To sustainably power electronics by harvesting mechanical energy using nanogenerators, energy storage is essential to supply a regulated and stable electric output, which is traditionally realized by a direct connection between the two components through a rectifier. However, this may lead to low energy-storage efficiency. Here, we rationally design a charging cycle to maximize energy-storage efficiency by modulating the charge flow in the system, which is demonstrated on a triboelectric nanogenerator by adding a motion-triggered switch. Both theoretical and experimental comparisons show that the designed charging cycle can enhance the charging rate, improve the maximum energy-storage efficiency by up to 50% and promote the saturation voltage by at least a factor of two. This represents a progress to effectively store the energy harvested by nanogenerators with the aim to utilize ambient mechanical energy to drive portable/wearable/implantable electronics.

中文翻译：

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摩擦电纳米发电机的有效能量存储。

为了通过使用纳米发电机来收集机械能来可持续地为电子设备供电，储能对于提供调节和稳定的电输出至关重要，传统上，这是通过两个组件之间通过整流器直接连接来实现的。但是，这可能导致能量存储效率低下。在这里，我们合理设计一个充电周期，通过调节系统中的电荷流来最大化能量存储效率，这在摩擦电纳米发电机上通过添加运动触发开关得到了证明。理论上和实验上的比较都表明，设计的充电周期可以提高充电速率，将最大能量存储效率提高多达50％，并将饱和电压提高至少两倍。