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Aromatic Nitrogen Mustard-Based Autofluorescent Amphiphilic Brush Copolymer as pH-Responsive Drug Delivery Vehicle.
Biomacromolecules ( IF 5.5 ) Pub Date : 2018-12-21 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b01468
Biswajit Saha , Neha Choudhury , Soma Seal , Bhuban Ruidas 1 , Priyadarsi De
Affiliation  

Delivery of clinically approved nonfluorescent drugs is facing challenges because it is difficult to monitor the intracellular drug delivery without incorporating any integrated fluorescence moiety into the drug carrier. The present investigation reports the synthesis of a pH-responsive autofluorescent polymeric nanoscaffold for the administration of nonfluorescent aromatic nitrogen mustard chlorambucil (CBL) drug into the cancer cells. Copolymerization of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) appended styrene and CBL conjugated N-substituted maleimide monomers enables the formation of well-defined luminescent alternating copolymer. These amphiphilic brush copolymers self-organized in aqueous medium into 25-68 nm nanoparticles, where the CBL drug is enclosed into the core of the self-assembled nanoparticles. In vitro studies revealed ∼70% drug was retained under physiological conditions at pH 7.4 and 37 °C. At endolysosomal pH 5.0, 90% of the CBL was released by the pH-induced cleavage of the aliphatic ester linkages connecting CBL to the maleimide unit. Although the nascent nanoparticle (without drug conjugation) is nontoxic, the drug conjugated nanoparticle showed higher toxicity and superior cell killing capability in cervical cancer (HeLa) cells rather than in normal cells. Interestingly, the copolymer without any conventional chromophore exhibited photoluminescence under UV light irradiation due to the presence of "through-space" π-π interaction between the C═O group of maleimide unit and the adjacent benzene ring of the styrenic monomer. This property helped us intracellular tracking of CBL conjugated autofluorescent nanocarriers through fluorescence microscope imaging. Finally, the 4-(4-nitrobenzyl)pyridine (NBP) colorimetric assay was executed to examine the ability of CBL-based polymeric nanomaterials toward alkylation of DNA.

中文翻译:

基于芳香氮芥末的自发荧光两亲刷状共聚物,可作为pH敏感的药物递送载体。

临床批准的非荧光药物的输送面临挑战,因为难以在不将任何整合的荧光部分掺入药物载体的情况下监测细胞内药物的输送。本研究报告了pH响应的自发荧光聚合物纳米支架的合成,用于将非荧光芳族氮芥芥氨丁酸苯丁酸氮芥(CBL)药物给药到癌细胞中。附加有聚(乙二醇)(PEG)的苯乙烯与CBL共轭的N-取代的马来酰亚胺单体的共聚能够形成定义明确的发光交替共聚物。这些两亲刷式共聚物在水性介质中自组织成25-68 nm纳米粒子,其中CBL药物被包裹在自组装纳米粒子的核心中。体外研究表明,在pH 7.4和37°C的生理条件下,约有70%的药物得以保留。在溶酶体pH 5.0时,通过pH诱导的将CBL连接至马来酰亚胺单元的脂族酯键断裂,释放了90%的CBL。尽管新生的纳米颗粒(无药物结合)是无毒的,但与宫颈癌(HeLa)细胞相比,与正常细胞相比,药物偶联的纳米颗粒显示出更高的毒性和更强的细胞杀伤能力。有趣的是,由于在马来酰亚胺单元的C = O基团与苯乙烯单体的相邻苯环之间存在“贯穿空间”π-π相互作用,因此没有任何常规生色团的共聚物在紫外光照射下显示出光致发光。这种性质帮助我们通过荧光显微镜成像对CBL共轭的自发荧光纳米载体进行细胞内跟踪。最后,进行了4-(4-硝基苄基)吡啶(NBP)比色测定,以检查基于CBL的聚合物纳米材料对DNA烷基化的能力。
更新日期:2018-12-06
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