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The neurobiological basis of narcolepsy.
Nature Reviews Neuroscience ( IF 28.7 ) Pub Date : 2019-02-01 , DOI: 10.1038/s41583-018-0097-x
Carrie E Mahoney 1 , Andrew Cogswell 2 , Igor J Koralnik 2 , Thomas E Scammell 1
Affiliation  

Narcolepsy is the most common neurological cause of chronic sleepiness. The discovery about 20 years ago that narcolepsy is caused by selective loss of the neurons producing orexins (also known as hypocretins) sparked great advances in the field. Here, we review the current understanding of how orexin neurons regulate sleep-wake behaviour and the consequences of the loss of orexin neurons. We also summarize the developing evidence that narcolepsy is an autoimmune disorder that may be caused by a T cell-mediated attack on the orexin neurons and explain how these new perspectives can inform better therapeutic approaches.

中文翻译:

发作性睡病的神经生物学基础。

发作性睡病是慢性嗜睡最常见的神经原因。大约 20 年前,人们发现发作性睡病是由产生食欲素(也称为下丘脑分泌素)的神经元选择性丧失引起的,这一发现引发了该领域的巨大进步。在这里,我们回顾了目前对食欲素神经元如何调节睡眠-觉醒行为以及食欲素神经元丧失的后果的理解。我们还总结了越来越多的证据表明发作性睡病是一种自身免疫性疾病,可能是由 T 细胞介导的对食欲素神经元的攻击引起的,并解释了这些新观点如何为更好的治疗方法提供信息。
更新日期:2019-01-26
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