Experimental Observation of Toroidal Dipole Modes in All‐Dielectric Metasurfaces,Advanced Optical Materials

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Experimental Observation of Toroidal Dipole Modes in All‐Dielectric Metasurfaces
Advanced Optical Materials ( IF 8.0 ) Pub Date : 2018-12-17 , DOI: 10.1002/adom.201801166
Su Xu _{1,

2} , Andrey Sayanskiy ₃ , Anton S. Kupriianov _{2,

4} , Vladimir R. Tuz _{1,

2,

5} , Polina Kapitanova ₃ , Hong‐Bo Sun _{1,

6} , Wei Han _{2,

4} , Yuri S. Kivshar _{3,

7}

Affiliation

The study of toroidal dipole modes has attracted a growing attention due to the specific properties of the toroidal electromagnetic response which differs from more familiar electric and magnetic dipole modes. Herein, toroidal dipole modes generated by metasurfaces composed of trimer clusters of high‐index dielectric particles are observed. Both far‐field transmission measurements and direct near‐field mapping of the electromagnetic fields are performed in microwave experiments, and two distinct types of the toroidal dipole modes are observed in a single geometry of the metasurface design, where the toroidal modes are generated either inside of the three‐particle clusters (the so‐called intra‐cluster toroidal modes) or between the neighboring particles in the clusters (inter‐cluster toroidal modes). A transient response of the toroidal dipole modes excited by a pulse is studied in detail. Since the metasurface is composed of simple dielectric disks without the use of any metallic components, the proposed design can be feasibly scalable to both micro‐ and nanometer‐size dielectric structures, and it can be employed in the flat‐optics platform for realizing the beams shaping and efficient light–matter interaction for multiple hotspot energy localization, nonlinear frequency conversion, and highly efficient trapping of light.

中文翻译：

全介电超表面中的环形偶极子模式的实验观察

环形偶极子模式的研究已经引起了越来越多的关注，这是由于环形电磁响应的特定性质不同于更熟悉的电和磁偶极子模式。在这里，观察到由高折射率介电粒子的三聚体簇构成的超颖表面产生的环形偶极子模。微波实验中进行了电磁场的远场传输测量和直接近场映射，并且在超表面设计的单个几何结构中观察到两种不同类型的环形偶极子模式，其中环形模子在内部产生三个粒子簇中的任意一个（所谓的群集内环形模式）或群集中相邻粒子之间的间隔（群集间环形模式）。详细研究了脉冲激发的环形偶极子模式的瞬态响应。由于超颖表面是由简单的介电盘组成的，无需使用任何金属组件，因此所提出的设计可以可行地扩展到微米和纳米尺寸的介电结构，并且可以在平面光学平台中用于实现光束形状和有效的光-质相互作用，以实现多个热点能量定位，非线性频率转换和高效的光捕获。

更新日期：2018-12-17

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