Frogspawn‐Coral‐Like Hollow Sodium Sulfide Nanostructured Cathode for High‐Rate Performance Sodium–Sulfur Batteries,Advanced Energy Materials

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Frogspawn‐Coral‐Like Hollow Sodium Sulfide Nanostructured Cathode for High‐Rate Performance Sodium–Sulfur Batteries
Advanced Energy Materials ( IF 24.4 ) Pub Date : 2018-12-07 , DOI: 10.1002/aenm.201803251
Chuanlong Wang ₁ , Huan Wang ₁ , Xiaofei Hu ₁ , Edward Matios ₁ , Jianmin Luo ₁ , Yiwen Zhang ₁ , Xuan Lu ₁ , Weiyang Li ₁

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Room‐temperature (RT) sodium–sulfur (Na–S) batteries are attractive cost‐effective platforms as the next‐generation energy storage systems by using all earth‐abundant resources as electrode materials. However, the slow kinetics of Na–S chemistry makes it hard to achieve high‐rate performance. Herein, a facile and scalable approach has been developed to synthesize hollow sodium sulfide (Na₂S) nanospheres embedded in a highly hierarchical and spongy conductive carbon matrix, forming an intriguing architecture similar to the morphology of frogspawn coral, which has shown great potential as a cathode for high‐rate performance RT Na–S batteries. The shortened Na‐ion diffusion pathway benefits from the hollow structures together with the fast electron transfer from the carbon matrix contributes to high electrochemical reactivity, leading to superior electrochemical performance at various current rates. At high current densities of 1.4 and 2.1 A g⁻¹, high initial discharge capacities of 980 and 790 mAh g⁻¹_sulfur can be achieved, respectively, with reversible capacities stabilized at 600 and 400 mAh g⁻¹_sulfur after 100 cycles. As a proof of concept, a Na‐metal‐free Na–S battery is demonstrated by pairing the hollow Na₂S cathode with tin‐based anode. This work provides guidance on rational materials design towards the success of RT high‐rate Na–S batteries.

中文翻译：

Frogspawn-Coral-like中空硫化钠纳米结构阴极，用于高性能的钠硫电池

室温（RT）钠硫（Na–S）电池通过使用所有地球上丰富的资源作为电极材料，是吸引人的具有成本效益的平台，是下一代储能系统。但是，Na-S化学反应的缓慢动力学使其难以实现高效率的性能。本文中，已经开发了一种简便且可扩展的方法来合成空心硫化钠（Na ₂S）纳米球嵌入高度分层的海绵状导电碳基体中，形成了一种与蛙卵珊瑚的形态相似的引人入胜的结构，已显示出作为高性能RT Na–S电池阴极的巨大潜力。空心结构缩短了Na-离子扩散路径的缩短，碳基体的快速电子转移促进了高电化学反应性，从而在各种电流速率下均具有出色的电化学性能。在1.4和2.1 A g ^-1的高电流密度下，可以分别实现980和790 mAh g ^-1_硫的高初始放电容量，可逆容量稳定在600和400 mAh g ^-1_硫。100个周期后。作为概念的证明，通过将空心的Na ₂ S阴极与锡基阳极配对来演示无钠金属的Na-S电池。这项工作为合理的材料设计提供了指导，以指导RT高倍率Na-S电池的成功使用。

更新日期：2018-12-07

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