的积累取决于Cd通过根部进入，隔离在根部液泡中，在木质部和韧皮部易位以及整个生长过程中Cd在植物新芽中的稀释程度。从Cd到达根细胞的第一步到其在植物可食部分的最终积累，涉及到几种金属转运体，过程和通道。很难证明一步是决定植物对Cd的耐受性或积累能力的关键因素，因为特定转运蛋白/过程的作用在植物物种甚至栽培品种中都不同。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了Cd污染物的来源，Cd对植物的毒性以及植物组织中Cd吸收和再分布的机制。还讨论了与植物组织内Cd迁移有关的金属转运蛋白，以及它们的操纵如何控制Cd的吸收和/或转运。最后，我们讨论了硒对Cd胁迫下植物的有益作用，以及硒如何最大程度地减轻或减轻植物中Cd的毒性。

更新日期：2018-12-22

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